Food and nutrition.pdf

164 Meal PlanningMEAL PLANNING FOR VARIOUS AGE GROUPS IS GIVEN BELOW.Meal Planning for InfantsChild below 1 year is reffered as infant.Breast milk only is sufficient during the first 4 months.A thich yellowish coloured liquid oozes out of the breast after 1 to 3days of child birth. Colostrum is having life aving properties such asantibodies, and has high concentration of WBCs.A child weighs 2.5 kg to 3.0 kgs at birth. The child will attain 3 timesthe birth weight by 1 year i.e 7.5 to 9 kgs. The height of the child at birthwill be 50 cms. The child grows to a height of 75 cms by 1 year.Infancy is the period of intense growth and development. Weight gainis the best indication of child's growth.Muscles grow in size and strength.Brain, kidneys, digestive system improves in their functional capacity.RDI for energy, protein, iron and B Vitamins are given in terms ofper kg body weight.In case of adults, energy requirement is 40 Cal/Kg of body weight.In case of infants it is 108 Cal/Kg of body weight.In case of adults protein requirement is 1 gram per Kg of body weight.In case of infants it is 2.05 gram/Kg of body weight.Nutrients Required for Infants• Energy giving• Proteins• Calcium• Iron• Vitamin A• Vitamin CBreast milk is available to the infant, after 3 to 4 days after birth.Breast milk is most nutritious and balanced food for the baby.IIntroduce supplementary foods after 4 months.Comparisvn of Nutrients in Various Milk/1 00 mlMilk Energy Protein Fats Carbohydrates Calcium(K Cals) (Grams) (Grams) (Grams) (mg)Human 65 1.1 3.4 7.4 28Cow'Milk 67 3.2 4.1 4.4 120Ass's Milk 48 2.1 1.5 6.5 80Buffalo's Milk 117 4.3 6.5 5.0 210Goat's Milk 72 3.3 4.5 4.6 170