Mid-term-exam-review

Mid-term exam study guideWorld History IIAbsolutism1. What is meant by divine right of kings?2. What country did Peter the Great rule?3. What is westernization? Why did Peter the Great want to “westernize” his country?4. What was Louis XIV trying to do when he built the palace at Versailles?English Revolutions1. What or who was brought back to England during the Restoration?2. Who came to power during the Glorious Revolution? After the Glorious Revolution, who had more authorityin England—the monarch or Parliament? What document was signed at this time that made Englanda constitutional monarchy?Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment1. What is the Heliocentric Theory? Know the importance of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo.2. Which Enlightenment philosopher believed that man is violent and that governments need to be absolutemonarchies (strong central governments) in order to maintain control?3. Which Enlightenment philosopher influenced the Declaration of Independence? The U.S. Constitution?The U.S. Bill of Rights? Know exactly how these people influenced these documents.4. What is meant by “separation of powers”, “life, liberty, and property”, the right to “alter or abolish unfairgovernments”, and “government by consent of the governed”?5. Who are Bach and Mozart?French Revolution, Napoleon, and the Congress of Vienna1. What event is the immediate cause of the French Revolution?2. During the Reign of Terror, what was Robespierre trying to accomplish?3. How did the French Revolution affect the rest of Europe?4. Who came to power at the end of the French Revolution?5. Napoleon introduced his Napoleonic Code to those areas he conquered. What is it? Why is this important?6. Why was the Congress of Vienna held? What did the leaders of the Congress of Vienna want to accomplish?7. What is meant by “balance of power”? Why did the Congress of Vienna want this situation?Unification of Italy and Germany1. Who is responsible for the unification of Germany? What is meant by “realpolitik”?2. Why is the Franco-Prussian War important in the process of the unification of Germany?3. Who was responsible for the unification of Italy?Independence movements1. What did Toussaint L’Ouverture, Simon Bolivar, and Miguel Hidalgo do? What philosophy influencedtheir revolutions?2. What is the Monroe Doctrine and how did it affect Latin America?Industrial Revolution and Imperialism1. How did the location of where people live change during the Industrial Revolution?2. What is the domestic system or cottage industries?3. What was the most important source of power during the Industrial Revolution of the 1800s?4. Which Industry was the first to mechanize? Where did the Industrial Revolution start?5. What was the British Enclosure Movement? Why was it important to the Industrial Revolution?

Industrial Revolution and Imperialism (cont.)6. What did James Watt invent or create? Louis Pasteur? Eli Whitney?7. How did the invention of the cotton gin affect slavery in the U.S.?8. During the 1800s, how were the working conditions for most factory or mine workers? Which groups ofpeople worked in these places?9. Why were labor unions formed?10. Know what is meant by capitalism? Know what is meant by socialism/communism? Who is Karl Marx?11. Why did European nations turn to imperialism during the 1800s? How did imperialism promotecompetition among European nations? How did imperialist nations feel about non-European cultures?How did imperialism promote the westernization of Asia and Africa? What is meant by “the white man’sburden”?12. What happened to China during the Age of Imperialism?13. India was a colony of which European nation?14. What two bodies of water are connected by the Suez Canal? In which country is the Suez Canal located?15. Where were the Chinese Boxers trying to accomplish during the Boxer Rebellion?16. Which country forced Japan to open up to trade in 1853?World Religions1. Nirvana, the Four Noble Truths, and the Eightfold Path are associated with which religion?2. In which religion do you find dharma and karma? What is meant by these terms?Renaissance1. How did the moveable type printing press help spread both Renaissance and Reformation ideas?2. What is humanism?3. Study the religions world map. Know where each of the 5 major religions can be found.Reformation1. Who started the Reformation? How and where?2. What did the Edict of Nantes do in France?3. Why did England separate from the Catholic Church? What church was eventually formed in England?4. What are the 3 important beliefs of Martin Luther that differed from the Catholic Church?5. Why did Europe have so many religious wars during the period of the Reformation?Age of Exploration1. What happened to many of the indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere when they firstmet European explorers or conquerors?2. What is the Commercial Revolution? During the Age of Exploration, what kind of economic systemwas developed?3. What religion was introduced into northern India when the Mughals conquered the area andbuilt their empire?4. What kind of social class system did the Spanish impose on their colonies in the Western Hemisphere?5. What is mercantilism? Know what is meant by triangular trade.6. Be able to locate on a map: Aztec Empire, Inca Empire7. Who conquered the Aztecs? The Incas?8. Know the location of the important trading centers of colonial Latin America: Havana, Mexico City, Lima,Sao Paulo, and Buenos Aires.