Strategies of the Development of Entrepreneurship and SME

• Regional development, promoting balanced development by channeling resources todisadvantaged regions and weak sectors;• Supply chain development, offering specialized components and creating spin-offs,through linkages with key manufactures, facilitating the downsizing of big industrialfirms;• Internationalization, supporting foreign companies willing to enter the local market inpartnership with local businesses, or using the BI as a basis for exporting to thirdmarkets;• Specialized development addressing specific industrial sectors.Industrial and technology parks are relatively new concept in Romania. TheGovernmental Decision 65 as of 30 August 2001 sets the administrative framework for theestablishment and functioning of industrial parks, while the Governmental Decision 14 as of 24January 2002 rules the establishment of industrial and technology parks. The decision statesthat industrial park infrastructure can be created as independent business and they can receivefinancial support either from local public administrations or from Governmental authorities.Responsibility for choosing the most suitable location, establishing and developing the industrialpark is with the company that is administering the park. Tax rate deductions are applicable tothe amount of profit, in order to promote the creation of new infrastructures or to expand theexisting ones.By supporting the creation of this infrastructure the government aims at:ˆ Creating new job opportunities,ˆ Attracting more free direct investment,ˆ Creating knowledge based society.The Ministry of Administration and Internal Affairs officially registered 30 industrialparks, and the full list is enclosed to this publication as an Annex E. Few of them areoperational, and most of them are working well below their capacity. The functioning parkshoused on average 18 companies within their premises, out of which 98% are SMEs. Most ofcompanies located in industrial parks belong to the manufacturing sector, while firms in serviceand trade sector take a smaller share.All industrial parks provide modular and functional space, and most of them providesecurity, cleaning, meeting room and office services. Some of them also provide businessadvisory services. It is remarkable that only two parks have technically equipped laboratoriesthat are usually available in technology parks.The geographical distribution of industrial parks follows an inverse pattern than thoseobserved for business incubators. Indeed, industrial parks, being mainly driven by privatesector investment, tend to locate in wealthier area of the country close to big industrial hubwhere foreign direct investments also prosper.The Government is continuously promoting the concept of Industrial parks. Its decision(GD) No. 406/2003 is concerning the approval of specific methodological rule about constitute,function, methods of evaluation and accredit entities from innovation infrastructure andtechnological transfer, also about the method of sustaining them. The GD No. 128/2004 isconcerning the approval of National Plan “The Development of innovation infrastructure andtechnological transfer – INFRATECH”. In 2004. was adopted GD no. 1232/2004 for approval theProtocol between NASMEC Romania and United Nation Program regarding National multiannualprogram for setting up and development of technological and business incubatorsduring 2002 – 2005. The procedure of implementing the program was approved by thePresident Order of NAMSEC (PONAMSEC) no. 215/2004 and completed with PONAMSEC nr.197/2005. In 27. July 2005. the program was official roll on by the State Minister forcoordinating the activities of business environment and SMEs, NAMSEC, UN Development51