Food and nutrition.pdf

Meal Planning 167• RDIs for energy, protein, calcium, Thiamine (Bl), Riboflavin (B2)and Niacin increases as age increases.• RDIs for Vitamin C, folic acid, Vitamin B12, Vitamin A remainsunchanged.• Iron absorption is more in case of girls.Meal Planning for AdolescentsPersons in the age group of 13 to 18 years are called as adolescents.During this period, major physical, mental and emotional changes takesplace. This is a period of rapid phytsical growth. Trere will be sharpincrease in height and weight. Growth and development of skeletal systemand muscular system.Muscles and bones increase in size and strength. Heart, lungs, stomachand kidneys attain their final adult size and level of functioning. Therewill be an increase in blood volume. Functional capacity of respiratory,digestive and circulatory system increases. Sexual characters will appear.Functioning of reproductive system starts. The changes in the bodystructure and functioning is guided by harmones, Androgens in malesand Oestrogens in females.It is a period of physiological stress for the body, because of theextremely rapid rate of growth. Diet plays a crucial role in promoting andsustaining growth. This is the last chance to chatch up growth. Pregnancyduring adolescence increases the demand for nutrients.Nutients• Energy giving• Protein• Iron• CalciumPoints to be considered while planning meals for Adolescents.• Be careful about dieting, weight reducing technique.• Avoid over-eating.• Exercise is the remedy for over weight.Meal Planning for AdultsPersons more than 20 years old are called as adults.Growth in terms of body size is completed.Nutritional needs is for maintainance of body functions. There willbe a gradual and progressive change in body functioning. Breakdown oftissue increases, renewla of worn out tissue decreases.In case of young adult, body has the capacity to replace the worn outtissues.