A half-century of conflict. France and England in North America. Part ...

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242 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.who has left his name to Williamstown and WilliamsCollege, of the latter of which he was the founder.He was born at Newton, near Boston; was a manvigorous in body and mind; better acquainted withthe world than most of his countrymen, having followedthe seas in his youth, and visited England,Spain, and Holland ;well fittedfrank and agreeable in manners,for such a command, and respected andloved by his men.^ When the proposed invasion ofCanada was preparing, he and some of his men wentto take part in it, and had not yet returned. Thefort was left in charge of a sergeant, John Hawks,of Deerfield, with men too few for the extent oftheworks, and a supply of ammunition nearly exhausted.Canada being then put on the defensive, the frontierforts were thought safe for a time. On theSaturday before Rigaud's arrival. Hawks had sentThomas Williams, the surgeon, brother of the absentcaptain, to Deerfield, with a detachment of fourteenmen, to get a supply of powder and lead. Thisdetachment reduced the entire force, includingHawks himself and Norton, the chaplain, to twentytwomen, half of whom were disabled A\4th dysentery,from which few of the rest were wholly free.^1 See the notice of Williams in Mass. Hist. Coll., viii. 47. Hewas killed in the bloody skirmish that preceded the Battle of LakeGeorge in 1755. " Montcalm and Wolfe," chap. ix.2 " Lord's day and Monday . . . the sickness was very distressing.. . . Eleven of our men were sick, and scarcely one of us inperfect healtli ; almost every man was troubled with the gripingand flux." — Norton, The Redeemed Captive.
"1746.] SITE OF THE FORT. 243There were also in the fort three women and fivechildren. 1The site of Fort Massachusetts is now a meadowby the banks of the Hoosac. Then it was a roughclearing, encumbered with the stumps and refuseof the primeval forest, whose living hosts stoodgrimly around it,and spread, untouched by the axe,up the sides of the neighboring Saddleback Mountain.The position of the fort was bad, being commandedby high ground, from which, as the chaplain tells us," the enemy could shoot over the north side into themiddle of the parade," — for which serious defect,John Stoddard, of Northampton, legist, capitalist,colonel of militia, and " Superintendent of Defence,was probably answerable.These frontier forts were,however, often placed on low ground with a view toan abundant supply of water, fire being the mostdreaded enemy inIndian warfare.''^1 Rigaud erroneously makes the garrison a little larger. " Lagarnison se trouve de 24 hommes, entre lesquels il y avoit unrainistre, 3 femmes, et 5 enfans." The names and residence of allthe men in the fort when the attack began are preserved. Hawksmade his report to the provincial government under the title " AnAccount of the Company in his Majesty's Service under the comviand ofSer(j{ John Hawks . . . at Fort Massachusetts, August 20 [31, new style],1746." The roll is attested on oath " Before William "Williams,Jiist. Pads." The number of men is 22, including Hawks andNorton. Each man brought his own gun. I am indebted to thekindness of Professor A. L. Perry for a copy of Hawks's report,which is addressed to " the Honble. Spencer Phipps, Esq., Lieut.Gov": and Commander in Chief [and] the Hon^.'® his Majesty's Counciland House of Representatives in General Court assembled."2 When I visited the place as a college student, no trace of thefort was to be seen except a hollow, which may have been the
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o-^ r\ TT'O" - 'IGIFT OFSEELEY W. M
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Eight Copies of the Edition de Luxe
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Charles de Beauharnois.
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Copyright, 1892,By Francis Parkman.
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viLOUISBOURG TAICEN.A Rash Resoluti
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LISTOF ILLUSTRATIONS.VOLUME TWO.Mar
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A HALF-CENTURY OF CONFLICT.CHAPTER
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1717-1723.] CHARLEVOIX. 6and questi
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1728-1731.] THE SIOUX MISSION. 7yea
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1728.] VARENNES DE LA VlfiRENDRYE.
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1731.] LA VJ^RENDRYE'S ENTERPRISE.
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^1740.] DISASTERS. 13the Woods, mur
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1737, 1738.] FRUITLESS INQUIRIES. 1
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221739.] THE MANDANS. 17caught. Thi
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1740.] ADVENTURES OF THE EXPLORERS.
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;1742.] THE MANDAN VILLAGE. 21Thus,
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)-^^.\^^•m.
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2-1 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1742.t
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26 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1742.th
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28 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1742.dr
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30 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1743.of
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32 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1743.th
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34 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1743.ha
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36 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1746-17
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^38 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1750.m
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;40 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC. [1751.a
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42 SEARCH FOR THE PACIFIC, [1761.of
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CHAPTER XVII.1700-1750.THE CHAIN OF
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46 THE CHAIN OF POSTS. [1720.that o
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48 THE CHAIN OF POSTS. [1720.would
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50 THE CHAIN OF POSTS. [1723.they w
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62 THE CHAIN OF POSTS. [1717-1720.F
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^54 THE CHAIN OF POSTS. [1727-1736.
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56 THE CHAIN OF POSTS. [1730, 1731.
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68 THE CHAIN OF POSTS. [1731-1750.d
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60 A MAD SCHEME. [1744.News of the
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62 A MAD SCHEME. [1744.Mascarene ha
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64 A MAD SCHEME. [1744.heads to wak
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66 A MAD SCHEME. [1744,1745.doubly
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68 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.says that he
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70 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.prise was di
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72 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.Government,
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' ovi/fi^ht. iSaj by ZUi2e_ Brown.
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74 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.of October.
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;76 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.thirty-two
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78 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.unknown to V
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^ "Lord and Saviour there preached
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82 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.lieutenant-g
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84 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.to the provi
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86 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.even should
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88 A MAD SCHEME. [1745.While this i
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CHAPTER XIX.1745.LOUISBOURGBESIEGED
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92 LOUISBOURG BESIEGED. [1745.in th
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94 LOUISBOURG BESIEGED. [1745.nine
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1745.] DEFENCES OF LOUISBOURG. 95si
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1745.] THE LANDING. 97It was about
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^:1745.] THE GRAND BATTERY ABANDONE
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1745.] FRENCH CANNON. 101he got a l
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1745.] THE NEW ENGLAND CAMP. 103of
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1745.] HARDIHOOD OF THE BESIEGERS.
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^1745.] IRREGULAR OPERATIONS. 107an
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1745.] AMATEUR GUNNERY. 109favorite
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1745.] RESULT OF THE FIRE. IllThe f
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1745.] RELIGIOUS ZEAL. 113truant di
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1745.] THE BURDENS OF COMMAND. 115c
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;CHAPTER XX.1745.LOUISBOUEG TAKEN.A
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1745.] THE ATTACK. 119are at work m
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1745.] THE ATTACK. 121the folly to
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1745.] THE "VIGILANT" CAPTURED. 123
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;1745.] MAISONFORT'S LETTER. 125gua
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1745.] WARREN AND PEPPERRELL. 127In
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1745.] EFFECT OF THE ENGLISH FIRE.
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1745.] CAPITULATION. 131Warren was
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1745.] SURRENDER. 133as the conditi
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1745.] PARSON MOODY. 135would "soon
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1745.] DISORDERS. 137"A great Noys
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—1745.] ARIklY AND NAVY. 139been
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1745.] NEWS OF THE VICTORY. 141prec
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;1745.] PROVINCIAL OUTLAYS REPAID.
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CHAPTER XXL1745-1747.DUG D'ANVILLE.
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1745.] MUTINOUS MILITIA. 147Louisbo
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1745.] STEPHEN WILLIAMS. 149ity,
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1745, 1746.] SHIRLEY'S SCHEMES. 151
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Duke of Newcastle.
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^1746.] ALARM IN CANADA. 153Pennsyl
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1746, 1747.] BROKEN PROMISES. 155wi
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^1746.] D'ANVILLE'S FLEET. 157crowd
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1746.] D'ANVILLE'S DISASTERS. 159du
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1746.] THE FLEET AT CHIBUCTO. 161th
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1746.] DEATH OF THE VICE-ADMIRAL. 1
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1746.] A LAST EFFORT. 165the result
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" ^1746.] THE STORY OF "LA PALME."
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CHAPTER XXII.1745-1747.ACADIAN CONF
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1745, 1746.] ACADIAN DILEMMA. 171Br
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;1745,1746.] THE ACADIANS. 173fires
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1745,1747.] THE ACADIANS. 175not su
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1745-1747.] SHIRLEY AND THE ACADIAN
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1745-1747.] SHIRLEY'S PLANS. 179the
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1746,1747.] DANGER OF THE PROVINCE.
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1746,1747.] NOBLE AT GRAND PRE. 183
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Saint-Lu£ de la Come.
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;1747.] A BOLD ENTERPRISE. 185reduc
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1747.] A WINTER MARCH. 187On the ne
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1747.] A WINTER MARCH. 189BoisWbert
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1747.] PLAN OF ATTACK. 191party was
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1747.] DEATH OF NOBLE. 193"Friends,
Page 233: Daniel Hyacinthe Marie Lienard de B
Page 238 and 239: "196 ACADIAN CONFLICTS. [1747.when
Page 240 and 241: 198 ACADIAN CONFLICTS. [1747.about
Page 242 and 243: 200 ACADIAN CONFLICTS. [1747.La Cor
Page 244 and 245: ^202 ACADIAN CONFLICTS, [1747.They
Page 246 and 247: 204 ACADIAN CONFLICTS. [1747.gave r
Page 248 and 249: 206 WAR AND POLITICS. [1740-1747.th
Page 250 and 251: ;208 WAR AND POLITICS. [1745-1747.a
Page 252 and 253: 210 WAR AND POLITICS. [1745-1747.Th
Page 254 and 255: 212 WAR AND POLITICS. [1746-1748.ge
Page 256 and 257: 214 WAR AND POLITICS. [1746.frontie
Page 258 and 259: 216 WAR AND POLITICS. [1746.charred
Page 260 and 261: 218 WAR AND POLITICS. [1740-1746.le
Page 262 and 263: 220 WAR AND POLITICS. [1743-1748.of
Page 264 and 265: 222 WAR AND POLITICS. [1747.— whi
Page 266 and 267: 224 WAR AND POLITICS. [1747.or trun
Page 268 and 269: 226 WAR AND POLITICS. [1747.Wisely
Page 270 and 271: 228 WAR AND POLITICS. [1747.had but
Page 272 and 273: CHAPTER XXIV.1745-1748.FORT MASSACH
Page 274 and 275: 232 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1745, 1746
Page 276 and 277: ;234 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.Appe
Page 278 and 279: 236 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.was i
Page 280 and 281: ^238 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.De M
Page 282 and 283: —:240 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.c
Page 286 and 287: 244 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.Serge
Page 288 and 289: 246 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.cloud
Page 290 and 291: 248 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.able
Page 292 and 293: 250 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.them
Page 294 and 295: 252 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746.had g
Page 296 and 297: 254 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1746."Rive
Page 298 and 299: 256 FORT MASSACHUSETTS. [1748.tendi
Page 300 and 301: 258 APPENDIX.tra toujours jusqu'a c
Page 302 and 303: 260 APPENDIX.L'Acadie, Etechemains
Page 304 and 305: 262 APPENDIX." 2° Pour etre en Eta
Page 306 and 307: 264 APPENDIX.meme on perd ce que L'
Page 308 and 309: 266 APPENDIX.pez, ou bien leur rend
Page 310 and 311: 268 APPENDIX." 2° Que les Anglois
Page 312 and 313: 270 APPENDIX.Reponsb." Non parce qu
Page 314 and 315: 272 APPENDIX.dela de ces 20 lieues
Page 316 and 317: 274 APPENDIX.a sa signature En la d
Page 318 and 319: 276 APPENDIX.menter quelques autres
Page 320 and 321: :278 APPENDIX.les regies. On en a d
Page 322 and 323: 280 APPENDIX." Le dix-huit nous vim
Page 324 and 325: 282 APPENDIX.tout ce que les intere
Page 326 and 327: 284 APPENDIX.du six an sept, fut ta
Page 328 and 329: 286 APPENDIX." A fin de reussir d'u
Page 330 and 331: 288 APPENDIX.et drivait vers la par
Page 332 and 333: 290 APPENDIX.etoient les plus proch
Page 334 and 335:
292 APPENDIX." Depuis la retraite d
Page 336 and 337:
294 APPENDIX." Comme ils finissaien
Page 338 and 339:
296 APPENDIX.mon maitre m'ayant con
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298 APPENDIX."L'ennemy s'etant empa
Page 342 and 343:
300 APPENDIX.ete repousses deux foi
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302 APPENDIX.battoit le flanc droit
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304 APPENDIX." Les ennemis ayant to
Page 348 and 349:
306 APPENDIX.bloquoient le port, Ce
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308 APPENDIX.a monsieur Verrier, in
Page 352 and 353:
310 APPENDIX.leur embarquement pour
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312 APPENDIX." II ^toit colonel gen
Page 356 and 357:
314 APPENDIX.Artillery in three wee
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;316 APPENDIX.with Stores from Cana
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318 APPENDIX.fair way of being serv
Page 362 and 363:
320 APPENDIX.Shirley to Newcastle,
Page 364 and 365:
;322 APPENDIX.Shirley to Newcastle,
Page 366 and 367:
324 APPENDIX.great measure become t
Page 368 and 369:
326 APPENDIX.tents of which are con
Page 370 and 371:
328 APPENDIX.I sent an Express Boat
Page 372 and 373:
330 APPENDIX.Shiblet to Newcastle,
Page 374 and 375:
332 APPENDIX.increas'd at Menis; th
Page 376 and 377:
334 APPENDIX.goes to England in the
Page 378 and 379:
336 APPENDIX."As the Sentiments, wh
Page 380 and 381:
338 APPENDIX.ofUtrecht, and making
Page 382 and 383:
340 APPENDIX.live without the Walls
Page 384 and 385:
342 APPENDIX.iSTorthern Colonies, t
Page 386 and 387:
344 APPENDIX.habitants ofSchiegnect
Page 388 and 389:
346 APPENDIX.oners just Arriv'd fro
Page 390 and 391:
348 APPENDIX.Newcastle to Shirley,
Page 392 and 393:
350 APPENDIX.Majesty's Commands con
Page 394 and 395:
352 APPENDIX.Shirley to Newcastle,
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354 APPENDIX.mand of the late Lieut
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856 APPENDIX.Government in it, & th
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INDEX.
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;;.362 INDEX.English rivals for, i.
Page 406 and 407:
364 INDEX.i. 252 ; the interview wi
Page 408 and 409:
;366 INDEX.Bieuville, Le Moyne de,
Page 410 and 411:
.368 INDEX.Bruyas, the Jesuit, i. 1
Page 412 and 413:
;370 INDEX.son, i. 141 ; on the pes
Page 414 and 415:
;372 INDEX.Covenanters, the, i. 193
Page 416 and 417:
;374 INDEX.enemy begs for mercy, i.
Page 418 and 419:
;;376 INDEX.except those France may
Page 420 and 421:
378 INDEX.French of Acadia, the, tr
Page 422 and 423:
;;380 INDEX.Guillanme le Sincbre, i
Page 424 and 425:
;382 INDEX.colony in Louisiana, i.
Page 426 and 427:
384 INDEX.Kalm, the Swedish natural
Page 428 and 429:
ii. 167.La Perelle, ii. 132, 303.La
Page 430 and 431:
;;388 INDEX.Littlefield, Edmund, ho
Page 432 and 433:
;,;390 INDEX.Mandans, the, ii. 15 ;
Page 434 and 435:
;892 INDEX.Maurepas, Count de, memo
Page 436 and 437:
;;394 INDEX.Morpain, Captain, oppos
Page 438 and 439:
;;396 INDEX.to allow the French to
Page 440 and 441:
;398 INDEX.Ouacos, the, i. 357.Ousl
Page 442 and 443:
;400 INDEX.Colonel March attacks, i
Page 444 and 445:
;402 INDEX.Protestants, the, exclud
Page 446 and 447:
;404 INDEX.Ei
Page 448 and 449:
;St. Paul's Bay, i. 25.St, Peter, I
Page 450 and 451:
;;408 INDEX.orderin Lonisbourg, ii.
Page 452 and 453:
;410 INDEX.between the " Bastonnais
Page 454 and 455:
;412 INDEX.Olson's camp, i. 143 ; P
Page 456 and 457:
;414 INDEX.49 ; attacked by the Fre
Page 458:
416 INDEX.Woods, Sergeant, withLove
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