Annual Report 2009-10 - Sustainable Development Policy Institute

Annual Report2009 - 2010Annual ReportHeading2009 - 2010Sustainable Development Policy Institute1S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronicor mechanical, including photocopying, recording or information storage and retrieval system, without priorwritten permission of the publisher.A publication of the Sustainable development Policy Institute (SDPI)Sustainable Development Policy Institute is an independent, non-profit research institute on sustainable development.© 2010 by the Sustainable Development Policy InstituteAcknowledgment: The compilation of this report would not have been possible without the input, feedback andguidance from colleagues at the institute.Compiled by:Edited by:Photographs:Design Concept:Designed & Printed by:Afshan Ahmed and Ayesha SalmanAyesha SalmanMehmood A. Khwaja, Asif Mehmood, Mome Salim and Afshan AhmedNasir KhanARSHA2S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010ContentsAbbreviations 4Message from the Chair man Board of Governors 7Message from the Executive Director 8Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) and the International DevelopmentResearch Centre ( IDRC) Forge a Fruitful Partnership 10Organogram 11About SDPI 12Survey MAP 13Research Projects 14Striving for a Sustainable Environment 15Food Security 21The Energy Crisis: Sustainable Solutions 25Gender Justice 27Human Development: Enlightenment through Erudition 32Sustainable Livelihoods 34Globalization: A New Road to Sustainable Development 35Regional Integration 38Primary Data Collection 39Peace and Security: Hope in the Face of Adversity 41Situation Analysis 42Communication and Policy Outreach 43Advocacy 44Sustainable Development Conference 53SDPI Centre for Capacity Building 59Support Functions 63Resource Centre 64Management Information System 65Admin and Finance 65Human Resource Centre 65Annexures 65Board of Governors 66SDPI Partner Organizations 67List of Publications 70SDPI Seminars 71CCB Training Calendar for the Year 2010 80The SDPI Family 81Articles Written by SDPI Staff 84Auditor’s Report 853S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010AbbreviationsABTACACETAEDBAHDAJKAPFEDARTBBCBEFAReBSIBUPCANSACAPCBOsCCBCDACEOCHEFCIDACPDICSOsCUTSDDTDFIDDGEAWAGEIAEPAFAOFATAFBSFESFGDFPFSAGACGBGCGHGGIPGTZHBSHDFHECHRCPHWTSIBAICIICTIDPsIDRCIHIILOABT Associates, USAActivated CharcoalAustralian Centre for Education and TrainingAlternative energy Development BoardAssociation for Humanitarian DevelopmentAzad Jammu and KashmirPacific Forum for Environment and DevelopmentAgroscope Reckenholz TänikonBritish Broadcasting CorporationBasic Education for Awareness Reforms and Empowerment/Basic Educationfor Afghan RefugeesBlacksmith InstituteBangladesh Unnayan ParishadClimate Action Network South AsiaCommunity Action ProgramCommunity Based OrganizationsCentre for Capacity BuildingCapital Development AuthorityChief Executive OfficerComprehensive Health and Education ForumCanadian International Development AgencyCentre for Peace and Development InitiativeCivil Society OrganizationsConsumer Unit and Trust SocietyDichlorodiphenyltrichloroethaneDepartment for International DevelopmentDirector GeneralSwiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and TechnologyEnvironment Impact AssessmentEnvironmental Protection AgencyFood and Agriculture OrganizationFederally Administered Tribal AreasFederal Bureau of StatisticsFrederick-Ebert-StiftungFocus Group DiscussionFamily PlanningFood Security AnalysisGranulated Activated CharcoalGilgit BaltistanGovernment CollegeGreen House GasGlobal Inventory ProjectDeutsche Gesellschaft für Technische ZusammenarbeitHeinrich Böll StiftungHuman Development FoundationHigher Education CommissionHuman Rights Commission of PakistanHousehold Water TreatmentsInstitute of Business AdministrationImperial Chemical IndustriesInformation and Communications TechnologyInternally Displaced PersonsInternational Development Research CentreInsani Haqooq IttehadInternational Labor Organization4S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010SDCSDPDSMARTSNSFSODISSPOSRSOSRSPSZABISTUCBPRPUcsUKUNUNDPUNEPUNESCOUNHCRUSAUSAIDVATVAWWAPWFCLWHOWWFSwiss agency for Development and CooperationStrengthening Democracy through Parliamentary DevelopmentSelf Monitoring and Reporting ToolSwitzerland National Science FoundationSolar water DisinfectionStrengthening Participatory Organizationsindh Rural Support OrganizationSarhad Rural Support ProgramShaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and TechnologyUnion Council Based Poverty Reduction ProgramUnion CouncilsUnited KingdomUnited NationsUnited Nations Development ProgrammeUnited Nations Environment ProgrammeUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUnited Nations Higher Commissioner for RefugeesUnited States of AmericaUnited States Agency for International DevelopmentValue Added TaxViolence against WomenWomen Action for PeaceWorst Form of Child LaborWorld Health OrganizationWorld Wildlife Fund6S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Message from the Chairman Board of GovernorsSince its inception in 1992, the Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI) has played a leading role in providing actionable policy researchin the fields of climate change, conflict management, peace and sustainabledevelopment. It has been vigorous in providing policy advice to thegovernment of Pakistan and through advocacy campaigns engaging civilsociety on these issues.SDPI has also been in the forefront as an independent nongovernmental,non-profit policy think tank in initiating policy dialogues,raising awareness and in engaging civil society on issues of minority rights; gender mainstreaming, curriculum reform, post conflict disaster management, sustaining democracy andpromoting peace and development. Changing dynamics of politico-economic environment in thecountry and the region during this decade did have an impact on the ability of SDPI to build astable financial support base. In the past few years SDPI has been struggling to secure its fundingand that impaired its human resource base. However, it is heartening to note that throughteam work, dedication, self-sacrifice and commitment of purpose the SDPI has shown enormousresilience. Earlier this year through a competitive process the SDPI team of professionalshas won a multi- year IDRC grant. The year 2011 could be a defining year for the SDPI as theIDRC grant has opened up a window of opportunity to re-furbish its human resource base andcontribute towards producing innovating solutions and cutting edge quality research in the areasgiven in its mandate. The SDPI should be thinking of the decade ahead and keep an eye on theyear 2012 when it completes twenty years, now is the time for agenda setting and choosing areasof future research and a plan of action. The SDPI is poised to re-invigorate its mission andpursue goals that could alter the direction of policy process and contribute towards promoting aculture of evidence based research and policy debate in the country. The kind of spirit and dedicationthat the SDPI has shown lends me to believe that it is bound to succeed and I am confidentit has a bright future as an independent think tank and provider of cutting edge policy research.Dr. Saeed ShafqatChairperson, Board of Governors7S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Message from the Executive DirectorWhile this report is being sent for printing we are about to say good byeto year 2010. One can say that as a nation we achieved very little onsu stainable development in 2010. The country, which had been facingthe six Fs (food, fiscal, fuel, functional democracy (read governance),frontiers (read security), and fragility of climate) challenge had to face yetanother challenge “Floods”. Floods have a multiplier effect on Pakistan'sexisting challenges and indeed one sympathizes with the government aswell as the people of Pakistan.The only point of optimism is people's resilience and courage in dealing with these natural andman made crises. This resilience is reflected at all levels and SDPI is no exception. Research isheavily underfunded both in the developed as well as the developing world. There is extremelylittle fiscal and policy maneuvering space for independent research organizations and independentresearchers in countries like Pakistan. Despite the lack of any endowment or core funding,the SDPI team kept on delivering its best.We carried out primary research in areas of food security; climate change; gender justice; sustainableindustrial development; international financial institutes and economic development inPakistan; impact of micro-credit schemes on poverty reduction; quality education; forest management;livelihood security; electricity governance; institutional arrangement for renewable energy;water and sanitation; regional trade and imagining a new South Asia etc. SDPI is a participatorymember of all of the Ministry of Environment's core groups on climate change. It is also amember of other Ministry's core groups on climate change such as the Ministry of Commerce,Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Ministry of Water and Power. In its policy development roleSDPI has actively contributed to the ongoing discourse on Green Economics', technical groups,adaptation and mitigation, climate change and food and domestic security and inter nationalboundary matters.Like always, during 2010 we again remained active in policy outreach and continued to turn ourresearch into policy recommendations. In addition to holding our weekly public seminars, specialpolicy dialogues and roundtable, conferences, and press briefings, we also served on variouspol i cy maki ng forums such as the Pl anni ng Commi ssi on's Task Forces, as wel l as Advi soryBodies, and Steering Committees of various governmental, non governmental, and bilateral projects.We were part of the official delegation to Copenhagen Climate Change negotiations aswell as Cancun Climate Change negotiations. SDPI proposes to continue its involvement in thedevelopment of dialogues and policy discourse on sustainability and takes this opportunity toboth thank and encourage all parties, who have and may have an interest in the ongoing prosperityof Pakistan to become and be actively involved.One of our colleagues, Mr. Ahmad Salim (Mohammad Salim Khawaja) was conferred the PresidentialPride of Performance Award for his literary services. All of the above mentioned (andmuch more which is not reported here) is a proof of our resilience as well as dedicated teamwork. This is what we delivered despite the worst financial crunch that SDPI in particular andindependent research organizations in general are facing in this country.Finally, I am happy to report that our hard work seems to pay off. In September 2010, after a rigorouscompetitive process, we were selected by Canada's International Development ResearchCentre (IDRC) for its Think Tank Initiative Grant. SDPI is amongst another 27 think tanks or independentpolicy research institutions, in Latin America and South Asia who would receive atotal of US$35 million to strengthen their roles as influential players in national policymaking.Each think tank will receive long-term funding, enabling them to conduct research that is fundamentalto the development of sound policy.8S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

The IDRC grant is approximately 25 percent of the annual budget for the next four years andwould definitely enable us to work on some of the unsolicited and non funded research projects,projects where SDPI team wanted to work but was not able to find a collaborator who could paythe time cost of researchers. This grant comes with a huge responsibility. SDPI, which was agoing entity concern three years ago and had anchored, is now all set to sail. We still have totake care of our chronic financial deficit (which cannot be covered under the IDRC grant) butnow there is no excuse not to deliver. For 2011, we are planning to expand our research facultiesas well as research areas. We will also work for an improved policy outreach program in additionto which we will ensure a better work environment (and remuneration package too) for ourteam members in months to come. I thank you all for your support with the promise that in 2011SDPI will have many more feathers in its cap.Annual Report2009 - 2010(Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri)Executiv e Director9S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) and theInternational Development Research Centre (IDRC)Forge a Fruitful PartnershipThe Think Tank Initiative, launched by Canada's International Development Research Centre(IDRC), has selected SDPI amongst another 27 think tanks or independent policy research institutions,in Latin America and South Asia to receive a total of US$35 million to strengthen theirroles as influential players in national policymaking. Each think tank will receive long-term funding,enabling them to conduct research that is fundamental to the development of sound policy."We believe that the support given by the Think Tank Initiative and the collaboration with otherpolicy thanks in ours and other regions of the world will help SDPI to effectively catalyze thetransition towards sustainable development, defined as the enhancement of peace, social justiceand well-being, within and across generations” says Dr Abid Qaiyum Suleri, the ExecutiveDirector of SDPI. The core funding will be instrumental to develop its inter-disciplinary researchprogrammes, strengthen partnerships and networking with various stakeholders, improve policyadvocacy and outreach, and develop modern support system for a competent research capacity."Think tanks in the developing world are in a unique position to effect change in their societies.They can strengthen public policy debates and promote more objective, evidence-based decision-making.However, most never receive predictable core funding, instead depending onshort-term project grants and consultancy contracts. This Initiative provides think tanks with stablefunding so that they can attract, retain and build local talent, develop an independent researchprogram, and invest in outreach to ensure that research results are used in policy debates.“International donors continue to invest in policy research undertaken by Western institutionsand sometimes forget that it is strong local think tanks that often generate the most effectivepolicymaking in developing countries,” says David Malone, President of Canada's InternationalDevelopment Research Centre (IDRC). Launched by IDRC, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundationand the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation in 2008, the Think Tank Initiative is a step towardsreversing this trend. It aims to support local think tanks to produce high-quality researchthat will improve policies and, ultimately, contribute to more equitable and prosperous societies.The US$35 million investment in Latin America and South Asia follows US$30 million in grantsto 24 think tanks in East and West Africa in 2009.The Initiative received over 300 proposals from a wide range of Latin American and South Asianthink tanks that focus on broad national, social, and economic policy issues. Following a thoroughand rigorous review process, 28 institutions were selected from seven countries in LatinAmerica and five countries in South Asia - Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.The Initiative's three initial funders have now been joined by the UK Department for InternationalDevelopment (DFID) and the Netherlands Directorate-General for International Cooperation(DGIS). This strengthened partnership is a concrete move toward establishing and nurturingstrong local policy research institutions that ultimately help generate smart and effective policymaking.“This is an exciting and innovative initiative. It will provide a much needed support forevidence-based research and policy on global issues such as economic growth, good governanceand citizen empowerment, which will help tackle poverty in South Asia and Latin America”says Michael Anderson, Director General for Policy and Global Issues at DFID. The Initiative isenvisioned as a long-term investment over at least 10 years. The five donors have committed atotal of about US$110 million to the program.10S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Organogram11S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010About SDPIThe Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) is an independent, public interest thinktank that provides advice to public, private, voluntary organizations, parliamentarians, academia,students, farmers, journalists and so on based on policy-oriented research and advocacy.SDPI, founded in August 1992 on the recommendation of the Pakistan National ConservationStrategy (NCS), also called Pakistan's Agenda 21, is registered as non-profit, nongovernmentalorganization under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860. The NCS outlined the need for anindependent non-profit organization to serve as a source of expertise for policy analysis and development,policy intervention, and policy program advisory services in support of sustainabledevelopment issues in the country.VisionBe the center of excellence on sustainable development policy research, capacity building andadvocacy in Pakistan.MandateTo1. conduct policy oriented research, policy advice, and advocacy from a broad interdisciplinaryperspective;2. promote the implementation of policies, programs, laws and regulations on sustainable development;3. strengthen civil society through collaboration with other organizations and activist networksand facilitate civil society-government interaction;4. strengthen democratic process through enhancing the capacity of parliamentarians on issuesrelating to sustainable development.5. contributing to good governance through carrying out third party “monitoring & evaluation”and “impact assessment” assignments for various development interventions carried in thepublic & private sector.6. disseminate research findings and public education through the media, conferences, seminars,lectures, trainings and publications;7. contribute to building national research capacity and infrastructure;8. contribute towards improving global governance in collaboration with regional and international ci vil society networks.12S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Some of the areas where survey work was conducted during2009-201013S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Research ProjectsResearch Projects14S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Striving for a Sustainable EnvironmentEnvironmental sustainability has remained a major area of focus for SDPI. In fact, SDPI wasone of the few organizations in the region that started working on needs to adapt different developmentstrategies in a changing climate back in the mid 90s. Our very first sustainable developmentconference 'Green Economy' was focused around this theme. Climate Change is a realitynow. It is perhaps the only force that can decelerate the pace of globalization. Like always, SDPIis carrying out research on climate change issues with a national, regional & global perspective.Our representatives were part of an official delegation to the Climate Change Negotiations inCopenhagen & Cancun. We have been researching on a regional approach to respond to climatechange and at the local level we studied the impact of climate change on food security &agriculture. Moreover, SDPI is a member of the Planning Commission's task force on ClimateChange.Adaptation and Climate ChangeResponding to Climate Change in PakistanPakistan has been experiencing an acute shortage of energy across all sectors and the need fora reliable cost realistic sources and distribution of energy are paramount to the development ofthe country. Pakistan currently relies disproportionately on thermal power generation from localgas fields and expensive imported oil to fuel government and privately owned power plants.Policies in place for the reduction of green house gas (GHG) emissions and the promotion ofalternative and in particular renewable energy have been reviewed along with the recently publishedGovernment sponsored Planning Commission Task force report on climate change.The research has completed a general review of the renewable forms of energy available toPakistan including, hydro, wind, biomass and biogas from wastes, solar and geothermal technologies.Hydro power both as macro and micro projects are well established and recognized aslow cost reliable sources of power in Pakistan. Solar energy has great potential for meeting theenergy needs of the country as does wind and geothermal sources. Pakistan is geographicallylocated in one of the highest solar isolation areas in the world; it is also located on a geology associatedwith geothermal activity. Wind has the potential to play an important part of the energysupply mix, with wind corridors having been identified for wind farm development. The effects ofcurrent energy sources on the poor community is part of the study with particular emphasis onhousehold air quality and how it affects women and children.The project has entered the consultation stage with stake-holders from across a wide spectrumof users, environmental groups, developers, civil society and government being approached fortheir opinions and ideas for the development of these resources. The review of the institutionalarrangements for the implementation of climate change policies is well underway with consultationbeing undertaken currently. Rationalization of and implementation of the proposed institutionalarrangements will facilitate Pakistan's ability to make use of various international fundingopportunities to develop its renewable sources for a low carbon future. The study is being supportedby Henrich Boell Stiftung (HBS).For further details contact Mr. Shakeel Ahmed Ramay. shakeel@sdpi.orgImpact of Climate Change on Crop ProductivityIn Badin fishermen have been severely affected due to the receding water in the river and increasedsaline water. The number of fish caught by these fishermen has drastically diminishedmoreover vanishing fish species have resulted in a decreased income for the farmers. Some ofthe small farmers have been forced to leave their profession and look for other ways of generatingincome. The fishermen lack other skills and ultimately they fail to secure sufficient food fortheir families. Being a coastal area of the Arabian Sea, Badin has been hit by the floods and the15S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010intensity and frequency of the floods is increasing with time increasingly affecting livelihood ofthe local residents. In the mountainous region of Gilgit, increased frost in the fields and meltingglaciers are becoming impediments in the yield of crops making marginalised and small farmersvulnerable to food security.Decreased livestock, production of crops and decreased numbers of fish resulting from catastrophessuch as the floods have resulted in poverty and have attributed to the loss of livestock andcrops during these calamities. On the contrary there has been no planning at the policy level tohelp these people adapt to the changing climate thus making survival difficult for them. Farmerssuggest that training based on adoption of climate friendly technologies & use of climate changeresistant seeds can help alleviate the problem of poverty.The study “Impact of Climate Change and food security on poverty” in Pakistan is being conductedby SDPI in collaboration with the Consumer Unity and Trust Society (CUTS International).SDPI with its nation wide established network and skills in the field of research is facilitatingin data collection and data management of the information gathered from three of theeleven agro ecological zones in Pakistan. The three agro ecological zones include Badin, Bahawalpurand Gilgit selected on the basis of the difference in geographical features, climate andagricultural practices thus presenting a difference in the resultant impact of climate change onindigenous agriculture, food security and livelihood. The study will enhance an understanding ofthe impact that climate change has / could have on agriculture, so that required measures canbe taken to raise awareness and suggest measures for coping with climate change inducedproblems.The first round of the study entailed a survey of small and marginal farmers, and fishermen,whose livelihoods are highly dependent on natural resources and local climatic conditions. Itaimed at understanding their perceptions about climate change and its occurrence, and the impacton their incomes and food security. The second round encompassed a survey of professionalsstudying issues of climate change, either through scientific tools of measurement andobservation or through their work on communities affected by climate change. The overall objectiveis to aggregate the perceptions of these stakeholders, both national and international, andestablish the impact of climate change on agriculture, fisheries, and livestock.For further details contact Ms. Mome Salim. mome@sdpi.orgClimate Change Adaptation: Improving Environment through Reduction in Wood Cuttingand Remission in Green House Gases through Fuel Efficient TechnologiesSDPI is one of the partner organizations of the Asia Pacific Forum for Environment and Development(APFED), Japan, and is supporting the above mentioned as one of the ten "ShowCase" projects, from over 1000 projects submitted from Asia Pacifc region for 2009 -10. Theproject is being implemented by NIDA-Pakistan; a national non-government organization basedin Kohistan. The main objectives of the project are to raise awareness through social mobilizationand training in the communities and schools on protection of environmental health and climatechange, introducing fuel and energy efficient technologies i.e. smokeless stove in 20 villagesto improve the livelihood and environmental conditions of the communities and to distributeindustrial made stoves in the poorest and most vulnerable communities.With the support of local elders, NIDA Pak. has already constituted village based local communitycommittees in selected villages in Dasu, Palas and Pattan tehsils of District Kohistan, for theimplementation of project activities. Advocacy and awareness raising workshops are being heldto introduce energy efficient technologies (smokeless stoves & solar dryers) to minimize woodcutting to save forests. Appropriate messages to save forests, protection of the environment anduse of fuel efficiency stoves are also inscribed on road side rocks along the Pak-China friendshiphighway. Training of local blacksmiths is also in progress to manufacture low cost fuel efficientstoves workshops.For further details contact Dr. Mahmood Khwaja. khwaja@sdpi.org16S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Climate Change Policies and Institutional ArrangementsClimate change impacts are evident in Pakistan as it faces multiple threats including adverseimpacts on the mainstay of economy i.e. Agriculture, depleting sources of water such aschanges in the reliability, frequency and hydrological yield of the monsoon and melting of theglaciers, which are the mainstay and provide the base flow for the rest of Pakistan. Sea levelrise in coastal areas of Pakistan pose a real threat to the livelihoods and the effects of changingtidal patterns especially in regard to spring tides. The increased frequency and intensity ofdroughts leading to drastic impacts on agriculture and livestock production. Studies in the recentpast have shown the trend towards diminishing crops and their changing patterns most likelyleading to greater food insecurity in Pakistan. Potential impacts on the Health of the people of ,climate refuges, wide spread of disease and pests, loss of biodiversity etc would be other areasof major concern for Pakistan.Despite the pertinent need for responding to climate change, the current policy framework andits implementation to address climate change in Pakistan fails to comprehensively tackle the issue.However, it is encouraging that the Government of Pakistan has taken some steps to addressclimate change. Pakistan is currently working on a series of policy responses to climatechange including Climate Change Policy, Adaptation policies, NAMA, Energy policies etc. Moreover,it has established the National Task Force on Climate Change, which has been delegatedthe role of developing a National Climate Change Policy a draft of which has been circulated recently.It must be recognized, however, that the desired operation of any climate change policywould only follow if there are certain institutional arrangements already in place. The forthcomingNational Climate Change Policy of Pakistan overlooks this dimension and fails to give anadequate provision for implementation of the policy.SDPI, believes that it is essential to provide a strategic framework for the institutional arrangementsfor implementation of the climate change policies in Pakistan. Under this initiative SDPIwith support from Heinrich Boll Stiftung (HBS) created a framework on an initial analysis andevaluation of the existing systems as well as incorporating the demands placed by an ambitiousclimate change policy. This framework was been based on the following objectives:Objectives1. Analysis of the policy on climate change2. Review of institutional arrangements of a few selected countries3. Institutional arrangements for implementation of Climate Change Policy in PakistanSDPI suggested the main institutional framework changes and suggestions to build the“National Institutional Framework for Climate Change in Pakistan”, the details of which can befound on SDPI's website www.sdpi.orgFor further details contact Mr. Shakeel Ahmed Ramay. shakeel@sdpi.org17S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010National Economic, Environmental Development Study (NEEDS):Mitigation PolicyThe Sustainable Development Policy Institute was retained by the Ministry for the Environmentto assist with the development and provision of a report on the mitigation proposals across allsectors for the future development and prosperity of Pakistan. The chapter so prepared was onthe basis of business as usual and within the climate change framework as it affects the country'sfuture.The report will form part of a wider publicationby the Ministry and includes sections on Adaptationto climate change institutional mattersand access to assistance for the world community.The report (chapter on Mitigation) focuses onPakistan's potential for mitigating GreenhouseGases (GHG). The study was been di vi dedinto three sections:1. Background of various sectors in Pakistanwhich will be directly or indirectly influencedby climate change2. Green House Gases outlook for Pakistan2011-20503. Potential of mitigation financing options for PakistanProcess, potential and working of sectors of Energy, Agriculture and Livestock, LULUCF, Transport,Industrial Processes, and Waste have been examined and summarised to gain insight intoa better understanding of the mitigation prospects of mechanism shift of the same. The currentstate of these sectors projected the future and the potential for mitigation of GHG. The reportlooks into Pakistan's future GHG emissions under the Business as Usual (BAU) case. Howeverit was concluded that for Pakistan to achieve its intended growth as expressed as GDP, Pakistanwill need to develop its current and abundantenergy reserves in the form of Thar coaland similar extensive deposits which areamong some of the largest in the world. Useof such resources will increase Pakistan'sGHG emissions. At this juncture it can be emphasisedthat, Pakistan is not a major emitterof GHG on the world stage and needs to developi ts industri al base. As Paki stan's GDPimproves it will be in a better position to developrenewable energy projects to mitigate itsemissions.The upcoming report projects Pakistan's futureGHG emissions under these alternatescenarios, if certain Mitigation policies are followed. Financial options and potential have beendescribed and the implications discussed. Developing various financial instruments are reviewed,including the development of “Climate Investment Funds” (CIF) and outlines Pakistan'sstrategy for availing funding.The upcoming report recommends the establishment a National Climate Change Fund in Pakistan.SDPI is grateful for the assi stance and support of an economist for the Ministry whose assistancewas invaluable in the development of the document.For further information contact Mr. Shakeel Ahmed Ramay. shakeel@sdpi.org18S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Sustainable Industrial DevelopmentBalancing industrial growth with environmental sustainability is a huge challenge. SustainableIndustrial Development at SDPI has been engaged in policy research that may term industrialdevelopment environmentally friendly. Earlier researchers at SDPI developed “Self-Monitoringand Reporting Tool SMART” a software that is being used by the Environmental ProtectionAgency and industrial units in Pakistan for self-monitoring & reporting of chemical pollutants.This work was followed by Pakistan Environmental Program in the mid 2000s. More recently,SDPI is actively engaged not only in the identification of chemically polluted sites but also inremediation and reclamation of chemically contaminated sites. Much of this work is being carriedout in collaboration with the Swiss National Science Foundation & United Nations EnvironmentProgram (UNEP).Reclamation of Chemically Contaminated Sites in PakistanThe project is a joint research work carried out in collaboration with Agroscope ReckenholzTänikon Research Station ART, Zurich, Switzerland and Environmental Science Department,University of Peshawar, Pakistan, with financial support from Switzerland National ScienceFoundation (SNSF).Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a well-known insecticide, was produced from 1963 to1994 in a factory in Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtoon Khawa (former NWFP), Pakistan. The factorywas then closed and later on demolished. The production and distribution of the insecticide resultedin a DDT polluted area of about 85 ha. At the plant site, the soils contamination is up to5000 mg/kg DDT in dry soil. To reduce DDT exposure of the environment and humans, this contaminatedsite must be remediated. The main objective of this joint research project is to test aremediation strategy that substantially reduces the bio-available fraction of the aged DDT in thesoil. Efforts are underway to bind and immobilize the main contaminant, DDT and its metabolitesin the soil by activated charcoal (AC) amendment. AC has proven to significantly reduce the bioavailabilityof organic contaminants in solid matrices due to its high adsorption affinity, capacity,and strength. The novelty of this project is the application and thorough evaluation of this remediationtechnique to a field soil contaminated by sequestered DDT and metabolites.Specifically, in laboratory experiments with different soil contamination levels and different kindsof added AC (granulated AC (GAC), bio-char, and coke breeze as cheap and locally originatedmaterial), the bio-availability of DDT and metabolites has been assessed by depletive and nondepletive extraction methods. Preparations are underway for the 2nd phase of the project inwhich pilot field studies will be performed after the AC is added to the soil according to the initiallaboratory results. Overall, this technique presents, if successful, an economically sound, effectiveand feasible way to remediate organically contaminated hotspots in Pakistan and elsewhere.Preliminary laboratory scale experiments have shown a considerable reduction of DDT of thedesorbable fraction in the amended soil compared to the control soil. The reduction also showsthat this remediation technique works in principle. Yet, many questions concerning the behaviourof AC in the field remain open and need to be further investigated before this remediationtechnique can be put into practice, specifically with regard to different AC materials and varyingenvironmental factors like soil moisture and temperature.For further details contact Dr. Mahmood Khwaja. khwaja@sdpi.orgMapping of Chemical Contaminated Sites In PakistanSDPI inked a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Blacksmith Institute (BSI), USA , forthe on-going Global Inventory Project (GIP) and is carrying out mapping of chemical contaminatedsites in Pakistan, to safeguard public health and environment in and around the pollutedsite area. Other partners in this joint project are the United Nations Industrial Development Or-19S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010ganization, Green Cross Switzerland and European Commission. SDPI is the focal point of BSIi n Paki stan.The main aim of the Global Inventory Project (GIP) is to identify and assess the contaminatedsites in over 80 countries throughout the world. Another key objective of the GIP is to providedata to governments and international organizationsthat will enable them to prioritize activitiesand programs that will mitigate risks tothe environment & health and save lives ofmillions of people. One of the main site selectioncriteria is the magnitude of health impactson humans especially on children.The SDPI research team, after receiving siteassessment training organized by BSI, has sofar visited twenty two (22) contaminated sitesin Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (former NWFP), outskirtsof Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Faisalabad,Sialkot and Lahore. The contaminatedsite is identified keeping in view the criterion set by BSI, followed by some on the spot observationsand measurements. Most of the sites are contaminated due to industrial releases andmedical wastes and the fact that the residues are burning openly. Among site assessment activities,the relevant stakeholders, including, medical personnel, industry representatives, officialsof Ministry of Environment (MoE) & Federal and Provincial Environmental Protection Agencies(EPAs) were interviewed, besides the direct victims - the local residents. In order to assessthe gravity of the situation, the sampling of different segments of environment including drinkingwater, wastewater and soil is carried out and an assessment report is prepared in light of interviewswith stakeholders and results of the laboratory reports. The contaminated site assessmentis in progress in Southern Punjab and would be followed in Sindh and Baluchistan provinces.Keeping in view, the scale of the problem assessed so far, government attention is needed forthe remediation of the identified chemically contaminated sites. Furthermore, there is a need tocreate awareness among the relevant stakeholders about the potential risks of the polluted siteson public health and environment.For further details contact Dr. Mahmood Khwaja. khwaja@sdpi.org20S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Food SecurityThe term food security reflects the desire to eliminate hunger and malnutrition. The World FoodSummit in 1996 defined food security as, “when all people at all times have physical and economicaccess to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet the dietary needs and food preferencesfor an active and healthy life.” This definition implies that food security has three pillars i.e. physical availability of food, socio-economic access to food and food absorption. Provision ofclean drinking water is a must for food absorption. SDPI's stance is that food (in)security shouldbe considered as one of the non-traditional issues. Right to food is one of the basic rights of citizensof Pakistan and one needs to think of food security beyond production & stocks of wheatavailable in Pakistan.Researchers at SDPI have been working on issues of food security and food sovereignty sincethe World Food Summit of 1996. In 2003, SDPI carried out a district ranking of Pakistan on thebasis of food security in collaboration with the UN World Food Program and concluded that37.6% of rural population in Pakistan was food insecure. In 2009, intensive research was carriedout to determine impacts of global food crisis 2008 on Pakistan's food inflation. It was concludedthat the food crisis in Pakistan was more of a governance crisis and there was very little impactof the global food crisis in Pakistan. Research was carried out to understand food security in theyear 2010 too. Some of this research is reported under the “Climate Change” section of this report.The flagship research of 2010 was “Food Insecurity in Pakistan”, ranking of districts ofPakistan on the basis of food insecurity- an update of SDPI's earlier report of 2003, which wascarried out in collaboration with UN World Food Program & Swiss Agency for Development &Cooperation.Food Insecurity in Pakistan 2009Based on a composite index of the above-mentioned pillars of food security, itis observed that the state of food security in Pakistan has deteriorated since2003. The conditions for food security are inadequate in 61 percent districts(80 out of 113 districts) of Pakistan. This is a sharp increase from 2003, whenconditions for food security were inadequate in 45 percent districts (54 out of120 districts) of Pakistan. Almost half of the population of Pakistan (48.6 percent)doesn't have access to sufficient food for an active and healthy life at alltimes.The report comes up with substantial evidence that inter and intra provincialdisparities exist in terms of food security. FATA has the highest percentage offood insecure population (67.7 percent) followed by Balochistan (61.2 percent),Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) (56.2 percent). The lowest percentage of food insecurepopulation (23.6 percent) is in Islamabad. Among the districts, DeraBugti in Balochistan has the highest percentage of food insecure people(82.4%). Balochistan has the higher number of districts with worst conditionsfor food security. The 20 districts of Pakistan with worst conditions for food security include 10districts from Balochistan, 5 from FATA; 3 from KPK, and 1 from Gilgit Baltistan (GB) and Sindheach. The number of districts from Balochistan in this category has doubled since 2003. DeraBugti, Musa Khel, Upper Dir, North Waziristan, Kohistan, Muhammand, Dalbadin, South Waziristan,Orakzai, and Panjgur are the 10 districts with worst conditions for food security in Pakistan.It was concluded that the potential militancy-food security nexus cannot be ignored in Pakistanand requires a change in paradigm where food insecurity should not only be treated merely as ahumanitarian issue, but a national security issue.Further information can be obtained from Dr. Abid Suleri. ed@sdpi.org21S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Water and SanitationSDPI's work on food security does not only stop at identifying most insecure districts of Pakistan,but it also strives to improve the food security situation through its research based policyrecommendations on improving both socio-economic access to food (see Livelihood Security &Economic Sustainability sections for detail) as well as food absorption. The following projectsreflect SDPI's work on improved access to clean drinking water.Access to Improved Drinking Water in City Slums with Household Water Treatment Systems(HWTS) Nadi Water FilterUnclean water contaminated chemically or microbiologically is a health hazard. Many deaths(mostly of children under the ages of five) are caused annually by water-borne diseases such asCholera, Typhoid fever, Diarrhoea, Dysentery, Hepatitis A and other diarrhoeal diseases Accordingto WHO reports 80% of all infections are traceable to poor quality of drinking water. Theestimated cost to Pakistan's economy due to diarrhoeal disease is estimated at Rs.55-80 billion/yr.Household-level interventions for water treatment must be given priority, as this will contribute tothe safety component, which in turn is expected to significantly contribute to achieving the MillenniumDevelopment Goals and food security. Adequate accessible methods for household watertreatment at point of use (POU) and safe storage (HWTS), combined with hygiene promotioncould prevent the population suffering from (without access to safe drinking water) from illnessand often resulting in death. The easy self-help Nadi Dinking Water Filter, a bio-filter type, isunique in its simple design, assembly and cost. The filter consists of baked clay Nadi & Mataka,sand & gravel of different mesh sizes and a rubber or plastic tube. The effectiveness of the Nadifilter unit is evident from the color, taste & transparency of the water filtered through it, as well asthe laboratory reports of bacteriological examination of the filtered water samples.In an earlier completed project, conducted by the Association for Humanitarian Development(AHD) in collaboration with Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), over 1000 NWFunits were installed and are operating in 20 villages of Taluka Jati area in District Thatta, Sindh,Pakistan. A noticeable decrease in diseases has been reported by Nadi water filter users(specially infants/children's) visits to doctors/hospital.The present work in the city slums is carried out by SDPI, in collaboration with AHD and withfinancial support from UNEP National Committee for the Republic of Korea (UNEP NATCOMROC) and is an extension of the above referred earlier work Slums of Islamabad, Rawalpindiand Hyderabad cities are selected for the present work. These areas not only have problems ofshortage of water but available water is also considered unsafe for drinking.On conducting the survey of the slums, it was established that most of the diseases in the area22S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

are water borne. The health and hygiene conditions in the slums are deplorable. Water bornediseases, like stomach worms and dysentery and skin diseases are rampant.Besides, introducing a simple technique like the Nadi water filter to clean water, another objectiveof the project was to also familiarize the population of the slums with the hazards of contaminatedwater use. Several awareness raising and training workshops were held with female& male residents of each slums. Material for assembling Nadi water filters was also distributedduring training workshop. Monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of the Nadi filters installedand their maintenance is in progress.Annual Report2009 - 2010For further details contact Dr. Mahmood Khwaja. Khwaja@sdpi.orgNational Advocacy of Household Water Treatment systems; Solar water Disinfection-SODISThe Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) in collaboration with the Swiss agency forDevelopment and Cooperation (SDC) is carrying out a National level policy advocacy of theneed for cost effective Household Water Treatment systems (HWTS) for improving the quality ofdrinking water at the house hold level. This initiative aims at providing the Government with informedchoices of cost effective HWTS in compliance with the National Drinking Water Policy2009. SDPI and SDC have successfully identified one of the cost effective HWTS i.e. Solar WaterDisinfection SODIS. In Pakistan, SODIS was introduced in 2002 as a low cost, easy andconvenient technology for attaining pathogen free drinking water at the household level first bythe collaborative effort of Community Action Program (CAP, local NGO in Faisalabad), SwissFederal Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (EAWAG), Department of Waterand Sanitation in Developing Countries (SANDEC) and the National Program for FP and PHC,Ministry of Health (MoH) on a limited scale.National level advocacy includes seminars and orientation sessions on SODIS with multi stakeholderincluding policy makers, the Ministry of Health (MoH), Ministry of Environment (MoE),23S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Ministry of Special Initiative (MoSI), district government and NGOs, Dissemination of the needfor HWTS such as SODIS through public theatre and poster competitions among children fromschools, colleges and universities. Acknowledging women's role in securing water and food forthe household, a rally will be organized to demonstrate the need of streamlining HWTS such asSODIS through an action plan.A formal launch of the project was held at the federal level with relevant stakeholders. Followingthe successful launch of the initiative HWTS working group was formulated with the individualsfrom MoE, MoH, Ministry of special Initiative, Media, NGOs, civil society organizations, UNagencies, Academia, Chemists and water experts. The first meeting of the working group helpeddivide it into 3 sub groups with specific responsibilities. These groups included technical groups,advocacy groups and policy groups. The aim of this working group is to develop a plan of actionto assist the Government in the successful implementation of the National Drinking water Policyin the larger interest of the masses.For further details contact Ms. Mome Saleem. mome@sdpi.orgSituational Analysis of Drinking Water: Facilities in Pilot Districts of Mansehra andKhanewal in Pakistan.2.2 million deaths are attributed to poor water and sanitation facilities and 60% of total childrendeaths may be attributed to contaminated water. The captioned study was carried out by SDPIfor the Ministry of Special Initiative, Government. of Pakistan through support by ABT Associatesinitiative to assess the gaps and needs of the area and the barriers that existed to improvethe existing structure of the water supply and services. The diagnostic study identified the gapsin consultation with different stakeholders including Civil Society Organizations (CSOs), Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and Local Governments(LGs). In the first phase, Khanewal and Mansehra districts were chosen from Punjaband NWFP province for an assessment exercise respectively. The study aimed to identify thedifferent sources of drinking water, its coverage and chemical analysis of randomly selected watersamples in pilot districts. Findings of this study are serving as a benchmark for its replicationin other parts of the country. Focus group discussions were organized with relevant stakeholders,key informant interviews were conducted and water samples from random sites(including public, private, tubewells, hand pumps & local body's water supply system) werechecked for possible water contamination. It was observed that even the water, which is safe fordrinking at source may get contaminated at point of use. SDPI recommended that HWTS maybe promoted in these districts (and across the country) for ensuring improved supply of drinkingwater.For further details contact Mr. Talimand Khan. talimand@sdpi.org24S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010The Energy Crisis: Sustainable SolutionsElectricity GovernancePakistan is facing a huge electricity shortage and a sharp rise in electricity prices causing socialunrest in some of its urban & rural areas. This has had a negative effect on industrial productivityand a commensurate decline in economic growth. There have been severe monetary repercussionsowing to electricity shortage in the industrial and export sectors, which according toestimates by the Ministry of Water and Power (MOWP), have experienced losses at Rs 219 billionand Rs 75 billion respectively. Additionally, there has been a drastic decrease in 400,000jobs in 2009. The state of Pakistan's electricity sector can be attributed mainly to a high dependenceon fossils fuels, high domestic & industrial demand and high transmission losses. Furthermore,in terms of governance, an absence of transparency and incompetence of the managersare problems endemic in the system that regulates provision of electricity in the country. Thesupply demand gap has been widened by 35% due to seasonal availability in hydropower and in2009-10, the overall electricity consumption declined by 1.7%. The industrial sector has beenparticularly hard hit by the electricity shortage and there has been a substantial reduction in industrialproductivity, which has had daunting impacts on the country's exports and eventuallyleads to the deterioration of balance of payments.Electricity governance in Pakistan has to be consolidated by supporting a more transparentelectricity power regulatory process. Therefore, the roles of the Ministry of Water and Power(MOWP) and Private Power and Infrastructure Board (PPIB) must also be scrutinized. It is intendedstakeholders from different backgrounds can be brought together, so as to develop acommon understanding about exploiting the potential of best practices and highlighting flaws ingovernance pertaining to the electricity sector.In order to strengthen the electricity regulatory processes in Pakistan, SDPI in a joint initiativewith US AID- SARI Energy, undertook the project of Electricity Governance in Pakistan. Thestudy has emerged at a time when power outages together with high electricity costs, have arguablybecome a greater socio-economic menace than terrorism for Pakistan. The project focuseson the National Electric Power Regulation Authority, which is responsible for regulatingpower in Pakistan. The study aims to undertake a comprehensive in-depth analysis and discussrecommendations for interventions to improve Pakistan's electricity sector. The power sectorwas liberalized in the mid 1990s, whereby a number of private entities gained access to the sectorboosting competitiveness. Governance, however, has been exclusive of public interest dueto the sector's entrenched complexity. It is necessary for the public to understand the issues andto become involved in decision-making processes. The study will also help to create a strongcollaboration between civil society, policymakers, regulators and other concerned parties on acommon platform, whereby good governance and sound decision making processes are encouragedat the policy level. The long-term goal of the policy is the continuous provision of electricityto consumers, industry, farmers and customers at cheap rates.The methodology adopted for the study leads to an analysis and a sound assessment of thesituation, which is being reflected in the project report. The preparation of the report entailswidespread consultation with the stakeholders, whereby its structure is being sufficiently delineated,identifying gaps and opportunities to improve governance. The nature of Pakistan's electricitysector is unique so there shall be an adoption of research indicators pertaining to theWorld Resources Institute and the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy India. However,other country specific methodologies are being applied to undertake evaluation of theprocesses of electricity governance in Pakistan. It is believed that the research undertaken canhelp establish a new paradigm for measurable performance indicators for Pakistan's electricity/energy sectors. Finally, a strategy is proposed to harness cheap hydroelectricity and other renewableenergy generation options, which are imperative for a sustainable regional and globalenvironment. Civil society, media and consumers are encouraged to understand and influence25S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010decision making in the electricity sector.For further contact Mr. Arshad Abbassi. ahabasi@gmail.comAlternative Resources of Energy in PakistanThe Sustainable Development Institute (SDPI) was assisted by the Heinrich Boll Stiftung (HBS),to research and report on alternative and renewable sources of energy for Pakistan. Solar energyhas the potential for meeting the energy needs in some of the more remote areas of Pakistan.Wind and geothermal sources have also been identified as potential realistic sources ofenergy. Pakistan is geographically located in one of the highest solar isolation areas in theworld; it is also located on a geology associated with geothermal activity. Wind has the potentialto play an important part of the energy supply mix, with wind corridors having been identified forwind farm development. The Government of Pakistan through the Meteorological Departmenthas quantified the wind energy generation potential for Pakistan.Pakistan has been experiencing an acute shortage of energy right across all sectors in particular,industry and through energy disruption to domestic users. These shortages have highlightedthe need for a reliable, cost realistic and effective sources of energy and an improvement in thedistribution of energy to facilitate development of the country. Pakistan currently relies disproportionatelyon thermal power generation from local gas fields and expensive imported oil to fuelboth government and privately owned and rented power plants. The poor communities of Pakistanrely on wood and dried dung to heat their homes and in food preparation. The effects of alack of clean energy on the poor community were part of the study with particular emphasis onhousehold air quality and how it affects women and children.The research conducted a general review of the renewable forms of energy available to Pakistanincluding, hydro, wind, biomass and biogas energy from wastes, solar and geothermaltechnologies. Hydro-power both as macro and micro projects are well established in Pakistanand are recognised as low cost reliable and renewable sources of power in Pakistan and havethe potential to fill the energy deficit.There was a consultation process with stakeholders from across the wide spectrum of users,environmental groups, developers, civil society and the Government being approached for theiropinions and ideas for the development of these resources. Pakistan has the potential to be energyself sufficient if it has the will to do so. Rationalisation of and implementation of the proposedinstitutional arrangements have facilitated Pakistan's ability to make use of various internationalfunding opportunities to develop its renewable sources for a low carbon future through,for example CDM mitigation and adaptation funding from the international community.For further information contact Mr. Shakeel Ahmed Ramay. Shakeel@sdpi.org26S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Gender JusticeSDPI firmly believes that to foster social development in order to catalyze the societal need forsocial justice & well being across generations, it is extremely important to carry out research onissues at the foundation of gender exclusion and gender disparities. SDPI has always been atthe forefront to turn its research on gender issues into effective policy advocacy campaigns. Althougha deliberate effort is made to include gender as a cross cutting theme in all research beingcarried out at SDPI, yet there are certain dedicated projects and researches that SDPI researchersfocused on during 2010. Some of them include:Gendered Situation Analysis in the Textile Sector of PakistanThe International Labour Organisation (ILO) under its project, “Promoting Gender Equality forDecent Employment” entrusted SDPI to conduct a gendered situation analysis to attain genderaware baseline information for textile sector of Pakistan. Pakistan Readymade Garments TechnicalTraining Institute (PRGTTI) helped SDPI in data collection.The study highlighted the gender dimensions of employment in the textile sector especially thefact that women are only employed for very few trades in the textile sector (such as stitching &quality assurance). Generally employers are biased against women employees & they are rarelyoffered permanent contracts. They are also deprived of paid maternity leave, functional day carecentres & other facilities. It was also observed that career progression chances for women werehigher in large textile units than small & medium units. The study which was carried out in sixdistricts of Pakistan (Lahore, Faisalabad, Karachi, Hub, Hattar & Sialkot) also revealed that skillacquisition opportunities for women were very limited and often they were forced to work on selectedlimited trades. The study recommended the establishment of job placement centers underthe relevant ministry to facilitate women's placement in the textile sector through formalchannels. It was also recommended that the Ministry of Women Development should play anactive role in ensuring that complaint redressal mechanisms were in place and functional. It wasalso suggested that the ministries of textile and commerce should introduce “We invest in decentemployment opportunities for women” award for entrepreneurs to improve work conditionsfor women employees. The recommendations of the study are being shared with relevant policymaking forums.For further details contact Mr. Gulbaz Ali Khan. gulbaz@sdpi.orgStrategies adopted by Communities to combat Violence against WomenHaving conducted several extensive researches related to gender issues and women empowerment,in May 2009, SDPI in collaboration with the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP) deployed its expertise towards finding cost effective, sustainable and unexplored solutionsfor combating Violence against Women (VAW). The basic objective of the research studywas to i nvesti gate and mai nstream community soluti ons and strategies for combating VAW, i n-volving positive masculinity. Action oriented research to end VAW revolves around the rationalethat VAW does not concern an individual or only women but it is a dilemma for the communityas a whole.To test the working and authenticity of the concept the research study focused on documentationof the best practices adopted by communities. Methodology thus adopted included a preliminarysurvey to gage the attitude of men towards VAW and a collection of case studies showingbest practices of communities with a special focus on men. The survey tools used were:• Review of available literature (secondary sources) on the subject;• A collection of case studies;• In depth interviews with the survivors of VAW;• In-depth interviews with the stakeholders identified as social capital (explained below);27S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010• Informal meetings with the communities with best practices;• In-depth interviews with formal and informal institutes including police and local electedmembers;• Individual meetings with the policy makers;• Consultative meetings with the stakeholders at provincial level.Contradictory to common perceptions that men are always victimizing of women in Pakistan, thisstudy has been able to identify positive masculinities & the positive role played by society tocombat violence against women. Cases have been collected from Burewala, Sialkot, Daska, Kasur,Gujranwala, Muzaffargarh in Punjab, Karachi, Khairpur, Badin, Sukkur, Tharparkar in Sindh,Jafarabad and Usta Muhammad in Baluchistan and Haripur, Abbottabad, Badabair, Mansheraand Batgram in Khyber PakhtoonkhwaThe study has helped to produce new knowledge by documenting best practices adopted by localcommunities for reducing violence against women (VAW) in the form of an anthology. Engagingmen for combating VAW is yet another solution focused towards empowering women.Social inclusion/encouragement/ of men who are ridiculed as providing weak support to women/victims has helped reduce gender antagonism among the communities with best practices. Menwith positive masculinities have been made into role models during the national consultativemeetings held at provincial and federal levels. The study has also helped look into the complexinterplay of formal and informal institutional mechanisms to combat VAW. Further the study hassuccessfully raised awareness about the social capital and its potential at both provincial andfederal level through the consultative meetings and strong advocacy campaigns including seminars,newspaper articles and lobbying with the policy makers. Policy advocacy of the researchwith policy makers at national level has helped gain valuable inputs for innovative and cost effectivepolicy recommendations from the grass roots.For further details contact Ms. Mome Salim. mome@sdpi.orgThe Gender Digital Divide in Rural Pakistan To Measure and to Bridge It“The Gender Digital Divide in Rural Pakistan To Measure” was funded by the International DevelopmentResearch Centre (IDRC) and the Canadian International Development Agency(CIDA). The overall objectives of the project were to a) measure the extent of gender digital dividein rural Pakistan and identify the women- specific ICT needs and b) to raise awarenessabout the issue and c) to draw conclusions regarding appropriate technologies and governanceconducive for improved access of women and girls to ICTs. The study considered both 'old'ICTs, such as broadcasting equipment, and 'new' ICTs, like mobile phones and computers. Inorder to answer questions about i) which of these ICTs are accessible for and used by womenand men ii) for which purposes ICTs are utilised and iii) how the effects of ICT use are perceivedby men and women, a mixed methods study was conducted in rural areas of all four provincesof Pakistan.Rural districts from each province with lowest ranking on district wise human development i.e.Batagram (Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa), Bolan (Balochistan), Muzzafargarh (Punjab) and Tharparkar(Sindh) which are characterised by a greater degree of deprivation in terms of income, educationand health were selected to carry out this research as these districts could provide a morerobust base for policy recommendations intended to narrow the gender digital divide.The overview of study results on the gender digital divide in rural Pakistan highlights that theavailability and gendered use of ICTs are two different things altogether. While mobile phonesare the ICT that is prevalent in almost half of all households even in the most marginalised districtsin the country, this does not imply that they are easily accessible to and used by womenand girls. Even high mobile phone penetration is insufficient to enable women and girls to telecommunicatebecause permission is often required for making phone calls, the necessary mobilityto receive network signals is restricted for women and the use of mobile phones as well as28S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

of other ICTs by women and girls carries a negative stigma. Besides, the wide gender disparityin access to education forms an obstacle in using ICTs more generally. The negative perceptionswomen and girls have of their technological skills heighten these hurdles.While, so far, computers and internet access have hardly reached poor rural areas, if availablein the household, the gender gap in use of ICTs is widest in case of such computer equipment.The 'old' ICTs of radio and TV, on the other hand, combine the advantages of physical availabilityand comparatively easy access for females. Accessibility has a strong socio-cultural side to it.In case of broadcasting equipment, it implies, amongst others, that permission for use is largelynot required and that contents are understandable and attractive.These findings need to be kept in mind for the ongoing revision of the National IT Policy as wellas for public and private stakeholders' interventions for women's empowerment through ICTsmore generally. The current IT policy focuses on broad penetration with ICT-related infrastructureas the main path to make the potential of ICTs available for the development of rural Pakistan(IT & Telecommunications Division 2000). While encouraging special efforts to train andinduct women in the ICT sector, it does not refer to gender differences in access to and use ofICTs. The policy, therefore, implicitly assumes gender-neutral technologies.The present results contradict these assumptions. While the gender digital divide is wide in marginalisedareas of rural Pakistan, the findings reported above highlight that policies and interventionsaiming to use ICTs for human development need to go beyond the provision of technologicalhardware. Social norms have been identified as crucial factors determining women and girls'access to and use of ICTs. They need to be addressed if universal access to ICTs including ruralareas of the country is the Government of Pakistan's objective. Control over technology inthe form of ownership, mobility restrictions and other cultural constraints for females, such astheir difficulties in accessing schooling, have to be taken into consideration in ICTs for development.Based on the results presented above, broadcasting equipment apparently scores well in theseareas. Research across Asia (e.g. ISIS International 2007) and practitioners' experience haveshown how, for instance, radio programs can give a voice to women's concerns and can featurewomen as producers of media content in a male-dominated domain. Therefore, public and privateorganisations with the aim of promoting women's empowerment should not neglect 'old'ICTs such as radio and TV in their efforts to harness the potential of ICTs for greater genderequality. If public media bodies, such as the Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation or PakistanTelevision, or private electronic media join hands with non-governmental organisations, mediatools with a powerful reach to women and girls in rural areas can be developed. Existing localisedprograms should be extended to cover more languages and contents of special interest towomen.The discourse on development benefits of ICTs in Pakistan is currently dominated by an engineeringperspective. Progress in bridging the gender digital divide in Pakistan should be monitoredwith the support of gender-disaggregated IT indicators to be compiled by the Federal Bureauof Statistics, focusing on access and use, rather than technical infrastructure alone.Major challenges, such as the livelihood insecurity pervasive in rural Pakistan, the lack of physicalinfrastructure and facilities for education and health care, have to be addressed first, beforeICTs can prove beneficial for human development in rural Pakistan in general and for greatergender equality in particular.For further details contact Ms. Nazima Shaeen. nazima@sdpi.orgAnnual Report2009 - 201029S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Assessment of Gender Disparities in Skills Development OpportunitiesPrevalence of gender disparities in skill development opportunities in the technical and vocationaleducation and training system and the job market is a known reality in Pakistan. Since thecreation of Pakistan, girls and women have had to face limited access to education and skills.Women have been generally associated with a low level of skills, especially since their work isoften regarded as an extension of their reproductive and domestic roles. Their work-both paidunpaid is thus undervalued and in many instances under enumerated. In instances, wherewoman have skills, then they have limited and less attractive choices in the labour market. Theyoften find themselves in jobs traditionally associated with women, not just because they are consideredto be the weaker sex, through ingrained cultural traditions and beliefs, but also becausethey generally gain access to skill training opportunities within a limited range of occupations.It is in this context ILO entrusted SDPI to assessing gender disparity in skills development opportunitiesin three provincial capitals i.e. Lahore, Karachi & Peshawar. The assessment is mappingthe existing employment opportunities available to girls and woman within the respectivedistrict.The target stakeholders will be training providers (public and private sectors) job providers oremployment exchanges in public and private sector and beneficiaries who are either trained orintend to get trained (preferably an equal number of men and women). These stakeholders willidentify gender issues regarding appropriateness of skills / trainings to facilitate accessibility tothe job market.Methodological framework or instruments for data collection of the research study will be basedon Collection and Review of Secondary data, Collection of Primary data, Consultative/Stakeholders Workshops, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), Informant Interviews and casestudies. The findings of the study would not only help ILO in its future interventions to reducegender disparities in skill development opportunities but will also be forwarded to relevant policymakers for their attention.For further details contact Mr. Gulbaz Ali Khan gulbaz@sdpi.orgGender Disparity in Primary and Secondary School Attendance Ratio In Chakwal andVehariThe literacy rate in Pakistan is extremely low, only 60 percent of all school going children aged(5-14) attend primary school. The ratio of girls enrolled in primary education is much lower thanboys. Only 56 girls for every 100 boys attend primary school. This situation becomes worse atthe middle and secondary tiers of schooling. An increase in dropout rates and a decrease in enrolmentrates becomes prevalent especially in the case of girls. Limited access to schools, thetraditional view of girls as purely home bodies and security concerns are considered as factorsthat have an adverse effect on their education.To find out the exact reasons associated with non-enrolment and drop-out rates of girls at primary,middle and secondary levels of schooling, Plan Pakistan has initiated a study in consultationwith the SDPI. Outcomes of the study will be used by Plan Pakistan to develop its programmeto address the root causes of the issue, and for developing a stronger campaign ongirl's education and protection and to link it with the Plan international campaign “Because I Ama Girl (BIAAG)”. The study will focus on Plan Pakistan's operational areas such as District Chakwaland District Vehari.Literature review and desk reviews are underway and SDPI has organized some focus groupdiscussions to finalize its preparation before primary data collection & its analysis.For further details contact Mr. Gulbaz Ali Khan gulbaz@sdpi.org30S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

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Annual Report2009 - 2010EducationHuman Development: Enlightenment through EruditionAt SDPI, we believe in the right to education for every citizen. The focus of our research is notonly education but quality education. We have been trying to understand the reasons of dropoutsin primary schools. We are analyzing how education can promote religious discriminationbut also proposing alternative curriculum & textbooks to respect religious diversity. Currently,much of our work on education and that of respecting religious diversity is cross-cutting.Lack of Primary School Education (LAPSE)SDPI provided technical support and backstopping to the Human Development Foundation(HDF) for conducting a national level survey that provided an overview of the major underlyingcauses of high school dropouts. The surveys were conducted in public, private & HDF fundedschools in Islamabad, Rahim Yar Khan, Lahore, Tando Muhammad Khan, Karachi, Mardan,Zhobe & Muzaffarabad.This study provided an overview of the major underlying causes of high school dropouts. It differsfrom other studies, in its nature and extent as it has not only addressed causes of schooldropouts across public, private and NGO funded schools but also the factors behind out ofschool or never enrolled children. Specific attention was given to four areas of concern, factorsrelated to the child him/herself, the family, the school and society as a whole. Each of these factorswas discussed in the light of quantitative as well as qualitative aspects.The methodology adopted for this study was based on Desk Reviews, Focus Group Discussionsand Key Informant Interviews and Case studies. The locus of the study was not confined to largercities or urban regions rather baseline information was gathered from rural households.More information about this study can be obtained from Mr. Gulbaz Ali. gulbaz@sdpi.orgRespecting Religious DiversityThe Relationship between Education and Religious Discrimination in Pakistan-Analysisof Curriculum and Pedagogy in Pakistani SchoolsThe curriculum which is being taught in Pakistani schools and Madrasas tends to promote religiousdiscrimination. The captioned project aims to gain insights into the curriculum taught inboth public sector schools and Madrasas and study the pedagogy, so it can provide recommendationsto rationalize the curriculum and refine the pedagogical methodology to eliminate discriminationagainst religious minorities. This study includes within its scope an in-depth examinationof official textbooks used by the public and madrasa schools at the primary and secondarylevels.The study report will offer the Pakistani education policy makers a concrete action plan to removethe negative portrayal of religious minority groups in public schools and the Madrasa EducationalSystem. It will also provide recommendations for the removal of objectionable content,which can cause friction between majority and minority groups in Pakistan. Key objectives of thestudy are:• To find out to what extent religious minorities are represented in these school curricula;• The degree to which biases against religious minorities result from how these minoritiesare portrayed in the educational system (through both curriculum and pedagogy);• The degree to which biases that have resulted from the educational systems have led todiscriminatory or extremist actions against religious minorities in Pakistan¬whether at thelevel of youth, the community, societal leadership, or extremist groups.32S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

The proposed methodology will be based on desk reviews, quantitative and qualitative tools.Key stakeholders will be students, teachers, and board members. In this study, consultativemeetings, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and case studies will be conducted.The scope of the study will include eight districts from four provinces i.e. Sindh: Karachi & Hyderabaddistricts, Punjab: Lahore & Khanewal districts, KPK: Peshawar & Swat districts, Balochistan:Quetta & Khuzdar districts.For further details contact Mr. Ahmed Salim. salim@sdpi.orgAlternative Text Books for Non Muslims Students and capacity building of Teachers2008-2010SDPI does not stop merely by pointing out the discriminatory educational material in curriculum,but it also proposes alternative text books. In one such effort, our researchers in partnershipwith UK based Minority Rights Group (MRG) have developed alternative textbooks from classone to ten. The message of tolerance & peace between different religious groups has been disseminatedthrough these text books.In 2007, a study commissioned by the Minority Rights Group International reviewed the curriculaof public and private educational institutions with reference to the representation of minorities inthe curricula. SDPI was involved in the second phase of the review, in which ten teaching moduleswere developed based on the recommendations of the study. These were meant to providemodels of education material free from prejudice and anti-minority sentiments. The sourcesused for the material included a variety of religious scriptures; material on the lives and influenceof Sufis, bhagats and yogis; traditional folktales; progressive literary works like those of Faiz AhmedFaiz, Ibne Insha, Prem Chand and Iqbal; and older text books that reflected periods of religiousharmony in the 20th century.The developed modules have been shared with various minority schools for final printing andreview. The project has also enlisted the support of the Ministries of Education and Minorities.Some private institutions in Islamabad and Lahore have agreed to adopt selected material, whilesome community schools in Sindh have also expressed an interest in the material. Efforts forimprovement and greater dissemination are still ongoing. Finally, SDPI Senior Research AssociateMr. Ahmad Salim has been given the task of incorporating some of the material into textbooksfor grades 3, 6, 9 and 11. The National Book Foundation in Islamabad has agreed toadopt the new text for book publishing.As part of this project, a minority schools teachers' workshops series has been planned to developan orientation of teachers towards the adoption of these text books. The SDPI in collaborationwith SHADOW organized this workshop in Samundri, Faisalabad in September 2010. Theworkshop was designed to create awareness about the new textbooks. Urdu modules were designedto enhance an understanding of the aims and goals of the group. An assessment of theparticipants was made and feedback from the participants was also taken at the end of theworkshop for further improvement. A second series of workshops is planned for schools in Lahore& Islamabad.For further information contact Ms. Afshan Ahmad. Afshan@sdpi.orgAnnual Report2009 - 201033S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Sustainable LivelihoodsReducing vulnerabilities and enhancing resilience is a must for sustainable livelihoods. SDPIhas been conducting empirical research not only to come up with recommendations tostrengthen livelihood assets but also to foster a socio-political and socio-economic conduciveenvironment where these assets may be turned into livelihood activities.Most of the research on livelihood issues has been carried out under SDPI's flagship partnershipwith Swiss academic institutes under a 12 year program National Centre for Competence in Research(NCCR). NCCR is in its 9th year now and SDPI's work on livelihood issue s is graduallyexpanding.We believe that livelihood sustainability is a must for achieving social sustainability, for an effectiveand positive societal transformation for ensuring food security (socio-economic access tofood) and for curbing militancy. Currently, SDPI's researchers are working on the following dimensionof sustainable livelihoods.Livelihood Futures in Resource-Scarce Areas and the Quest for the Inclusion of MarginalGroupsThe National Center for Competence in research (NCCR) North-South is an innovative researchprogramme in the fields of global change and sustainable development. The NCCR PakistanResearch Group is a partner of NCCR (North-South).SDPI and University of Agriculture Faisalabadis also a member of the Pakistan Research Group and has jointly initiated a project onlivelihood futures in the resource scarce areas of Pakistan. This project is concerned with livelihoodoptions in resource-scarce areas contexts, which provide limited natural resources forpeople to use in their livelihoods. The debates surrounding the complexity, diversity and dynamicsof livelihood patterns in marginal areas demonstrate the linkage between scarcity of naturalresources and livelihoods insecurity. In resource-poor areas different social groups strive to accessand command over these remaining resources, but also on the (often few) enabling(alternative e.g. non natural resource - based) opportunities to secure their livelihoods. In thisstruggle some social groups take benefit while some cannot, and consequently conflicts, socialtensions and new exclusions might emerge. This research project, being undertaken in marginalregions of Nepal, Pakistan and Tanzania, anticipates a deeper understanding of the tension betweenexisting livelihoods, access to alternative livelihood options, and related conflicts andprocesses of exclusion/inclusion.The project postulates the hypothesis that livelihoods security including food security in resource-poorareas can no longer be based on natural resources alone, for example the use offorests, agricultural production or livestock. To add to that, productivity of these scarce naturalresources comes under stress due to the assumed changes of climate. Therefore, non-naturalresource based incomes are becoming increasingly crucial, also to purchase food produced outsidethese areas. These opportunities, though, are scarce as well, with access mediatedthrough institutions, often leading to competition and social conflicts. Therefore, new and innovativeapproaches are urgently needed to support people in resource-scarce areas to securelivelihoods, including food security.The mountainous areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly known as North West Frontier ProvinceNWFP) which remained the focus of the NCCR research are selected as case study areasfor Pakistan. Originally launched in 2001, the NCCR North-South is one of twenty NCCRs establishedby the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) to promote scientific advancementin vital research areas. The programme is jointly funded by Swiss National Science Foundation(SNSF), the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), and the participating researchinstitutions.For further details contact Mr. Babar Shahbaz. babar@sdpi.org34S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Globalization: A New Road to Sustainable DevelopmentIs globalization a blessing or a curse? Is it a panacea for all or the root cause of all-evil? Thejury is still out where both proponents & opponents are all out with their strong arguments.SDPI always considers that globalization offers both challenges as well as opportunities and it isour level of preparedness coupled with the provision of a conducive environment (especially national& global governance) that can either make globalization work for us or not.In order to understand various dimensions of globalization & global changes research studiesare also being conducted in the year 2010.Some of the research studies are presented in the following sections.Economic DevelopmentPoverty-Oriented Development Policy Beyond the Millennium Development Goals CosmeticAdjustments or Fundamental ChangesThe captioned study has been commissioned by the University of Zurich under the NationalCenter for Competence Research Program. The theme of the study is to generate an informeddebate on the perceived framework of MDGs between developing and developed countries.SDPI research will be contributing to this debate in the context of the terms of taking country'sposition on the MDGs especially goal 1.Development cooperation between northern donors and southern/eastern states is characterizedby a variety of approaches, interests, varying degrees of stakeholder involvement, differencesin priority setting, and modalities of engagement. Still, these variations are underpinnedby a surprisingly similar perception of the causes of underdevelopment and the interventions requiredto overcome it. Indeed, development in its present guise is based on an understandingof, and guided by, ontology of "inclusive liberalism" which differs slightly from the neo-liberal andWashington Consensus paradigms of the 1980s. The core ontology of inclusive liberalism,though, continues to be based on a market-growth paradigm, reflecting, in political economicterms, a 'capitalist' imagination of a 'developed society'. The formation of this mainstream hasbeen supported by recent trends towards 'donor harmonisation', including procedures such as'Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers'. Its core marker, though, are the Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs), and we concentrate on MDG Nr. 1 (halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportionof people whose income is less than $1 a day). Enormous efforts were undertaken to implementthese goals. As only four and a half years are left till 2015, in most cases, there is a hugegap between achievements and plans. Disenchantment spreads, but it also leads to reflexion,and it appears that the MDGs and especially its goal 1 are becoming a crucial signifier for poverty-orienteddevelopment debates for advocates of the development mainstream as well as forcritics and radical opponents.The study is commissioned by NCCR research Group under special project and carries four objectives:(1) To provide an overview on the positions, dimensions and challenges of the emergingdebate; (2) To define core dimensions that emerge in this debate (e.g. the role of the state;of private companies, civic and social movements, the nature of underlying societal visions;etc.); (3) To critically assess these core dimensions based on the knowledge base available withNCCR North-South and beyond; and (4) Based on these assessments to take position and tooutline elements of a progressive and transparent poverty-oriented development agenda beyondthe MDGs.For further details contact Ms. Afshan Ahmed. afshan@sdpi.org35S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Liberalising Health Services under the Proposed SAARC Framework Agreement on Tradein Services (SAFAS): Implications for South Asian CountriesThis study has been commissioned by the Center of Policy Dialogue In partnership with theSustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI). SDPI will be focusing on the country perspectiveof trade in health services and its potential within the framework of SAFAS .The countriesfrom South Asia region taken to explore where potential will be explored includes Bangladesh,India, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.South Asian countries are already engaged in trade in health services within the region andhave further potential for expansion of health services. Before taking steps to liberalise the servicessector there is a need to identify the current state of potentials, weaknesses and constraints.A formal mechanism of integration of health services in the region within the SAFASand GATS can be useful for countries of the region. The scope of the study is limited to exploringthe possibilities of liberalizing the health sector under SAFAS which is WTO-GATS compatibleand assesses associated risks of opening the domestic health service sector of the SouthAsian countries to the foreign providers of the health service. In terms of analytical approach thestudy will perform a Value Chain Analysis of the health sector in order to capture the wholerange of activities in the health services sector that provides the final service to the patients.Through the value chain approach the major constraints and opportunities faced by the sectorcan be identified. The value chain framework will help to identify and analyze all the participantsin the value chain and the dynamics of the relationships among them, which will in turn can beused as inputs for improvement of the health services in the region in terms of efficiency of servicesand benefits. The value chain analysis will also examine other factors influencing the performanceof the sector, including the legal, regulatory and policy environment.For further details contact Ms. Afshan Ahmed. Afshan@sdpi.orgUtilizing Foreign Assistance and Domestic Resources to Sustain DevelopmentInitiativesExploring the Potential of Local Resource Mobilization in ChakwalMost of the Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in Pakistan are heavily dependent on foreignfunding and little effort is taken by these organizations to tap the hidden domestic resourcesavailable in the country. Limited foreign funding and heavy dependence on it leads to the needfor domestic resource mobilization. Evidence has shown that domestic funding sources cane betapped into by local organizations for their programmes. Resources are provided in the shape ofZakat (obligation) and Saddaqat (provisional) to trusts, foundations and CSOs. This immensepotential exists in the country, which may be explored by local organizations for funding their resources.SDPI was supported by PLAN International to provide baseline information on the available resourcesin the district Chakwal, to find out the potential for local resource mobilization.The SDPI team collected more than ten case studies from potential sources and found that thecorporate sector, the business community, individual philanthropists and trusts have potentialwhich may be tapped into by local organizations. Networking is a key to success which requiresimmediate attention of all the stakeholders. There is a need to develop a network of Civil SocietyOrganizations (CSOs) in the district, which would ensure participation of the all the national andlocal level organizations. It would also serve as a platform for raising collective voices and sharingknowledge. It will also help the CSOs and Plan Pakistan to focus on these areas for futurelocal level interventions in the district.During the visits and discussion sessions with different stakeholders, it was revealed that an advocacycampaign must be initiated in the district to create pressure groups in the district to influencekey policy makers at the local and provincial level. In a consultative meeting with Plan part-36S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

ners, it has been decided to develop a dedicated “Advocacy Unit” for reaching and influencingpolicy makers. SDPI will provide technical support to the interested organizations in developingthe units and will train the staff with financial help from Plan Pakistan.For further details contact Mr. Gulbaz Ali. gulbaz@sdpi.orgIMF Stand-By Arrangements Program and its Impact on the Economy and People ofPakistanThere are quite a few voices about adverse impacts of standby facility on the economy & peopleof Pakistan. However, very little empirical research was conducted on this issue to back theabove-mentioned hypothesis with substantial evidence. To fill the vacuum, SDPI in collaborationwith Action Aid Pakistan have conducted a research study on the on-going International MonetaryFund (IMF) Stand-By Arrangement and its Impact on the Economy and the People of Pakistan.IMF's lending arrangement with Pakistan, worth SDR 7.23 billion (US $ 11.3 billion) aims to “(i)restore the confidence of domestic and external investors by addressing macroeconomic imbalancesthrough a tightening of fiscal and monetary policies, (ii) protect the poor and preserve socialstability through a we-targeted and adequately funded social safety net and;(iii) raise budgetaryrevenues through a comprehensive tax reform to enable significant increase in public investmentand social spending required for achieving sustainable growth”.The broad objective of the study was to examine critically the conditionalities attached to theprogram under the Agreement and to examine their impact on the economy as a whole relatingto the welfare of the people, especially in the context of education, health and social safety netsfor the poor. It provides an insight into the facts as to whether these conditionalities may be facilitatingthe achievement of the objectives or are in conflict with some or all of them.The main elements of conditionalities attached to the loan arrangements have been identified togauge whether the program is home-grown or designed by the Fund under stringent conditions,in view of the compelling circumstances of the national economy which after experiencing aphase of significant economic and social development, deteriorated sharply in the form of aneconomic crisis since mid-2008.It has been determined that this programme was essential to keep the economy afloat in 2008.While the programme promotes a tight monetary and fiscal policy, the government must ensurethat development related spending is not curtailed to provide for other non-productive expenditures.This study concludes that although the implementation of conditionalities may prove challenging;and may have negative effects on livelihoods of people at micro level, yet this programmay provide the basis for essential reforms (such as documentation of economy, reforms inpower sector governance, etc) to restore the financial and economic health of Pakistan.For further details contact Mr. Nazre Hyder. hyder@sdpi.orgAnnual Report2009 - 201037S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Regional IntegrationImagine a New South Asia (INSA)Imagine a New South Asia (INSA) has evolved over the years as a regional network to advancea shared sense of the South Asian vision to promote increased policy convergence on key issues,more regional cooperation, the joint initiative of the government as well as at the civil societylevel. It seeks to promote the vision of a peaceful, prosperous, just and democratic SouthAsia. The INSA is run by a Regional Steering Committee, comprising representations fromcountry chapters, core constituency groups, and representations from international organisationswith a regional concentration. The day-to-day activities are run by a rotating Secretariat.The current Secretariat is the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), which took overfrom Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (BUP). SDPI is responsible for highlighting the integratedsolution for a New south Asia and responsible for the dissemination of policy recommendationsto relevant stake holders which includes various think tanks at the regional level and governmentofficials as part of the SAARC process.The core constituencies of the alliance are think-tanks, media and politicians who are engagedin evidence-based policy advocacy by generating new ideas and targeted learning for establishinga people's South Asia. The network also plans to be active and supplement and would workwith existing South-Asia wide networks, alliances, and initiatives and campaigns. Before the initiativewas transformed into an independent regional network, it was initiated by a group of activeacademics, think tanks, media persons, politicians across the region with initial support fromActionAid international. The members of the network have decided to transform the initiative intoa regional network. During these years, the members of INSA have conducted research intofour thematic clusters: (a) economic management, (b) human rights, democracy and governance,(c) peace and justice, and (d) natural resource management. The books of the series,published by Pearson, were launched in February-March 2010 across the region.The INSA holds its flagship forum, beginning from 2007, every year as a run up to the SAARCsummit, the South Asia Policy Forum, in collaboration with major academic institutions and universitiesby bringing in top politicians, academics, senior journalists, and leading CSO representatives.At the country level, coordinated by anchor organisations, with guidance and supportfrom national steering committees, the INSA has organized numerous events, including researchconferences on topical issues, countrywide marches, revisits of Indian partitions in Pakistanand India, and activities targeted for youth. On the eve of the 16th Summit of the SouthAsian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), the Third South Asia Policy Forum washeld from 25-27 April 2010 in Kathmandu, Nepal, with participants from Bangladesh, Bhutan,India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka representing a cross-section of policy and research organizations,academicians, parliamentarians, policymakers, journalists and civil society organizations.The Forum was organized by Imagine a New South Asia (INSA), Climate Action NetworkSouth Asia (CANSA), South Asia Watch on Trade, Economics & Environment (SAWTEE), andSouth Asian Centre for Economic Journalists (SACEJ). Formal deliberations took place in ninetechnical sessions followed by a roundtable discussion with South Asian politicians and leadersin the panel. The session themes were: Climate Actions: Shared Vision of South Asia; Water,Sanitation and Hygiene; Trans-boundary Sharing of Water; Climate Resilient Society in SouthAsia; Low Carbon Society in South Asia; Agriculture and Food Security; Trade, Biodiversity andDevelopment Issues for the SAARC Region; Democratizing South Asia: Role of Media Activism;and Conflict and Peace in South Asia. The finale was a roundtable on South Asia's DevelopmentalChallenges and Political Commitment to come up with a set of recommendations for theSAARC Summit as well as the overall SAARC process.For further details contact Ms. Afshan Ahmed. Afshan@sdpi.org38S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Primary Data CollectionSDPI has created its niche in conducting third party monitoring & evaluation as well as processreview assignments pertaining to development interventions of various national and internationaldevelopment agencies. It also carries out baseline surveys enabling development partners toinitiate their interventions on a true knowledge base. SDPI has arrangements to collect primarydata at village, union council, tehsil & district level across Pakistan. Our M & E team is highlyspecialized in formulating data collection instruments. A team of analysts and statisticians areable to develop a customized database for efficient data analysis. During 2010, we carried out M& E & process review assignments for the World Food Program, FAO, WHO, ILO, RSPN,SRSO, SRSP, Trans International Crisis Project & University of Zurich. Details of some of theassignments are as follows:Child LabourBaseline Survey on Children in the Worst Forms of Child Labour in the District Sahiwal(Punjab)There is no comprehensive information on children involved in the worst forms of child labour(WFCL) in the district of Sahiwal (Punjab). A project has therefore been designed for this purposewith the technical support of the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the FederalBureau of Statistics (FBS). In this regard, a consensus had been built on the definition of theChild and Child Labour. The data collection exercise was conducted in such a way that the comparabilityof data with government surveys remained integrated. The Federal Bureau of Statistics(FBS) developed the sample design of the survey for rural and urban Sahiwal. The sampledesign provided the complete details of the thirty enumeration clusters. To implement the datacollection exercise, FBS trained key staff members of the SDPI for cluster formation. Fieldworkwas conducted in three phases. The first phase began with the formation of cluster formation inrural and urban Sahiwal. The second phase administered the screening questionnaire for identificationof child labour. The third phase was completed with the collection of 300 detailed questionnairesin all the sampled clusters. Currently, data entry and the cleaning exercise is in process.The project is expected to be completed by the end of December.Data collection and measurement of the Worst Forms of Child Labour aims to contribute to theempirical knowledge base of the area being studied. The analysis of the baseline data will providerich information on the determinates of the Worst Form of Child Labour in order to improveour understanding of this phenomenon. The BLS is also expected to provide reasonable informationabout the determinates of high drop-out rates for primary schools and the impact of involvementin work and/or domestic chores on the school achievement of children in the selectedhouseholds.Process Review: Sindh Rural Support Organization's Union Council Based Poverty ReductionProgram (UCBPRP)SDPI has been assigned to carry out regular process review (every quarter) of the interventionscarried out by SIndh Rural Support Organisation for Government of Sindh. SRSO has initiated aUCBPRP through which it aims to give income generating grants; small loans; infra structuredevelopment support; low cost housing; micro health insurance and vocational trainings at thevillage level. All interventions are carried out through community mobilization by formingwomen's organizations and the beneficiaries are identified through poverty scorecard rating.A team of qualified professionals conducts the review. The team is deputed according to the linguisticdemands of the area, to focus on the quality and authenticity of information. SDPI organizesa four-day training for field teams with special emphasis on a sound and clear understandingof the tools and tasks. Upon the successful validation of field survey tools in the pre-test, theteams are sent to the designated areas / zones for field implementation in all targeted UCs..39S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Findings of SDPI's review show that the majority of the members approximately two thirds, arefamiliar with the objectives behind the formation of village organizations and community organizations,hence participate actively. Around 78 percent of the members participate in the decisionmaking process in most of the cases, suggesting that they can assert their voices.SDPI's process review findings are shared in quarterly meeting of Board of Directors of SRSO.Based on SDPI's recommendations, SRSO is continuously improving its SOPs for UCBPRP andtheir program is proving its effectiveness.40S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Peace and Security: Hope in the Face of AdversityThe Frontier Digital Gazette (Crisis Project)The socio-political system in the Malakand area is signaling a transition, there are gaps betweenthe traditional social order, modern political and administrative mechanism. Moreover, the societyis experiencing a shift in the traditional power structure and social order. However, accessibilityto state institutions and its delivery mechanisms, perhaps do not have enough capacity toconsolidate and streamline the social change in positive channels due to the conflict that hasbeen witnessed in this area. In addition the poor condition of road infrastructures and access toeducation and health facilities further deteriorated in the post conflict period. Agriculture andlivestock is the main source of household, however, to some extent foreign remittances alsosupplement the income of house holds. These factors limit progress and therefore, wheneverthe community finds no alternative it reverts to the traditional social order for remedy. By andlarge, it seems a matter of pragmatism rather than conservatism.Keeping in view these factors, the Sustainable Development Policey institute (SDPI) launched asurvey in six districts; Swat, Bunner, Shangla, Lower and Upper Dir and Malkand District/Agency for the Transnational Crisis Project in April 2010. The study aimed to explore the humanlandscape and social political realties and the relationship between the traditional social orderand modern political institutions in the region to facilitate the reconstruction and rehabilitationprocess. The total sample size was 2400 household questionnaires that were distributed on thebasis of proportional allocation. Malakand Division witnessed a conflict of high intensity in thelast three years and the peace process needs to be reinforced through well-planned reconstructionand rehabilitation activities.The findings of the study, “Frontier Digital Gazette” will serve as a knowledge-sharing platformand catalyst for cooperation in the reconstruction and rehabilitation of the Malakand Division, inline with the objectives, strategies, and work plan of the Government of Pakistan. The populationof the surveyed area mostly consisted of adult persons and young persons with a large averagehousehold size. Pashtoon is the larger ethnic group in the area and Pashto as the motherlanguage of overwhelming majority of population in the six districts of Malkand Division.41S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Situation AnalysisAssessment of Landlord Tenant Relationships in Flood RecoveryThe captioned study was funded by the World Food Program and was carried out to provide aqualitative understanding of opportunities and constraints for recovery for tenants and landlordsin the flood hit area based on the dynamics of relations between the two. Three locales were selectedto represent the overall situation in provinces i.e. Charsadda from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa(KP), Muzaffargarh from Punjab and Shikarpur from Sindh.The study was accomplished by liaising with the local media and CSOs for identification of targetgroups and through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with the intention of documenting localnarratives.. FGDs were conducted with contractors, small and big landowner and tenantfamilies from the sampled flood affected areas. Female groups in these categories were alsointerviewed separately. Key-informant interviews were also conducted with the help of questionguidelines to gain insight into the prevailing distribution mechanism. The key informants includedall those actors who are either involved in the provision of the relief goods for agriculturelike NGOs, CBOs, district administration and landlords.In light of the above data collected from the sampled districts it was evident that no formal supportthrough the proper mechanism was being received by the flood affected people in the sectorof agriculture, which is the main source of income in these districts. This is even more seriouswhen we consider that 45% of the labour force in the country is employed in the agriculturesector. The economic level of the small land owners, contractors and tenant has been badly hitwhich has forced them to work as laborers to meet the needs of their families. On the otherhand the exploitative and dominating relation of the big landlords has deprived the tenants of thelittle help that could have been useful to revive not more but some of these agriculture basedcommunities. The devastation is mostly in the rural areas, which is the hub of livestock. There isa serious threat to the food security of the people of the country at large. Big landlords and politicianshave turned the devastation into an opportunity for them to hoard the aid and built politicalcareers. There is a probability for these circumstances to give rise to a force of looters and militants.Discussions with the participants reveal that so far the distribution mechanism for relief goodshas not been effective. In initial days of disaster a lot of food and shelters were supplied to thedevastated farmers and small landowners but as the time has passed by interest towards supplyof the basics is also very low. Women on the other hand are deprived of the direct wages andentitlement to any post flood relief.The recommendations that have come out of the study include the following:• The influence of political parties and big landlords has to be warded off from the distribution mechanism to make it more transparent and accessible for the poor;• WATAN card distribution and registration should be made more transparent to avoid theobstacles that are encountered to acquire it;• Provision of livestock to the tenants and contractors;• Women should be directly entitled to the relief goods and agriculture inputs;• Loans should be announced for the small landowners and tenants.For further information contact Ms. Mome Salim. mo me@sdpi.org42S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010CommunicationandPolicy Outreach43S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010AdvocacyThe main objective of the advocacy unit is to engender dialogue, advocate for SDPI's Policy Advocacyand Outreach Unit and engage in public-interest campaigns, some of which are longterm,and others tend to respond to an emerging issue of public interest on an immediate basis.Raising awareness, stakeholders' mobilization and partnerships on environmental, economic,political, and social sector issues are SDPI's main goals and consistent themes include democraticgovernance, globalization, peace, human rights, regional inequalities and provincial autonomy,South Asian regional consciousness, environment and climate change and women'srights. The Institute undertakes policy advocacy, networking & partnerships and litigation on issuesof public interest. SDPI's policy advocacy and outreach campaigns are people-centeredespecially pro-poor and pro-vulnerable demanding more stakeholders' participation, transparency,accountability, responsiveness, efficiency and effectiveness, equality and equity, rule oflaw, and national debate aiming public policy related decision-making and implementation processat different levels.SDPI engages two types of advocacy;1 First is reactive and focuses on issues falling w ithin SDPI's mandate such ashuman rights, religious tolerance, globalization, environmental activism, reli giousminority rights, issues of national public policy, governance and academic f r e edom.2 Second is proactive, and is based on research findings; it involves lobbying by the researchand advocacy staff through participation in conferences, workshops, and seminars,writing in journals and newspapers, appearing on the electronic media as well as servingon important committees and commissions.Given the dearth of advocacy in Pakistan, the purpose of SDPI's efforts is both to support specificcauses and be a role model to set a precedent in an attempt to make up for the lack of activeadvocacy in Pakistan. The ultimate destiny of SDPI's Policy Advocacy and Outreach is people'sempowerment with, as mentioned above, a greater focus on poor and socially-excludedsections of the society.Weekly Seminar SeriesA main goal at SDPI is the creation of broad awareness of, and active support for, sustainabledevelopment in the Government, the private sector, NGOs, academia and the general public. Inconsonance with this goal, SDPI organizes a weekly seminar as part of its advocacy efforts toeducate and engage stakeholder groups on various aspects of sustainable development. Theseseminars provide valuable public space for open debate and intellectual discussion on varioussustainable development issues.The Policy Advocacy and Outreach Unit contributes in the research process and facilitates SDPIresearchers in the process of conducting research-based seminars. In addition to ensuring SDPIstaffs' interviews to the media, the Unit facilitates SDPI researchers in organizing as well as mediaparticipation and coverage of different events.The SDPI seminar series mainly covers specific issues under the broader thematic areas givenbelow;Climate Change/Environment/ Energy/WaterEndangered water resources of PakistanSDPI in collaboration with Sungi Development Foundation organized a joint seminar on the44S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

above topic. The ceremony coincided with the launching of the two recently produced documentaries“Pakistan Water Resources in Danger of Depletion” and “Big Dams and Alternative Energy”by Sungi on water issues. Speakers of the seminar said that the National Drinking WaterPolicy (NDWP) approved last year still needed to be implemented properly. It was agreed thatthe responsibility to provide potable water lay with local governments but abandoning the LGsystem had raised serious questions over efficient water service delivery by the government besidesthere were concerns that stakeholders were not involved in the formulation process of theNational Drinking Water Policy which had not been approved as yet.Water Conflict in South -Asia and International Treaties on EnvironmentA call for pondering over the proposal of joint water-shed management was proposed in SouthAsia. Speakers of the seminar highlighted that black carbon emissions from India were affectingthe monsoon areas of India and Pakistan. They said the Indian proposal of joint water managementwas good and both countries should convert it into joint water-shed management whichwould be a win-win situation for both as it would take care of water outflows from all rivers flowinginto Pakistan from Indian controlled areas. Speakers demanded reviewing the resettlementpolicy of the areas affected by projects and urged fair compensation for legally entitled and unentitledaffected people.Affordable Green Energy: Way ForwardSpeakers were of the opinion that Pakistan should take full advantage of its available hydel potentialand there was a need for hydel power stations in the country. They urged a ban on thermalpower projects, which according to them, have made multinational companies influentialplayers in the energy sector of the country. Speakers said that Pakistan has a huge potential ofhydel resources which could be used to meet the ever-growing domestic, commercial and industrialneeds besides hydroelectric projects involve less repairs or maintenance expendituresfor longer periods.Environment and Health Impacts of MERCURY- a Global Concern (World EnvironmentDay)Speakers questioned the efficacy of the final disposal of mercury products like tube-lights andenergy-savers which otherwise was an environmental and health hazard. They strongly favoredthe establishment of the Asia Pacific regional facility of mercury surplus & Mercury waste storagein Pakistan. Highlighting hazardous effects on the human body, the Ministry of Environmentsaid that mercury causes pregnancy disorders, memory loss, mental disturbance and other ailments.They said that the ministry constituted a national team for identifying mercury products,analyses of samples, data collection and organized meetings with stakeholders.CyclonesDuring this year another natural disaster Tropical Cyclone PHET in the Arabian Sea occurred. InPakistan, Tropical Cyclone PHET hit the coastal areas of Sindh, including Badin and Thatta. Expertsexpressed the opinion that South Asian states should evolve a strategy to protect glaciersas they were melting quickly ultimately leading to a rise in sea level, which results in cyclonesand storms. They said that due to the rise in sea levels, Maldives would disappear and Bangladeshwould be adversely affected due to possible future cyclones.SDPI one-day Media training on “Climate Change Vis-à-vis Energy, Economy and Development”Recognizing the media's valuable contributions over the years on the above subjects and themedia's paramount role in enabling the state and society to effectively deal with these challenges,SDPI organized a training workshop for media persons. Media persons from both printand electronic media participated in the event while some of the objectives of the workshopwere to provide media persons the opportunity to share their experiences on environmental issues;enhance an understanding of climate change and its relevance to today's environmental,economic, and developmental challenges; evaluate existing national policies and measures; andAnnual Report2009 - 201045S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010develop a collective resolve among media persons to actively and positively contribute in theprocess of adaptation and mitigation of potential effects of rapid climatic changes and their associatedmulti-dimensional consequences.National Consultative Meeting/Solar Water Disinfection (SODIS) Project launchSDPI and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) jointly launched a national-leveladvocacy project on SODIS, which is an affordable water purification method at thehousehold level. All the participating stakeholders including the Planning Commission of Pakistan,Ministry of Environment and other government and non-government stakeholders discussedthe subject and resolved to jointly promote cost-effective household level water treatmentmethods such as SODIS at the national level as around 52 per cent of population in Pakistanhas no access to improved drinking water. Speakers said that in the face of the fiscal andenergy crises, the SODIS was a very sustainable and cost-effective water treatment option, despiteits apparent shortcomings in terms of the selectivity in the elimination of harmful substancesfrom drinking water.Pakistan's Energy Policy: Renewable vs. ExpandableThe speakers highlighted that Pakistan should realize its potential of natural energy resources toreduce the effects on climate change, end reliance on fossil fuels, and to meet its increasing energydemand amidst a growing population and industry. They said the SDPI has established aClimate Change Centre and has been taking different initiatives to promote a better understandingon the issue, to encourage debate and dialogue, and helps the government to make policieson different aspects of sustainable development. They urged the need for Pakistan to take significantadvantage of its indigenous energy resources such as hydro-electric, biomass-wasteproducts from the agricultural industry, municipal wastes to energy, biogas, solar energy, wind,tidal and geothermal. In utilizing such resources, Pakistan would reduce its contribution to theglobal emission of climate changing gases, improve its energy security and reduce the costs incurredby the importation of fossil fuels. The speakers said that development of only hydro resourcescould help Pakistan to sufficiently meet its increasing energy demand for decades.They added that there was clear evidence that human activity was adversely affecting theworld's climate, which was clearly evidenced in part by the recorded increase in carbon dioxideconcentrations since the European industrial revolution. They said that the revolution has movedfrom Europe and the Americas to Asia where industrial production was now centered with increasingdemand for energy coupled with a dramatic increase in population and large quantitiesof fossil fuels were burned to sustain the population.Human Rights/ GenderMilitancy, Security, Fundamental Rights and Role of Women in Peace BuildingNational Women's Day was organized at SDPI under the banner of Insani Haqooq Ittehad involvinga number of civil society organizations. Women representatives of civil society, humanrights activists and intellectuals participated in the event. Women and their male supporters firstparticipated in a discussion on “Women's perspective on Militancy, Security and FundamentalRights and Role of Women in Peace Building”. The participants also staged a march from SDPIpremises to the Parliament House in order to commemorate the day with placards and bannersinscribed with slogans in favor of women rights, human rights while condemning Talibanisation,obscurantism and bigotry.International Women's DayOn 8 March 2010, the Policy Advocacy and Outreach Unit organized a seminar on “BringingForth Ideas of Youth for Community Ownership of Violence against Women”. The main theme ofthe seminar was to create awareness amongst the youth specially university and college studentsregarding violence against women. Different universities and college students were invited.46S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Effectiveness of UN 1325 on Lives of Women in PakistanThe Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), Bedari, INSAN Foundation Trust, CAMPand PAIMAN under the national campaign on Women Action for Peace (WAP) jointly organizedthis event. Womens rights campaigners and participants of the seminar urged the governmentof Pakistan to fulfill its obligations under the UN resolution 1325 to ensure women's protectionand safety against combatants and armed elements during armed conflicts and their consequentnegative impacts, and recognized women's participation and representation in peacebuildingand the reconciliation process. They urged that the protection of communities and thestate was imperative for women during conflict times. They highlighted women's problems andvictimization besides lack of implementation on the national and international level regardingwomen's rights adding that rape and harassment have been widely used as weapons of waragainst women. They said that women always suffer victimization such as displacement, sexualviolence and abduction etc in both war and peace. While referring to the shortcomings of the UNresolution, they said that it lacks specific timelines, weak prosecution aspects due to countryspecificdomestic laws, absence of concrete guidelines for the member countries, and internalissues within the United Nations systems such as infrastructure, security, and sensitivity aboutthe internal policies and matters of other countries as some of the important barriers in the wayof effective implementation on a resolution.Annual Report2009 - 2010Governance/ Socio Economic DevelopmentConsultative Meeting on “The Criminal Justice System, Writs of Habeas Corpus andCommissions of Inquiry- Commonalities and Differences in South Asia”The Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) and Law and Society Trust (LST), SriLanka jointly organized this national level meeting. A comprehensive study has been undertakenregarding the working and effectiveness of the habeas corpus remedy in Sri Lanka duringthe post-2nd Republican Constitution (the current Constitution) era, at the stage of the appellatecourts as well as the Provincial High Courts. The analysis not only illustrated judicial attitudes tothe freedoms of life and liberty but also highlighted paucities in the working of the legal/judicialsy stem.Similar discussions have also taken place previously in two workshops held in Kathmandu, Nepaland Bangalore, India this year. The main reasons behind the initiation of such discussionsincluding this workshop was that problems faced by Sri Lanka in this context were shared withother South Asian countries which also have same colonial history and legacy. The commonalitiesand shared problems among these countries can bring them together to come up with collectiverecommendations to address such critical issues. These efforts which at present involved47S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010stakeholders discussions under these workshops would later evolve into the formation of largenetworks within the South Asia region so that eventually governments of these countries canbring about desired meaningful changes in their respective legal regimes.7th National Finance Commission (NFC) AwardThe speakers were of the opinion that the consensus on the 7th National Finance CommissionAward was a reflection of political maturity and the biggest achievement of the current democraticgovernment and other political forces of the country. They termed “NFC award as the rewardof democracy”. The earlier NFC distribution criteria were not based on the mutual consensusof all four provinces unlike this NFC developed with mutual consensus based on multiplecriteria involving population, poverty, revenue contribution and area density.50 Years of Indus Basin TreatyA major event was organized by SDPI on 50 Years of the Indus Basin Treaty. Speakers saidthat there were more than 5000 treaties dealing with water issues in the world as there were numerousdisputes pertaining to water issues. The most important for Pakistan was the disputewith India, which began not just because India blocked the water of the rivers Ravi and Sutlej,but because India also intended to block water from head-works located in its territory. Speakersalso emphasized the dangers of water shortages in Pakistan and referred to the threat of seaintrusion into Indus water where the river forms a delta and falls into the Arabian Sea. It wasmentioned that Pakistan runs non-perennial canals, as water has to be provided for farming purposes.It was opined that if the Indus Basin Treaty was not implemented, 118 million-acre feet ofwater would have reached Pakistan in 1985. It was maintained that India never gave Pakistan a6-month advance notice on any change in outflow despite its obligation under the Indus Basintreaty. They said that the treaty allows agricultural use of water to the amount of 13.3 millionacre land in Indian-held Kashmir but that the treaty did not allow India to use this water for otherparts of the country.Freedom of Press and Governance (International Press Day)A dialogue was organized on International Press Day at which senior journalists and columnistsparticipated. They said that after the creation of Pakistan, there existed a sense of professionalismamong journalists and in the field of journalism while citing names like Ahmad Ali Khan, AltafHussain and AT Chaudhry as Editors. It was felt that in recent years the trend was that commercialinterests were dominant over editorial policy.Economy of Pakistan and Value Added Tax (VAT)At a seminar of Value Added Tax (VAT) the speakers were of view that out of a 170 millionpopulation of the country, one million belonged to the salaried class whose taxes were deductedat source, making them the highest taxpayers whereas only 0.7 million businessmen paid taxes.They said that Japan and many Western countries paid tax rates in single digits because everycitizen paid 40 percent of their income in taxes.Degrees and DemocracyThe speaker of the seminar strongly condemned unearthing the culture of fake degrees amongparliamentarians and demanded that the mainstream political parties should seriously deal withthe fake degrees issue since it undermines the legitimacy and performance of the parliamentand ruins the prospects for true democracy. They urged that the fake degree issue should beinvestigated seriously and guilty parliamentarians should be banned as they have committedfraud and misconduct, which raises questions over the legitimacy of parliament. Speakers demandedthat the oversight of civil society should be ensured during the investigation process ofalleged fake degrees besides reformation; re-organization and re-engineering of what theytermed a 'criminally inefficient and inept' election commission of Pakistan.Productivity, Markets and Communities: a New Development ApproachSDPI and the Planning Commission of Pakistan jointly organized this event at SDPI. Highlight-48S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

ing the need of the engagement of different stakeholders for more consultations and inputs, thespeakers and participants of the seminar welcomed the consultation process of the PlanningCommission of Pakistan on the New Development Approach which focuses on productivity-ledgrowth, reformation of markets, reconfiguring of cities and more focus on youth and communities.Introducing the NDA, the PC said that an unintended consequence of the country's policieshave been the stifling of internal markets, cities and communities, which play a critical role infostering productivity, innovation and entrepreneurship and ultimately promote growth, prosperityand development. In the new framework, the private sector was the growth-driver in an openmarket environment that rewards productivity, efficiency, innovation and entrepreneurship, whilethe government protects public interests and rights, provides public goods, enforces laws, punishesexploitative practices, and operates with transparency and accountability.EducationEducation Sector BudgetingSpeakers at a seminar on Education Sector Budgeting said that visionary leadership could bringabout positive changes in the system or changes could be made through societal pressure.They called for monitoring and overseeing the Millennium Development Goals through mediaand parliamentary committees. They were of the view that lack of efficiency as well as rapidpopulation growth were key challenges in the education sector while they raised several questionsover the incapacity of the education system, lack of resources and political will among policymakers, mismanagement of resources, gender-gaps, political influence and the crisis of relevanceof the education system itself.Food SecurityEmerging Wheat Crisis: Ensuring Wheat SecurityKeeping in view the water shortages and food insecurity situation of the country, SDPI invitedthe Ministry of Food and Agriculture to share their views and understanding about these issues.The MinFA officials maintained that Pakistan would not face a food crisis in the next two years.Speakers of the seminar demanded that Pakistan address policy mechanisms and availability offood and if any shortage was expected, decisions to handle it should be taken before hand.They emphasized that wheat had become a cash crop because of higher prices and suggestedmore support for small farmers.Media Launch of Report on State of Food Insecurity Report in PakistanThe speakers informed that this report was a follow up of the “Food Security Analysis of RuralPakistan 2003 (FSA 2300)” that the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) producedin 2004 in collaboration with the UN World Food Program (WFP). That report, the first of its kindin Pakistan, compared 120 districts of Pakistan on the basis of their rural food insecurity situations.The result of FSA 2009 showed that food insecurity at the household, district, provincialand country level had become more severe as compared to 2003. Many districts became foodsecure, while others became extremely food insecure. In terms of districts, 80 of 130 (61%) districtsare food insecure in Pakistan. Out of these, 45 districts (34%) are extremely food insecure,while this figure was 38 during 2003. In the second category, food insecure, the number of districtsmore than doubled in 2009 as compared to 2003 (from 16 to 35 districts). With regard tothe population, 48.6 percent of population is food insecure with various degrees of food insecurity.Of the total food insecure population, 22.4 percent are chronically food insecure in the country.Budget 2010/ EconomyPre- Budget DialogueDuring a Pre- Budget Dialogue, speakers lamented that an overwhelming percentage of thebudget of the country was being used for the country's defense needs. They fully supported theenforcement of VAT as it would replace the existing GST regime, which would help to documentAnnual Report2009 - 201049S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010the economy and increase the tax net. They said that the taxpayers should play a pro-active roleto ensure people-friendly budget. They mentioned that the nation was facing a crises of Fs i.e.,fuel, food, fiscal, functional democracy, fragility of climate and frontier crises but unfortunatelythe country's budget revolved around 3 Ds i.e., debt-servicing, defense and day-to-day administrationof the country. Political uncertainty was further aggravating the energy insecurity whilehydal power could be solely relied upon.Series of Post Budget Orientation SessionsSoon after the announcement of the federal budget 2010-11, Strengthening Democracy throughParliamentary Development (SDPD) decided to organize budget orientation sessions for parliamentariansto review the federal budget in general and its different aspects in particular includingsector-wise allocations and the process of decision-making. It was expected that these sessionswould enrich parliamentarians' knowledge about the budget, which was always difficult tounderstand due to technical financial terms and number crunching. SDPD subsequently engagedthe Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) to jointly organize these orientationsessions to make this process more productive and meaningful given SDPI's vast experienceand diverse networking with different stakeholders including parliamentarians, policy-makersand the media. Both the organizations jointly organized 10 orientation sessions on the followingaspects of the federal budget 2010-11.• Analysis of Federal Budget 2010-11;• National Budget: NFC Award and 18th Amendment;• Federal Budget: Revenue and Taxation (VAT);• Federal Budget: Pro-poor Planning and Social Safety Nets;• Federal Budget: Energy Sector;• Federal Budget: Food Security and Agriculture;• PSDP: Structure and Process-I;• PSDP: Structure and Process-II;• Federal Budget: Response to Conflict & Terrorism;• Federal Budget: Health Sector.Additional SeminarsUnprecedented Floods in Pakistan and SDPI in Pakistan 2010Following the floods in Pakistan, Policy Advocacy and Outreach Unit organized the followingevents and activities;• Seminar on “Unprecedented Floods Devastation: Responses and Challenges”;• Seminar on “Household Water Treatments (HWTs) as point-of-use to Access SafeDrinking Water Technologies for Flood Survivors”;• Seminar on “Post-Flood Food Insecurity in Pakistan”;• Seminar on “Post-flood Strategy to Rebuild Pakistan”;• SDPI Also launched a humanitarian appeal to different stakeholders for helping floodaffectedpeople in Pakistan.Networking with StakeholdersThe Policy Advocacy and Outreach Unit maintains good networking and coordination with differentinternational and national development, rights-based and research organizations; governmentinstitutions and departments, and universities. Some of those development partners includeJinnah Institute (JI), Pakistan-China Institute, ActionAid-Pakistan, Center for Peace andDevelopment Initiative (CPDI), COMSATS, ABT Associates, Swiss Agency for DevelopmentCorporation(SDC), World Food Programme (WFP), World Health Organization(WHO), NationalCommission for Human Development (NCHD), Higher Education Commission (HEC), Law andSociety Trust(LST) Sri Lank, Insani Haqooq Itehad (IHI), Human Rights Commission of Pakistan50S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

(HRCP), National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), UNHCR, Strengthening Democracythrough Parliamentary Development (SDPD), Sungi Development Foundation, Pakistan Instituteof Labour Education and Research (PILER), Oxfam GB, Oxfam Novib, Strengthening ParticipatoryOrganizations (SPO), Aga Khan Foundation, Frederick-Ebert-Stiftung (FES), Qauid-I-AzamUniversity, Ministry of Environment, Planning Commission of Pakistan, Heinrich Böll Foundation(HBF), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Islamabad Policy Research Institute(IPRI), Shajr-e-Ilm, Human Development Foundation (HDF), AAN Associates.Media NetworkingThe Policy Advocacy and Outreach Unit maintains a working relationship with national and internationalelectronic and print media. SDPI staff participates in television talk shows, interviewsand gives comments to different television channels, newspapers and radios on various importantnational, regional and international issues in the public interest. SDPI events regularly receivedreasonable coverage in the mainstream and regional newspapers, prominent and popularweb media, TV channels, Radio Pakistan and also the foreign media.Some of the print media organizations that regularly give coverage to SDPI events include, DailyDawn, The News, The Nation, Daily Times, Pakistan Observer, Business Recorder, The Post,Frontier Post, Daily Jang, Nawa-I-Waqt, Khabrain, Pakistan, Jinnah, Express, Daily Hamdard,Ausaf, Daily Azkar, Daily Musalman. SDPI seminars and other events also received good coveragein electronic media which include Geo TV, Aaj Tv, ATV, CNBC, APNA TV, ARYone, DunyaTV, Douche-Welle, Channel 5, Express TV, Rohi TV, Dawn News, Khabrain, Metro One TV,PTV News, SAMAA TV, Royal TV, On Line News, Sindh TV, Voice of America, BBC, Al-Arabiya, Dharti TV and Value TV.TrainingsThe Head of the Policy Advocacy and Outreach, Faisal Nadeem Gorchani, conducted the followingtrainings this year.• SDPI training on “Advocacy and Communications Skill” June 2010, Islamabad;• A session on “Public Relations and Networking” in Center for Capacity Building (CCB-SDPI) organized training on “Secretarial Skills” Sep 2010, Islamabad;• Sessions to Public Sector Universities' Associate Professors/Lecturers during 14th Master Trainers-Faculty Development Programme, Sep-Oct 2010, organized by Higher;Education Commission (HEC), Islamabad;• A Three-day Workshop for University Administrators on Governance Issues organizedby Higher Education Commission (HEC) under Modern University Governance for University Administrators (MUG), October 2010, Islamabad.Peaceful Protest DemonstrationsParticipated in protest demonstration against the killing of Balochistan's famous NationalistLeader, Habib Jalib Advocate, in front of press club, Islamabad;Participated in Civil Society's protest demonstration against the culture of fake degrees;Participated in a protest demonstration on national women's day.Annual Report2009 - 201051S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

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Annual Report2009 - 2010Sustainable Development ConferenceThe Sustainable Development Conference is an international conference that creates a platformfor nurturing informed debate on the most pressing concerns that face South Asia today. EachSDC is designed to reflect the existing political, economic and social milieu of the region andprovides a forum for sharing and exchanging dialogue on sustainable development. The SDCseries has been established as a prime Conference in South Asia on development issues attractingleading intellectuals, development practitioners, communities and policy-makers. Therehave been twelve SDC's so far and each SDC mirrors the most urgent and critical concerns ofits time. The first SDC took place in 1995 and was titled, “The Green Economics Conference”.Its focus was on the interaction between economics and the environment, and included researchpapers on trade, fiscal policy, EIAs, green accounting, forestry, energy, industry and theurban environment. In addition to environmental issues, new challenges have also emerged, asSouth Asia has had to confront a multitude of catastrophes in the form of natural disasters andmajor political upheavals and transformations. The last ten years have been punctuated with calamitiesof cataclysmic proportions creating a ripple effect that has caused conflict and increaseddepravity leading to political unrest and instability. To name just a few, in 2004 the tsunamithat hit Indonesia killed more that 230,000 people in fourteen countries. Less than fiveyears later in 2005 Pakistan was hit by a devastating earthquake destroying thousands ofhomes and killing almost 85,000 people. Operations are still underway to help those people rebuildtheir lives.On the political front Pakistan has also faced major challenges. The years of military rule thatbegan in 1999 have left Pakistan with a plethora of internal conflicts resulting in an increasedsense of insecurity and, once again, greater economic disparity. In 2001 the twin towers wereattacked in the US, creating a new world order, with Pakistan at center stage being projected asthe biggest “terrorist nation” in the world, the repercussions of which are evident in the many suicidebomb attacks that have taken place across the country coupled with internal religiousclashes that have been responsible for thousands of deaths across the nation. These are justsome of the issues that have been faced by South Asia in the last ten years compelling leadingintellectuals to debate and discuss new strategies for a more peaceful and stable future forSouth Asia. With each new challenge that this region has faced, SDC paves the way forward bychoosing relevant themes within its ambit to talk about possible solutions to these major concernsthat threaten to cause even more damage to a region already marred with troubles.Regular themes running through the first to the thirteenth SDC have been gender, poverty, governance,peace, health, environment and food security with a particular emphasis on those areasthat are considered priority areas of the time. In recent years, as reflected by the eventsmentioned above, lawlessness, extremism, insecurity and instability, conflict and the quest forpeace have become the most pressing issues. More recently the flood disaster in Pakistan hasexacerbated the situation causing a greater degree of insecurity and instability. These concernshave thus been the focus in this year's SDC, the thirteenth SDC to be held from 21-23 December2010, titled, “Peace and Sustainable Development in South Asia: The Way Forward”. Peaceand security are central to the discussions and views will be exchanged on how they can be ensuredwith the premise that until the basic needs of the people are met, the rest of the issuessuch as that of conflict in the region cannot possibly be dealt with or improved. Tied in with thisthere will be deliberations on how economic challenges can be handled with positive results interms of using natural resources effectively while at the same time increasing the capacity andeffectiveness of institutions. The 22 panels will cover themes such as the post-flood situation inPakistan, food insecurity, energy crisis, financial crisis, the issue of land acquisition, trade andfinancial liberalization, social protection, religious minorities, the eradication of Violence AgainstWomen (VAW) and beyond millennium development goals vis-à-vis militancy and conflict. In additionsome panels will specifically deal with issues related to flood preparedness and the impactof climate change. Following on from discussions on the relation between the 6Fs crises in thetwelfth SDC (explained below), four levels of security will also be discussed, i.e., global, re-53S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010gional, state, and individual securities. The deliberations will focus on the importance of individualsecurity through social sector development for a secure state, region, and for sustainedpeace.The Twelfth Sustainable Development ConferenceThe Twelfth Sustainable Development Conference looked at the six 'Fs' crisis of food; fiscal;fuel; frontiers; functional democracy and fragility of climate. Speakers examined and proposedviable strategies for sustainable development. It's duration was for three days from 21 to 23 December2009 in Islamabad at the Best Western Hotel, with 23 panels including approximately100 delegates from 11 countries including Bangladesh, China, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, the Netherlands,Pakistan, Turkey, Germany, US, and the UK. The conference was well attended by anaudience of over 1,400 spread over the three days. It was widely praised for providing an importantplatform for discussion on a wide range of topics around sustainable development, as wellas for bringing together academics from a region characterized by disunity and poor regionalrelations. The conference received extensive coverage both in print and electronic media.The welcome speech was give by Dr. Abid Q. Suleri, Executive Director of SDPI, who warnedagainst the dearth of funding for research on sustainable development, both within the internationalcommunity and within Pakistan, in his opening address. Dr. Suleri's introduction was followedby remarks from the Chief Guest, Syed Naveed Qamar, Minister for Petroleum and NaturalResources. Mr. Qamar reiterated the government's commitment to democracy, stating thatsustainable development is not possible without sustainable democracy. The opening sessioncontinued with a keynote address delivered by Dr. Saba Gul Khattak, Member Social Sector,Planning Commission of Pakistan. Dr. Khattak spoke about accountability and violence, highlightingthe lack of accountability of states in relation to communal violence, pointing towards thetwo partitions of South Asia, to present violence in Afghanistan as well as militancy, military operationsand drone attacks inside Pakistan.Speaking during a concurrent panel on 'South Asia in 2060', panelists were of the view that thenext five years will decide what will happen in the next fifty years in South Asia. Chairing thesession, Dr. Adil Najam, the Frederick S. Pardee Professor for Global Public Policy from BostonUniversity, emphasized the present fragmentation as “the blip and not the historical trend” inSouth Asia, whereby regional trade constitutes only 5.5 percent and the region has been declaredby the Asian Development Bank as the least integrated region in the world. Panelists emphasizedthe youthfulness of South Asia's population, with much lower dependency rates thanChina or Europe, allowing South Asia to become a “global workforce”. Dr. Ishrat Hussain, FormerGovernor of the State Bank of Pakistan and presently the Director of IBA, Karachi, said that“investment in skill formation is more productive than investment in machinery and capital” andthat “research and development expenditure is pathetic”, warning that these investments arecrucial in securing the future of South Asia. Mr. Amitabh Mattoo, Professor at the Centre for InternationalPolitics at the Jawaharlal Nehru University, India, warned “We are at a tipping point.We could go in the direction of paradise or descend into hell." Other speakers who spoke on thispanel included Mr. Nihal Rodrigo, Former Sri Lankan Ambassador to China; and, Former SecretaryGeneral, SAARC, Colombo, Sri Lanka; Mr. Dipak Gyawali, Director of the Nepal Water ConservationFoundation and Pragya of the Royal Nepal Academy of Science and Technology,Kathmandu, Nepal; and, A. K. Enamul Haque, Executive Director, Economic Research Groupand Professor and Head of Economics, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.In the afternoon session on 'The prospects of normalization of Kashmir' chaired by General(retd.) Talat Masood. Panelist Shah Ghulam Qadir, Speaker of the AJK Assembly, said that conflictmanagement had failed to produce any tangible results over the 62-year period of conflict.Yet panelists agreed that there is a possibility as well as a need for a 'win-win-win' situation forall conflicting parties, including not only India and Pakistan, but also Kashmir. Panelists urgedfor a shift in focus from the territory of Kashmir to the people of Kashmir, and noted that the po-54S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

tentials for trade in the region are enormous but remain unrealized due to huge restrictions imposedby either side.Speaking at a panel on 'Global Financial Crisis: Response of South Asia', experts highlightedtrends towards backward labor migration from industrial urban areas to the rural sector that resultsin the concentration of greater poverty in rural areas. Moreover, panelists linked the effectsof the financial crisis in the region with increases in domestic violence and divorce rates, anddescribed the crisis as “drastically affecting food prices” and nutrition intake. Dr. Shakuntala Narasimhan,columnist and author from India, said a majority of export-oriented manufacturingunits have either been closed down or have reduced wages and cut jobs, increasing pressureon workers.On the second day of the conference, National Assembly Member and member of the StandingCommitteee on IT, Ms Marvi Memon, said that there is a dire need to empower women throughICTs during the session on 'Women and ICTs in South Asia: Exclusion or Empowerment?'. Dr.Karin Astrid Siegmann Lecturer, Labour and Gender Economics, Institute of Social Studies(ISS), The Hague, Netherlands and Visiting Fellow at SDPI, elaborated on the difficulties of usingICTs as a tool of women's empowerment, noting that cultural norms often present an obstaclein the Government's efforts to provide affordable access to Information and CommunicationTechnologies to the rural population. Ms Nazima Shaheen, Project Coordinator, SDPI, and Dr.Anupma Saxena from India also presented their papers on the topic.In a panel on 'Pakistan's Military Offensive, the IDP Crisis and Prospects for Taming Militancy',panelists concluded that building a bridge between the locals, the army and the government fora streamlined way forward towards rehabilitation is necessary. With representatives from themilitary, IDP coordination agencies as well as local community leaders participating in the panel,heated discussion surrounded claims of military collusion in terrorist organization, leading thediscussion towards issues of trust in the authorities and local relations with civilian and militarybodies.Issues of food security including discussion of the nexus between food insecurity and militancywere explored during two separate panels on food security. Panelists agreed that Pakistanfaces a perilous situation with regard to food security, urging the government to take action. Dr.Suleri presented research that found that within a volatile food security situation prevailingacross the country, conflict-ridden regions of Balochistan and NWFP exhibited the country'sworst statistics on food security.The concurrent panel on "The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity" was headed by Dr.Pushpam Kumar of the University of Liverpool, England. With relevance to South Asia, he emphasizedthat policy makers do not have all the right tools and (economic) frameworks to validatethe damage and reimbursements related to environmental degradation. Prof. John Gowdy,President of the International Society for Ecological Economics; Prof. Madhu Verma of IndianInstitute of Forest Management, India; and, Dr. Rehana Siddiqui from Pakistan Institute of DevelopmentEconomics (PIDE) also spoke on the panel.Other panels on the second day of the conference included 'Alternative Textbooks for Socialand Political Harmony' and a panel on the 'National Sustainable Development Strategy', the latterin which government and civil society came together to critically discuss the Strategy.A session on 'Climate Change and Chemicals' Use: Adaptation and Mitigation Measures forMinimizing the Emerging Environmental and Health Impacts' emphasized the changing nature ofchemicals with climate change impacts, calling for the government to address rising issues inchemical pollution, especially with regard to lead poisoning. Another panel titled 'Civil-MilitaryRelations and the Political Economy of Military Intervention' was also held in which speakersfrom India, Nepal, Germany and USA spoke on the subject.Annual Report2009 - 201055S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010On the final day of the conference, two panels on gender were held: 'Role of Women Parliamentariansin Social and Political Change'; and, 'Gender Justice' that dealt with positive male contributionsto gender justice in Pakistan. Both the panels stimulated lively and important discussion,and were attended by government representatives and representatives from the civil society.Chairing the panel on 'Renewable Energy for Sustainable Development in South Asia', Mr. ArifAlaudin, CEO, Alternative Energy Development Board (AEDB), said that energy efficiency andutilization of renewable energy potential is the key to sustainable development. Mr. Zafar IqbalZaidi, DG, Pakistan Council for Renewable Energy Technologies (PCRET), Mr. Pervaiz Akhtar,Former DG PCRET, and Mr. Irfan Mehmood from Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission sharedresearch on energy consumption, efficiency, cost-benefit analysis, ongoing projects and policydevelopment. The focus was to create widespread awareness regarding the depletion of nonrenewableenergy sources.Speaking at the panel on 'The state of brick kilns in Pakistan', Dr. Saba Gul Khattak, Member,Planning Commission of Pakistan, said that the workers of brick kilns are living below the povertyline. "They do not even have computerized national identity cards to benefit from socialsafety nets," she said. Mr. Abrar Ahmad, a freelance consultant, Energy Projects, opined thatnumerous factors, like use of old technology, coupled with environmental issues, low productivity,lack of quality control measures and lack of regulatory measures in this sector have marredthe performance of the brick manufacturing sector. Miss Ayesha Rehman, Researcher fromFatima Jinnah Women's University, suggested that making non-fired bricks could be an effectivepractice for saving land, energy, costs and for diminishing pollution as well as protecting our environment.A double session on the Copenhagen Climate Change negotiations ran concurrently through themorning, before the closing session was initiated by SDPI's Executive Director, Dr. Abid Suleri.Speaking at the concluding session, Ms Fauzia Wahab, Information Secretary of the PPP saidthat climate change should be on the priority list of the government. “We don't really take an interestin climate change”, she said. “We are not aware of what the West is talking about. We arenot aware of garbage control, we are not aware of what recycling is or how to economize on waterresources. The West has climate change at number two on the priority list, but in Pakistanthe environment isn't even on the list.”“Too much reliance on the government is not the solution. The solution lies in individuals, inbringing citizens on board” she said. “We need to a start public awareness campaign to showthe people what their responsibility is.”Ms Farzana Raja, Chairperson of the Benazir Income Support Programme, pledged to includeliterature on the environment and climate change in the quarterly newsletter that the governmentsends out to some 2.7 million families who receive support from the Program. “We are talkingabout 20 or 30 million people. I think it will be a great start”, she said. She supported thelaunching of an awareness campaign about climate change.Dr. Adil Najam, from the Boston University in his H U Beg memorial lecture said, “South Asiaplus China will determine the world's climate future”. “It's not just because of demography, butbecause the region will see the most dramatic growth in emission and will have the greatest capacityfor influencing those changes. The region could lead the world,” he said. Dr. Najam saidthat, unlike in the West, “in South Asia, climate change is not a problem of emissions; it is aproblem of water stress”. He said that “water remains of the highest causes of civil violence inIndia and Pakistan” and that “in over 60 years of constant conflict between Pakistan and India,the total number of Indians killed by Pakistan is less than the number of children that die in oneyear because of dirty water in the city of Karachi alone”.56S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Dr. Najam added that “the US doesn't want to solve climate change”, yet that “a new politics isbeginning to emerge” with a greater role for developing countries.Referring to the peace and security issue, Dr. Suleri, Executive Director of SDPI, closed theconference with the remarks that “those of us who are trying to spread voices of sanity in mostinsane circumstances will defeat the handful of extremists that are trying to highjack our society”.Annual Report2009 - 201057S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 201058S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010SDPI Centre for Capacity BuildingSince 1998, when it was first set up, the CCB has trained 6112 individuals, including 1026women. The Center has a well-established patron list. More than 215 organizations and partnershave benefited from its trainings/workshops including NGOs, private organizations andpublic sector organizations.For a knowledge-centered institute like SDPI it is critical to employ its research findings for theachievement of its organizational mission. Therefore, SDPI's research program acts as a catalystfor specialized courses. SDPI's Center for Capacity Building (CCB), an integral unit of theInstitute, addresses the nationally recognized need to provide high quality training to the public,private and NGO sector organizations/individuals and build their capacity for sustainable development.The Center has developed the capacity to field its own management and environmental trainingcourses conducted by SDPI trainers, as well as resource persons from specialized fields. Thesecourses strengthen associational networks and lead to subsequent collaboration among thepublic, private and NGO sector, in addition to partner institutions. Each year, after intensive inhousebrainstorming as well as external market research (survey to assess training requirementsof potential client organizations), the Center prepares and implements a calendar consistingof about 25 to 30 short generic and specialized research courses.Keeping in line with SDPI's gender integration policy and to encourage women to register fortrainings, a 25 percent discount is given to every female participant. The same amount of discountis available for students as well. The year 2010 was satisfying despite the overall reductionin the training expenditures in the public and corporate sector. CCB successfully completedthe activities planned for 2010, as well as organizing and conducting customized trainings fordevelopment and public sector organizations.PartnershipsThe Center for Capacity Building has developed an understanding with GC University Lahore,for offering joint certificate and diploma courses. In addition, an agreement has also been signedwith WWF Pakistan for the training of their personnel. CCB has also developed an understandingwith Australian Center for Education and Training (ACET), Sydney Australia for conductingjoint trainings in Pakistan. An agreement between SDPI and SZABIST Islamabad isalso being drafted for conducting joint research and training activities.In 2010, CCB conducted the follow ing courses:Specialized Trainings• Project Management “Understanding the Funding Mechanisms of International Donorsand Meeting Their Expectations”;• Effective Project Management using Microsoft Project;• Climate Change vis-à-vis Energy, Economy and Development: This training was conducted for print and electronic media representatives.Generic Trainings• Training of Trainers;• Project Management: “Skills for Success” - organized in Murree;• Synergizing Performance;• Developing Communication and Presentation Skills;• Communication and Advocacy Skills;• Developing Leadership and Management Skills in Nathiagali;59S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010• Enhancing Secretarial Skills;• Project Management;• Report Writing;• Monitoring and Evaluation of Projects;• Logical Framework Approach;• Developing Communication and Presentation Skills.Customized Trainings• Training of Trainers:- International Medical Corps, in Peshawar;• Effective Workplace Communication: - Muslim Aid;• Creativity and Innovation:- British High Commission, Islamabad;• Project Cycle Management PC-I to PC-V: -FATA Capacity Building Project (USAID) organized in Murree;• Monitoring and Evaluation of Projects: - International Organization for Migrationorganized in Nathiagali;• Managerial and Administrative Skills: Pakistan Institute for Trade and Development;• Communication and Presentation Skills:- Pakistan Institute for Trade and Development;• Project Proposal Writing:- Pakistan Institute for Trade and Development;• Modern University Governance for University Administrators: Higher EducationCommission.In-House Capacity BuildingIn order to build the capacity of SDPI's young researchers, interns and volunteers as well asother senior staff members, CCB conducted and facilitated workshops on:• Project Proposal Writing;• Basic Computer Skills (Windows and Microsoft Office).Ev aluation Process for TrainingsThe Center has an ongoing, comprehensive evaluation process for its trainings to improve qualityand identify if the participants achieved the desired goals. Participants, at the end of eachworkshop, rate each module and give their candid comments on the content, quality and usefulnessof exercises andgroup work.The second stage of trainingevaluation is conductedfour months aftertraining through on-jobpost-training assessmentforms. The participants areencouraged to expresstheir views on how thetraining has helped themin carrying out their jobs.The Chart Below illustrates the scope of trainings under each ofSDPI’s wider thematic areas of research during each quarter in201060S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 201061S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010CCB'S BENEFICIARIES: Some of the beneficiaries of CCB trainings representing public,private and development sectors are:Alcatel PakistanDepartment f or Int ernational DevelopmentNational Assembl y and Senate Secr etariats(DFID)PepsiCo International Human Development Foundation Pakistan I nstitut e of Trade and Devel opmentAsia Petroleum Save the Children Pakistan I nstitut e of Communit y Opht halmolog yMobilink Friedrich Ebert Stift ung, USAID AfghanistanUfone International Rescue Committee Development Alternati ves IncMobiserve CARE International American Embassy IslamabadNestle GTZ British High Commission IslamabadGlaxo Smithkline Catholic Relief Services Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB)Great Wall Drilling Company UNESCOInternational Medical CorpsServic e I ndus tries Li mited World Population Foundation CHEF InternationalShaigan Pharmaceuticals WWF-Pakistan International Organiz ation f or Migration (IOM)Pakistan Tobacc o Company UNICEF, PakistanHigher Education CommissionICI Pakistan UNDP Capital Development Authority (CDA) IslamabadAF Ferguson & Company IUCN Pakistan NESPAKAttoc k Oil Oxfam Novib Ministry of Water and PowerPakistan Cement Oxfam GB NCHDVolta Batteries Sight Savers International Stat e Bank of PakistanFauji Fertilizer Company Muslim Aid Ministry of EducationPakistan TelecommunicationsLtd. (PTCL)BEFARePrivat e Power and Infr astruct ure Board62S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Support Functions63S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Resource CentreThe objective of the Resource Centre is to provide key information on a plethora of subjects inthe field of research on sustainable development in Pakistan providing constructive debate andpolicy advice to the government, non-government organizations, the private sector and themass media.The SDPI Resource Center has grown over the years evolving into an effective coherentmechanism of acquisition, processing, organization, creation and dissemination of information. Itundertakes the following tasks:• Select and acquire appropriate resource/research information• Organize the research information for easy access and use• Advise and assist people in finding relevant material• Information dissemination through publications, newsletters• Network with libraries and information/documentation centers.Library holdingsThe SDPI Resource Center serves as an information resource base for the multi-disciplinary researchat the Institute. It also caters to the needs of the general public, students, academia andthe research scholars both in the country and abroad.The Center is one of the best and the biggest information resource not only on sustainable developmentbut also in the entire development sector in Pakistan. It maintains a library of selected,relevant and up-to-date information resources in an organized manner. The resourcesinclude books, documents, journals, audio and videocassettes, CD-ROMs and digital and onlineresources. The library holdings exceed 22000 books and documents with special strengths inthe areas of development, environment and agriculture. There is an exclusive section for governmentand data publications. The library subscribes to local, regional and international journalsand periodicals. In addition to the subscription, the library receives over 150 serials includingjournals, periodicals, and newsletters. Additional resources are available through the Inter-Library Loan Program and the Publication Exchange Program.Netw orkingIn order to enhance accessto information, theResource Center networkswith national andregional thematically coherentorganizations.The RC's Publication ExchangeProgram has afraternity of 18 organizations.Under this program,SDPI publicationsare exchanged withbooks and other materialpublished by partner organizations.The RCalso has a formal Inter-Library Loan arrangementwi th Paki stani librariesin Islamabad, Karachi,and Lahore64S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Management Information SystemThe MIS department of SDPI proved its expertise in:• Systems installation and deployment• Web development• Administration and management of computer networking.Systems Installation And DeploymentThe MIS department is equipped with Pentium IV processor-based machines. 55 workstationsare connected to Local Area Network (LAN). The department is running multi-platform operatingsystems such as Windows, Linux Servers and Solaris. The MIS is maintaining six servers.DatabasesOracle database is running on Linux system having connectivity with the website of SDPI. Detailsof publications are stored in the database.Web ServerInternet connectivity is available through the squid server to the all staff members and the LANis equipped with fast Ethernet 10/100/100 switches and cat 6 cables.Web Dev elopmentThe SDPI website is updated on a daily basis. It can be viewed at: www.sdpi.org.The website continued to be frequented by people seeking information on issues covered bySDPI's research program. The Institute responded to numerous queries regarding institutionalinformation, publications, and research program from national and international organizations.The website is being developed into a comprehensive representation of past and current work ofthe Institute. This includes abstracts of publications, as well as the current research portfolio.The objective is that this becomes the first point of contact for SDPI's national and internationalmembers and partners.Admin and FinanceSDPI has recently moved location from its old office in F6/3 to its current location in G6/3. Thisentailed a great deal of effort in terms of logistics and as always the Admin and Finance personnelworked long hours, sometimes late into the night to ensure a smooth transition to the newoffice. This section is also responsible for all other matters relating to the organization of variousSDPI events and the day to day running operations of the office.Human Resource CentreSDPI has recently increased its staff by hiring a number of new staff members whom we welcome.There are a number of new staff members including Research Fellows, Research Assistantsand Research Associates hired as part of SDPI’s nascent drive to achieve new heights inall spheres of sustainable development. The Human Resource Department continues to growand evolve and perfect the current systems that take care of all recruitment matters.65S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Annexures66S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annexure IAnnual Report2009 - 2010Board of GovernorsDr. Saeed ShafqatMr. Shafqat KakakhelSyed Naveed QamarMr. Etrat H. RizviDr. Qasim JanChairpersonProfessor and DirectorCentre for Public Policy and Governance (CPPG)Forman Christian (College) UniversityMemberFormer Acting Executive Director,United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) andSDPI Senior Advisor on Climate Change IslamabadMemberMinister for Petroleum & Natural ResourcesMemberChief Executive Officer, National Asset Managing Company,KarachiMemberProfessor,National Centre for Excellence in Geology,University of PeshawarMs Roshan Khursheed BharuchaMemberFormer Minister & SenatorMember NCHDDr. Abid Q. SuleriSecretaryExecutive Director SDPIRetired Board of GovernorsDr. Hamida KhuhroSindh,Justice (Retd) MajidaRizvi FormerDr. Masuma HasanFormer Minister for Education and Literacy, Government ofKarachiChairperson, National Commission on the Status of Women,GoPFormer Cabinet Secretary- Government of Pakistan (GoP)Dr. Pervez TahirFormer Professor, GC University, Lahore67S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Annexure 2SDPI Partner OrganizationsNational Linkages• Action Aid-Pakistan• Aurat Foundation• Association for Humanitarian Development (AHD)• Chemical Society of Pakistan• Council of Social Sciences (COSS)• Citizens' Peace Committee (CPC)• Citizens' Forum for Women's Rights• Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities• COMSATS• COMSATS University, Abbottabad• Environmental Protection Agency• Environment Sciences Department, University of Peshawar• Federal Seed Certification Department• Global Alliance for Incineration Alternatives• Government College University, Lahore• Green Circle Organization (GCO), Lahore• Human Development Foundation (HDF)• Human Right Commission of Pakistan (HRCP)• Joint Action Committee (JAC)• Journalists for Democracy and Human Rights (JDHR)• LEAD Paki stan• Ministry of Commerce• Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock (MINFAL), GoP• Ministry of Environment (MoE), GoP• Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications, GoP• Ministry of Minority Affairs (MoMA), GoP• National Rural Support Program (NRSP)• NIDA Pakistan• NRSP• Oxfam GB Pakistan Chapter• Pakistan Network of Rivers, Dams and People• Pakistan Agriculture Research Council (PARC)• Pattan Development Organization• Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE)• Pakistan Institute for Trade and Development• Planning Commission of Pakistan, GoP• Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund (PPAF)• Peshawar University• Rural Support Program Network (RSPN)• Safe Drinking Water Group, Pakistan• Plan Pakistan• Sarhad Rural Support Program• Social Science Research Center Berlin (WZB)• Shirkat Gah• Sindh Rural Support Organization (SRSO)• Sungi Development Foundation68S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010• Sustainable Agriculture Action Group• Sustainable Development Foundation• University of Agriculture, Faisalabad• The Network for Consumer Protection• Women Action Forum (WAF)• Centre for Peace and Development Initiatives (CPDI)• Jinnah Institute (JI)• Insani Haqooq Itehad (IHI)• Pakistan Institute of Labour Education and Research (PILER)• ABT Associ ate Inc (ABT )Regional Linkages• Actionaid Asia• Asia Pacific Forum for Environment and Development (APFED)• Asia Pacific Network of Research Institute for Sustainable Development (NetRes)• Asia Pacific Regional Forum of Global Civil Society (GCS)• Bangladesh Center for Advanced Studies (BCAS)- Bangladesh• Bangladesh Environmental Lawyers Association (BELA)• Climate Action Network South Asia (CANSA)• Consumer Unity and Trust Society (CUTS)- International• Daccan Development Society (DDS)-India• International Development Research Centre (IDRC)- New Delhi• Imagine New South Asia (INSA)-India• Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER)• Institute of Policy Studies, Sri Lanka• Pacific Basin Consortium (PBC) for Environment and Health• Regional Center for Strategic Studies (RCSS)-Sri Lanka• Research and Information System for Developing Countries (RIS) India• South Asia Watch for Trade Economics and Environment (SAWTEE)• The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)- India• United Nations Environment Program Asia Pacific (UNEP- ROAP)• UNEP National Committee of Republic of Korea• World Commission on Dams- South Africa• Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD)• NEED Study Mitigation ExpertInternational Linkages• Agroscope Reckenholz - Tanikon Research Station (ART), Zurich• Blacksmith Institute (BSI), New York• Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)• Catholic Committee for Development (CCFD) France• Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)• Energy Efficient Brick Production, Switzerland• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)• Frederick S. Pardee Institute for Long Range-Range Future• Friedrich Eibert Stiftung (FES)• Global Alliance for Incineration Alternatives (GAIA)• Health Care Without Harm (HCWH)• Heinrich Böll Foundation (HBF)• Henry L Stimsons Center, USA69S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010• International Federation of Rural Adult Catholic Movement FIMARC- Belgium• International Labor Organization (ILO)• Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)- Japan• International Development Research Centre (IDRC)- Canada• International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED)- UK• International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)- Canada• International Society of Doctors for Environment (ISDE)• International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)• International Center for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)• International POPs Elemination Network (IPEN)• National Center for Competence in Research (North-South), Switzerland• Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)• Overseas Development Institute (ODI)-UK• OXFAM (GB)• Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs• Regional and International Networking Group (RING)- UK• Royal Norwegian Embassy (RNE)• Save the children (UK)• Search for Common Grounds (SCG)-USA• Society for International Development (SID)- Italy• Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)• United Nations Development Program (UNDP)• United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP)• United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)• University of Zurich (Human Geography Department)• World Food Program (WFP)• World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)• Zero Mercury• World Health Organization (WHO)• International Center for Religion & Diplomacy (ICRD)70S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annexure 3Annual Report2009 - 2010List of PublicationsWorking Papers SeriesNatural Resource Allocation in Balochistan and NWFP: Reasons for Discontent: Meezan Z.Khwaja, Abid Q. Suleri and Babar Shahbaz, November 2009A Place for Women? Gender as a Social and Political Construct in Pakistan: Nathalène Reynolds,November 2009Land Tenure: Issues in Housing Reconstruction and Income Poverty Case study of EarthquakeaffectedAreas in Hazara: Kaiser Bengali, February 2010Contested Aims, Contested Strategies: New Development Paradigm through the Lens ofAKRSP: Antonia Settle, March 2010Natural Resources: Blessing or Curse: Abid Suleri, Babar Shahbaz and Meezan Z. Khwaja, July2010Forest Management Paradigms and Resource Rights in Historical Perspective: Evidence fromthe Swat District, Pakistan: Talimand Khan, September 2010Floods in Pakistan: Socio-Political and 'Techno-Nature' Challenges a first glance, October2010, Urs Geiser and Abid SuleriResearch Report SeriesDevelopment, Well-being and Sustainability: Aneel Salman, September 2010Policy Brief SeriesWomen's Land Rights in PakistanLand Rights for Pakistani (Muslim) Women: Law and PolicyPolicy Paper SeriesGender and Land Reforms in Pakistan Nazish Brohi, September 2010Books, Reports And Conference ProceedingsPeace and Sustainable Development in South Asia: Issues and Challenges of Globalization(Published by SDPI & Sang-e-Meel Publications) 2009Food Insecurity in Pakistan 2010Projects PublicationClimate Change Negotiations: Civil Society Perspective: Shakeel Ahmad Ramay, November2009Case Study “Closing the Information Gap” Soccer Ball Production for Nike in Pakistan: Karin AstridSiegmann, December 2009Copenhagen and Post Copenhagen Politics: Shakeel Ahmad Ramay and Fatima Rasheed, May2010Women's Land Rights: Research Findings from Pakistan71S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Annexure 4SDPI SeminarsClimate Change/Environment/Energy/WaterWater Conflicts in South-Asia and International Treaties on Environment -Analyses and Way forwardFebruary 08, 2010Speakers• Mr. Asif Shuja Khan, Director General Pak-Environmental Protection Agency• Dr. Amir H Malik, Professor Environment and Metrology• Mr. Azmat hayat, Chief Meteorologist, PMD-I• Mr. Arshad H Abbasi, Visiting Research Associate SDPIEndangered Water Resources of PakistanMarch 22, 2010Mr Mohsin Babbar, Senior JournalistCopenhagen and Post Copenhagen PoliticsApril 05, 2010• Mr Shafqat Kakakhel, United Nations Assi stant Secretary General,• Deputy-Executive-Director Of The United Nations Environment Programme,• Mr Donald Carter, Advisor On Climate Change, Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI)• Dr Mahmood A. Khwaja, Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI)• Mr Arshad H Abbasi, Visiting Research Associate Sdp• Mr Shakeel Ahmad Ramay, Head Of Climate Change, Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI)Climate Change: Role of the Youth of PakistanApril 12, 2010• Mr Shafqat Kakakhel, Former Acting Executive Director, of United Nations EnvironmentProgram,• Muazzum Gil” Assistant Press Attaché' at the American Embassy• Ms Fatima Rasheed, Pakistan Youth Climate Network, Sustainable Development PolicyInstitute (SDPI)Affordable Green Energy: Way ForwardMay 03, 2010• Mr Fazal Mehemood Quarshi, Former Secretary, Electricity Azad Jammu and Kashmir• Syad M. Hussain Gardezi, Director, Private Hydropower Development• Dr Ahmad Rashid Malik, Islamabad Based Independent Political Economist• Dr. Amir H Malik, Professor Environment and Metrology• Mr. Arshad H Abbasi, Advisor Water, SDPI72S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Environment and Health Impacts of Mercury - A Global ConcernJune 03, 2010• Mr Zaighm Abbas, Ministry of Environment, Islamabad• Dr Mahood A khwaja, Sustainable Development Policy Institute, IslamabadEnvironment and Health Impacts of Mercury - A Global ConcernJune 03, 2010• Mr Zaighm Abbas, Ministry of Environment, Islamabad• Dr Mahood A khwaja, Sustainable Development Policy Institute, IslamabadCyclone another ThreatJune 14, 2010• Dr. Muhammad Hanif, Director, National Weather for Casting (NWFC)• Mr. Arshad H Abbasi, Water Expert, Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI)Unprecedented Floods Devastation: Response and ChallengesAugust 19, 2010• Dr Abid Qaiyum Suleri, Executive Director, Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI)• Mr Arshad H Abbasi, Water Expert, Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI)• Mr Shakeel Ahmed Ramay, Head, Climate Change Center, Sustainable Development PolicyInstitute (SDPI)Climate Change and Energy Security: Cooperation between Pakistan andIndiaOctober 21, 2010• Ms Sunita Narian, Director, Centre for Science and Environment, India• Mr Micheal Koeberlein, Director, Heinrich Böll Foundation (HBF)• Mr Surya Sethi, Formal Principle, Advisor Planning Commission of India and Negotiator atUNFCCC• Dr Tariq Banuri, Founder Executive Director, SDPI• Dr Perveez Amir, Senior Economist, ASIANICS• Mr Shafqat Kakakhel, Senior Advisor Environment, former Pakistani Diplomat and highrankingofficial of United Nations• Dr Abid Q. Suleri, Executive Director, Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), Islamabad• Mr Shakeel Ahmed Ramay, Head, Climate Change Study Center, SDPI• Mr Arshad H Abbasi, Advisor, Water and Energy, SDPIEducationEducation Sector BudgetingMay 24, 2010• Mr Ahsan Iqbal,MNA, Former Federal Minister, Education• Mr Mukhtar Ahmad Ali, Executive Director, Centre for Peace and Development Initiatives(CPDI)• Mr Harris Kalique, Policy Analyst73S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Right to Education: What Next?July 26, 2010• Mr Mukhtar Ahmad Ali, Executive Director, Centre for Peace and Development Initiatives(CPDI), Islamabad• Mr Faisal Nadeem Gorchani, Head, Policy Advocacy out ReachGovernance/ Socio Economic Development7th National Finance Commission (NFC) Aw ardJanuary 06, 2010• Mr Fazlullah Qureshi, Former Secretary Planning• Senator Haji Adeel, Member NFC NWFP, Awami National Party (ANP)• Dr Ashfaque H Khan, Dean and Professor, NUST• DrKaiser Bengali, Member NFC, Sindh• Ms Marvi Memon,MNA, Pakistan Muslim League (Q)• Mr Mohsin Babbar, Senior JournalistSocial Safety Nets and Poverty Reduction: Way ForwardFebruary 01, 2010• Ms Farzana Raja, Chairperson, Benazir Income Support Program• Senator Abdul Haseeb Khan, Muttahida Quami Movement (MQM)• Dr Saba Gul Khatak, Former ED, SDPI and Member Planning Commission, Social Sector.• Dr Abid Qaiyum Suleri, Executive Director, Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI)50 Years of Indus Basin TreatyFebruary 22, 2010• Mr. Shams-ul- Mulk, Former Chief Minister of NWFP• Syed Jamait Ali Shah, Commissioner Indus Water• Ms. Marvi Memon, Chairperson of subcommittee of National Assembly on EnvironmentChange• Mr. Shafqat Kakakhel, former UN, assi stant secretary general, deputy executive director ofUnited Nations Environment Programme• Mr. Bashir Malik, Water Expert• Mr. Arshad H Abbasi, Visiting Research Associate SDPIFreedom of Press and governanceMay 06, 2010• Mr Mazher Abbas, Former Secretary Pakistan Federal Union of Journalist• Mr Hamid Mir, Anchor and Columnist Geo TV• Mr Afzal But, Director, National Press Club• Mr Shafaqat Munir, Senior Journalist/ColumnistDegrees and DemocracyJuly 05, 2010• Senator Syed Nayyar Hussain Bukhari, PPPP74S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010• Mr Naeem Sadiq, Industrial Engineer and trainer• Mr Isa Daudpota, Educator• Mr Arshad H Abbasi, Energy Expert SDPIPakistan's Energy Policy: Renewable vs ExpandableJuly 19, 2010• Mr Shafqat Kakakhel, Former United Nations Assi stant Secretary General,• Former Deputy-Executive-Director Of The United Nations Environment Programme, MemberBoard Of Governance, SDPI• Mr Donald Carter, Advisor, Climate Change, Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI)• Mr Shakeel Ahmad Ramay, Head, Climate Change Centre, Sustainable Development PolicyInstitute (SDPI)Productivity, Markets and Communities: A New Development ApproachSeptember 06, 2010• Dr Abid Q. Suleri, Executive Director, Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI),Islamabad• Dr Jaffer Qamer, Chief Economist, Planning Commission of Pakistan• Dr Vaqar Ahmed, Chief (Incharge), Macroeconomics Section, Planning Commission ofPaki stan• Dr Safdar Sohail, Director General, Trade Policy, Ministry of CommercePost Flood Strategy to Rebuild PakistanSeptember 30, 2010• Mr. Azmat Hayyat, Director, Pakistan Metrological Department• Mr. Arshad H. Abbasi, Advisor Water and Energy, SDPISustainable Development in PakistanOctober 23, 2010• Dr Tariq Banuri, Founder Executive Director, SDPI• Dr Adil Najam, The Frederick S. Pardee Professor for Global Public Policy, Boston University,USA• Dr Abid Q. Suleri, Executive Director, Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), IslamabadPolice Reforms: Challenges and OpportunitiesNovember 08, 2010• Mr Daniyal Aziz, Advisor, Governance Institutes Network International (GINI)• Syed Kamal Shah, Former Federal Secretary Interior (to be confirmed)• Mr Farhat Kazmi, SP, T raffic , Capital T erritory Police, Islamabad• Ms Gulmina Bilal, Director, Individualland, Islamabad• Mr Mukhtar Ahmad Ali, Executive Director, Centre for Peace and Development Initiatives(CPDI), Islamabad75S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Human Rights/ GenderMilitancy, Security and Fundamental Rights and Role of Women in PeaceBuildingFebruary 23, 2009• Dr Fouzia Saeed• Dr Farzana Bari• Ms Nasreen AzharInternational Women's Day: Bringing forth Ideas of Youth for Community Ownership ofViolence Against Women (VAW)March 08, 2010• Ms Fauzia Ejaz, MNA, MQM• Ms Mome Saleem, Research Associate, (SDPI)• World Consumer Rights DayOur Money Our Rights Consumer Financing in PakistanMarch 15, 2010• Mr Batish Tipu, Advocate High Court and Federal Shariya, Development Consultant onHealth and Consumer Issues• Dr Arif Azad, Executive Coordinator, The Network• Ms Mehnaz Paracha, National Advocacy And Research Coordinator, The NetworkWomen emancipation and Islamic Ideological FoundationMarch 16, 2010• Safiya Ghori, served as the South Asia policy analyst at the United States Commission onInternational Religious Freedom (USCIRF)Equal Rights Equal Opportunities: Progress for All• Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri, Executive Director, Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI)• Ms. Kathrine M Mortenson, U.S. Diplomat, Lecture on “Investing in Women and Girls”• Ms. Alicia Carra, U.S. Diplomat, Lecture on “Women and Peace”Effectiveness of UN 1325 on Lives of Women in PakistanAugust 02, 2010• Dr Saba Gul Khattak, Member of Planning Commission of Pakistan• Ms Anbreen Ajaib, Director, Bedari• Ms Kishwar Sultana, Executive Director, INSAN Foundation Trust• Ms Anbreen Yasin Khan, Program Officer, Bedari• The Need for Inter-Governmental Human Rights Mechanism in South Asia• November 15, 2010• Mr Subodh Raj Pyakurel, Chairperson, Asian Forum for Human Rights & Development,Bangkok, T hailand• Mr Surya Deuja, Manager, Forum-Asia, South Asia Department, Bangkok, Thailand76S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Budget 2010/ EconomyPre- Budget DialogueMay 21, 2009• Senator Khurshid Ahmed• Dr Ashfaq Hassan• Senator Saleem Saif Ullah Khan• Mr Arshad H Abbasi, Energy Expert, SDPI• Mr Khalil Kiyani, Senior Journalist• Mr Shamim ur Rehman Siddique• Dr Abid Qaiyum Suleri• Mr Afzal Butt President National Press Club, Islamabad• Mr Arshad H Abbasi, Energy Expert, SDPI• Mr Khalil Kiyani, Senior Journalist• Mr Shamim ur Rehman Siddique• Dr Abid Qaiyum Suleri, Executive Director• Mr Afzal Butt President National Press Club, IslamabadAnalysis of Federal Budget 2010-11June 16, 2010• Mr Sakib Shi rani , Advi sor Mini stry of Finance• Dr Pervaiz Tahir, Former Chief Economist• Dr Nazia Salim, FC University Lahore• Dr Abid Q. Suleri, Executive Director, SDPINational Budget: NFC and 18th AmendmentJune 17, 2010• Mr Fazlullah Quraishy, Former Secretary Planning• Mr Imtiaz Alam, President, SAFMA• Dr Kaiser Bengali, Advisor to Chief Minister Sindh• Senator Hajji Adeel, ANPFederal Budget: Rev enue and Taxation (VAT)June 23, 2010• Dr Ashfaque H Khan, Dean and Professor, NUST• Mr Zahid Maqbool, President M/s Maqbool Enterpri ses Paki stan Busi ness• Mr Hafi z M Idrees, Income T ax Bar Associ ation• Mr Fazal Faraz, Sales Tax ExpertFederal Budget: Pro poor planning and Social Safety NetsJune 24, 2010• Mr. Sajjad Akhter, Director Policy Research, PIDAT• Mr. Shabban Khalid, Expert Poverty Evaluation• Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri, Executive Director, SDPI77S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Federal Budget: Energy SectorJune 25, 2010• Mr Sham-sul- Mulk , Former Chief Minister, NWFP• Mr Arshad Abbasi, Energy Expert (SDPI)Federal Budget: Food Security and AgricultureJune 28, 2010• Dr. Zafar Altaf, Chairman Pakistan Agricultural Research Council• Mr. Ibrahim Mughal, Chairman, Farmer Association of Pakistan (FAP)• Dr. Abid Q. Suleri, Executive Director (SDPI)PSDP: Structure and Process IJune 29, 2010• Mr Shahid Kardar, Renowned Economist• Mr. Abdullah Yusuf, Former Chairman FBRPSDP: Structure and Process IIJune 30, 2010• Dr Nadeem-ul-haq, Deputy Chairman Planning Commission• Dr. Abid Aman Burki, Professor Economics, LUMS• Dr. Abid Q. Suleri, Executive Director (SDPI)Federal Budget: Response to Conflict & TerrorismJuly 01, 2010• Lt-Gen® Talat Masood, Security and Defense Analyst• Syed Kamal Shah Federal Secretary Interior• Mr Sahib Haq, World Food ProgrammeFederal Budget: Health SectorJuly 02, 2010• Ms Sania Nishter President, Heart File• Dr. Khalif Bile Mohamud, WHO Representative & Head of Mission• Dr. A J Khan, Former Director General HealthHealthHealth and Need Assessment of Afghan Refugees in PakistanJanuary 18, 2010• Dr Mohsin Saeed Khan, Consultant and Health Specialist• Mr Hassan Khan, Director, News and Current Affairs, Khyber TV• Mr Aimal Khan, Manager- Policy Advocacy Program Sungi Development Foundation, PoliticalAnalyst78S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Safe Drinking Water through SODIS MethodAugust 09, 2010• Mr Shahid Mahmood, Director, Community Action Program (CAP), Faisalabad• Mr Naseer A. Gillani, Chief Water, Planning Commission of Pakistan• Mr Jamshed Ul Hasan, Deputy Chief of Party, Pakistan Safe Drinking Water and HygienePromotion Project, USAIDHousehold Water Treatments (HWTs) at point-of-use to Access Safe Drinking Water Technologiesfor Flood Surviv orsOctober 31, 2010• Mr Imran Shauket, Chief of Party, Pakistan Safe Drinking Water & Hygiene Promotion Project(PSDW-HPP), Abt Associates Inc• Ms Jamila Khatoon Warsi, System Manager/Programme Assi stant, Swiss Agency for Developmentand Cooperation (SDC), Pakistan Office• Dr Mahmood A. Khwaja, Research Fellow, Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI), IslamabadFood SecurityEmerging wheat Crisis: Ensuring Food Security?January, 25, 2010• Mr.Sahib Haq, World Food Program• Dr. Qadir Bux Baloch, Agricultural Development Commissioner, Ministry of Food and Agriculture• Mr. Abdul Qadir Khanzada, MQM MNA• Mr. Rana Shafiq, Green Circle OrganizationState of Food (in)Security in PakistanJune 02, 2010• Mr. Nazar Mohammad Gondal, Federal Minister for Food, Agriculture and Livestock• Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri, Executive Director, SDPI• Mr. Pius Rohner , Country Director, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation• Mr. Wolfgang Herbinger, Country Director, World Food Program PakistanImpact of Food Inflation on Women and GirlsAugust 23, 2010• Dr. Saba Gul Khattak, Member, Planning Commission of Pakistan• Dr. Sajjad Akhtar, Poverty Economist• Ms. Sameena Nazeer, Executive Director, Potohar Organization for Development Advocacy• Ms. Aqsa Khan, Executive Director, Women's Organization for Rights and Development(WORD)• Dr. Abid Q. Suleri, Executive Director, Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI)Post Flood Food Security in PakistanSeptember 08, 2010• Mr Junaid Iqbal Chauhdry, Federal Secretary for79S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010• Mr Wolfgang Herbinger, Country Director, WFP• Food and Agriculture, Govt. of Pakistan• Mr. John Powell, former WFP Executive Director• Mr. Ernesto Morosin, Head of Humanitarian Aid, SDC• Dr Abid Qaiyum Suleri, Executive Director, SDPI• Mr Siemon Hollema, VAM Advisor• Mr. Henri Josserand, Economist, WFP• Mr Luigi Damiani, Representative, Food and Agriculture Organization of UN (FAO)• Mr Inayatullah Khan, Agriculture Development Commissioner,• Ministry of Food and Agriculture• Mr Zubair Murshed, National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)• Dr Mustafa, Pakistan Humanitarian Forum (PHF)• Ms Asma Shirazi, Senior Anchor/producer, SAMAA TV80S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annexure 5Annual Report2009 - 2010CCB Training Calendar for the Year 201081S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Annexure 6The SDPI FamilyResearch StaffDr. Abid Qaiyum SuleriDr. Mahmood A. KhwajaMr. Muhammad Salim KhawajaDr. Syed Nazre HyderMr. Qasim ShahMs. Afshan AhmedMs. Afsheen NazMs. Anusha SheraziMs. Faiqa UmerMs. Farzana YasminMr. Gulbaz Ali KhanMr. Hamid Ismail KhattakMs. Javeriya HasanMr. Kanwar Muhammad Javed IqbalMs. Mome SaleemMr. Muhammad AzharMs. Munazza AnwerMs. Nazima ShaheenMr. Syed Mohsin Ali KazmiMr. Talimand KhanMr. Zeeshan Ali KhanMr. Muhammad Arif NaveedMr. Naveed AhmedMr. Tahir AhmedMr. Fayyaz YaseenMs. Humaira IshfaqMr. Rafay KhanMr. Shakeel AhmedMs. Fatima RasheedMs. Sara MehboobMr. Zuhair MunawarMr. Muhammad Akbar Ali MalikExecutive DirectorSenior Advisor SIDCSenior Advisor, Education and Religious DiversitySenior Economic AdvisorDirector Programme DevelopmentResearch AssociateResearch Assi stantResearch Assi stantResearch AssociateProject AssociateResearch AssociateResearch Assi stantResearch Assi stantResearch AssociateResearch AssociateConsultantInternResearch AssociateM & E OfficerSurvey CoordinatorResearch Assi stantResearch AssociateConsultantConsultantConsultantResearch Assi stantResearch Assi stantResearch AssociateResearch Assi stantResearch Assi stantResearch Assi stantResearch Assi stant82S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Support StaffMIS UnitAbdul Nasir KhanSyed Adnan HassanFaizan Ahmed NasirUmm-e-Mariya ShahAbdul Nasir KhanSyed Adnan HassanFaizan Ahmed NasirUmm-e-Mariya ShahAdministration UnitAnsar Mehmood JanjuaArshia GhafoorSnober ButtDilawar NazirInderyas YousafMuhammad HussainMuhammad KhurshidMuhammad RiazMumtaz HussainKaram Hussai nAdministration OfficerInternReceptionistOffice HelperMateDriverDriverGardnerSecurity GuardSecurity GuardHuman Resources UnitIrum ErfanMuhammad UsmanHumayun FarooqPolicy Advocacy UnitManager Human ResourcesAssistant HR OfficerInternFaisal Nadeem GorchaniSadia SharifResource CentreAdvocacy CoordinatorAdvocacy OfficerRobina GulnazSharaft HussainCentre for Capacity BuildingAssistant Library CoordinatorLibrary AssistantMuhammad YasinZill-I-EhsanAsad Raza ShahAsif MehmoodSenior Advisor SDPI for Capacity BuildingManager TrainingTraining AssociateProgram Support Associate83S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Sustainable Development Conference UnitUzma Tariq HaroonAyesha SalmanSadia YousafiSDC CoordinatorSDC Assistant CoordinatorInternVisiting Research FellowsDr. Peter Lund ThomsenDr. Saba Gul KhattakDr. Safdar SohailDr. Shaheen Rafi KhanDr. Shaukat FarooqDr. Syed Noman ul HaqDr. Shaukat FarooqDr. Zia MianDr. Ayesha SiddiqqaDr. Babar ShahzadDr. Haider K. NizamaniDr. Kaiser BengaliDr. Kalkash AbubakirovaDr. Karin Astrid SeigmannDr. Lubna ChaudhryDr. Nathalene ReynoldsSDPI Celebrating Mr. Ahmad salim’s Pride of Performance Aw ard84S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annexure 7Annual Report2009 - 2010Articles Written by SDPI StaffTitle of Article W ritten by LinksLife f ood f or Sur vi val: C oping with Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/aug2010- weekl y/ nos-01-08- 2010/Growing Food Ins ecurity is a Dauntingpol1. ht m#2ChallengeBasic Ins tinct: earl y 700000 Hectaresof St anding Crops are UnderWat er or Destroyed and in ManyCases, Sur vivi ng Animals are WithoutF eedHelp Damage Assessment AidPledge do not Seem to Materialisedue to Lac k of Scientific Ass essmentof DestructionDr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http://jang.com.pk/thenews/aug2010-weekl y/nos-15-08-2010/pol 1.htmDr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/aug2010- weekl y/ nos-29-08- 2010/pol1. ht m#3Food Sec urity aft er the Floods Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http://tribune.com.pk/stor y/43157/food-sec urity-after-the-floods/Role of NGOs in Flood Relief Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http://tribune.com.pk/stor y/46151/role-of- ngos-in-flood-relief /Food s ecurit y – Hunger Pains Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/f eb2010-weekl y/ nos-27-02-2010/pol1. ht m#2On Poverty-Led Suicides Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http://tribune.com.pk/stor y/55252/on-poverty-led-suicides /A New Insight into the Educ ationalSys temAfshan Ahmedhttp:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/jul2010-weekl y/ nos-18-07-2010/pol1. ht m#9Fiscal Fire-Fighting Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http:// www.thenews .com.pk/dail y_detail.as p?id= 243747Trade Si x D ecades aft er Separation Dr. Abid Qaiyum Sulerihttp:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/jun2010- weekl y/nos-13-06-2010/pol1. ht m#9Aman Ki Asha: The T wain ShallMeetMs. Afshan Ahmedhttp:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/jun2010- weekl y/nos-27-06-2010/pol1. ht m#8Hydropower: Clean Energy Mr. Arshad H. Abbasi http://www.dawn.com/wps /wc m/c onnect/dawn-content-library/dawn/the-news paper/editorial/ hydropower-clean-energy-430Fundamental Shift: An i ndicator of Dr. Abid Qaiyum SuleriSuccessf ul I mplement ation of theHuman Securit y Paradigm would bea Visible R eduction in t he Gap betweenthe Haves and H ave-notshttp://jang.com.pk/thenews/nov2010- weekl y/nos-21-11- 2010/pol1.htm#2Lacking Disaster Management Skills Mr. Shakeel Ahmed Ramay http:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/nov2010-weekl y/nos-28- 11-2010/pol1. ht m#9The Government’s Efforts to Put its Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/nov2010-weekl y/nos-28- 11-2010/Development agenda Bef ore t hepol1. ht m#2WorldClimate C hange – Bac k I n BadShapeMr. Shakeel Ahmed Ramey http:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/oc t2010- weekl y/nos-03-10-2010/pol1. ht m#2Development Out of Sight: Floodscannot be the Excus e f or NotAchieving The MDGsDying is Easier Than Getting a DivorceMs. Afshan AhmedMs. Mome Saleemhttp:// www.jang.com. pk/t henews/oc t2010- weekl y/nos-24-10-2010/pol1. ht m#6Ultimate Discover yMissing the Boat Ami d Floods Dr. Abid Qaiyum Suleri http://jang.com.pk/thenews/nov2010- weekl y/nos-07-11- 2010/pol1.htm#285S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Annexure 8Auditor’s Report86S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 201087S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 201088S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e

Annual Report2009 - 2010Mailing Address: PO Box 2342, Is lamabad, Pakistan38, Embassy Road, Ataturk Avenue, G-6/3, Islamabad.Telephone: ++(92-51) 2277146, 2278134, 2278136, 2270674-6Fax: ++(92-51) 2278135URL: www.sdpi.org e-mail: main@sdpi.org89S u s t a I n a b l e D e v e l o p m e n t P o l I c y I n s t I t u t e