Smart Grids Roadmap - Smart Grid Sherpa

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Figure 13. Regional CO 2emissions reduction from smart grid deploymentEconomies in transition0.400.300.400.20Gt CO per year20.10OECD North Amercia0.400.002015 2030 20500.30China0.300.200.20Middle East2015 2030 2050OECD Europe0.400.300.20Gt CO per year2Gt CO per year0.1020.000.40OECD Pacific0.100.302015 2030 20500.200.10Gt CO per year20.002015 2030 20500.000.10Gt CO per year2India0.400.400.300.000.302015 2030 2050Gt CO per yearDirect reductions: energy savings from peak load management,continuous commissioning of service sector loads, accelerateddeployment of energy efficiency programmes, reduced line lossesand direct feedback on energy usage28 Technology Roadmaps Smart grids0.200.20Gt CO per year220.10Central and South America0.100.000.400.002015 2030 20502015 2030 20500.30AfricaOther developing Asia0.200.400.40Gt CO per year20.100.300.300.000.20Gt CO per year0.20Gt CO per year2015 2030 2050220.100.100.000.002015 2030 20502015 2030 2050Enabled reductions: greater integration of renewablesand facilitation of EV and PHEV deploymentKEY POINT: Smart grid deployment enables significant CO 2emissions reductions.© OECD/IEA, 2010
commodities such as oil, gas, coal and nuclearfuel. In markets where consumers are billed usingpricing schemes that do not vary based on realproduction costs (flat-rate based pricing), there isno real- or near real-time link to production costsand consumption. Smart grids can help consumersmanage energy use – by taking advantage of loweroff-peak prices, for example – so that even if theprice of electricity is significantly higher duringpeak times, their monthly or annual bills wouldchange little. Technology that can accomplish thisvaries in industrial, service and consumer sectors;some of it is mature and has been deployed formany years, especially in the industrial sectors.Further study is required of the costs and benefitsand behavioural aspects of electricity usage inorder to identify solutions that enable consumersto manage electricity better and minimise costs.The environmental costs and security benefitsto society of the electricity system are notcompletely taken into account in currentregulatory frameworks for production, use andmarket arrangements. Companies typically investlarge amounts of capital to build electricitysystem assets and receive regulated rates ofreturn over a long time period – especially inthe transmission and distribution sectors. In thecurrent technologically mature market, this is alow-risk, low-reward model. Future grid regulation,however, will need to incorporate factors such asgreenhouse gas emission reductions and systemsecurity into operating costs. For smart griddeployment to become a reality, all stakeholdersmust bear their fair share of benefits, costs andrisks – especially end-users, who ultimately payfor the electricity service. This can only happenthrough clever market design and regulation, andsustained stakeholder engagement that will enablenew technology demonstration or deploymentat an acceptable level of risk, taking into accountthe existing status of the system as well asfuture needs. If this is accomplished, the costsand benefits can be rationalised and defended,ensuring the development of a clean, secure andeconomical electricity system.Vision for smart grid deployment to 205029© OECD/IEA, 2010
Page 4 and 5: Table of contentsForeword 1Table of
Page 6 and 7: AcknowledgementsThis publication wa
Page 8 and 9: IntroductionThere is a pressing nee
Page 10 and 11: Figure 2. Smart grids can linkelect
Page 12 and 13: Electricity system needs for today
Page 14 and 15: line rating special protection sche
Page 16 and 17: Figure 6. Example of a 24-hour elec
Page 18 and 19: Adequacy concerns introduced by the
Page 20 and 21: cable or telephone), support data t
Page 22 and 23: Table 3 highlights a number of hard
Page 24 and 25: Box 3. Smart communitiesSeveral con
Page 26: Vision for smart grid deployment to
Page 29: Interpreting results and furtherana
Page 33 and 34: operators have made it clear that m
Page 35 and 36: Interoperability Framework for smar
Page 37 and 38: Electricity system and market opera
Page 39 and 40: This roadmap recommends the followi
Page 41 and 42: zzzzHow much time differentiation i
Page 43 and 44: International collaborationThis roa
Page 45 and 46: Conclusion: near-term roadmapaction
Page 47 and 48: GlossaryCritical peak pricing (CPP)
Page 49 and 50: ReferencesBazilian, M. and Welsch,
Page 52: Technology Roadmaps Smart Grids2015

Smart Grids Roadmap - Smart Grid Sherpa

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