Strategies of the Development of Entrepreneurship and SME

small size enterprise or micro enterprise terms. Moreover, in 2001, the Law on TechnologyDevelopment Zones (TDZ) was put into effect with the aim of supporting technology-basedenterprises, developing cooperation between universities and the industry, and facilitating thespread of technology. In order to encourage investments, and increase foreign capital inflow,the Law Amending the Law of Industrial Zones and the Law of Organized Industrial Zones wasput into effect in 2002. Law No: 5084 on Encouragement of Investments and Employment andAmendment of Certain Laws was put in force in 2004 to encourage investment andemployment in the least developed regions via tax and social security incentives, energysupport and free-of-charge land allocation. The foreign direct investment Law No. 4875, whichhas been in force since 2003, emphasizes the key elements of the liberal investmentenvironment in Turkey, and represents “legal guide” to international investors about theirrights and obligations. Since all companies established in Turkey within the framework of theTurkish Commercial Code are considered Turkish companies, all duties and responsibilities arethe same, regardless of the nature of the capital structure of the company. Decree onOrganization and Duties of Turkish Patent Institute in 2003, Certain Laws in 2004, Protection ofthe Integrated Circuit Topography in 2004, Trademark Convention in 2004, The HagueConvention on International Registration of Industrial Design in 2004, Amending CertainDecrees in 2004, Approval of Participation to the WIPO Performance and Phonograms Treaty in2007, WIPO Copyrights Treaty in 2007 aimed to provide adjustment with WIPO and strengthenIPR system in Turkey. Furthermore, some of the recent important policy documents arepresented below in Table 30.Recent Important DocumentsTable 30.DocumentNinthDevelopmentPlan (2007-2013)KOBI Strategyand Action PlanMedium-TermProgram (2006-2008)PublicationYear200620032006Vision 2023 2005Type ofDocumentConsultativedocumentOfficialGovernmentReportConsultativeDocumentStrategyDocumentShort ExplanationCover all main targets of Turkey,including SMEs and establish aframeworkTargets of support mechanisms andthe planned actions of variousinstitutions to strengthen SMEfunctions had been clearly definedThe main objective for enterprises isto enhance their technologicalcapability, ensure their adaptabilityto changing conditions andcompetitiveness both in domesticand global markets.Turkish National TechnologyForesight Program130