U.S.-FocUSed Biochar report - BioEnergy Lists

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ConclusionSociety has hundreds of devices and industrial processes that use wood and other biomass as fuel, deliver useableheat, and generate ash. A similar integration of options to consume biomass, provide useable heat, and createbiochar would simultaneously provide renewable energy, address GHG issues and promote improved agriculturalproductivity. Distributed biochar production by CHAB devices in affluent and impoverished societies worldwidecan make an important contribution to the local and global challenges that face all societies in the future.Renewable biomass is everywhere, often representing a disposal cost or under-utilized byproduct in fossil fuelintensiveindustrial agriculture. Diversion of these “wastes” into sustainable Combined Heat and Biochar deviceswould complete the recycling of natural resources that Mother Nature practiced before the age of coal, oil andnatural gas.26U.S.-Focused Biochar Report:Assessment of Biochar’s Benefits for the United States of America
Biochar for reclamation in:The Role of Biochar in the Carbon Dynamicsin Drastically Disturbed Soilsandrew Harley, PhDandrewharley@R2INCORPORATED.COMShrestha & Lal (2006) defines drastically disturbed soils as those where native vegetation and annual communitieshave been removed with most of the topsoil lost, altered or buried, and describe three main groups (in orderof commonality):1. Construction related (urban centers, roadways and highways, fills and shoulders)2. Resource development (mining, oil and gas, aggregate); and3. Eroded farmland and rangeland.Historically, drastically disturbed landscapes have been discussed in relation to the alteration of whole ecosystemswith respect to nutrient and water cycling (Shrestha and Lal 2006). Soil organic matter decline is seen asa key component in drastically disturbed lands, impacting ecosystem functions such as air and water quality,wildlife habitat condition and agricultural productivity. A landscape-scale approach to managing soil carboncan improve ecological functions of soil and landscapes for the benefit of society (Reed 2007). Recent focus hasalso been placed on the importance of drastically disturbed lands (especially those of resource development)contributing to the atmospheric CO 2 emissions by soil disturbance and cleared biomass decomposition, andas such, provide an important opportunity to address ecosystem functions, carbon sequestration and generalsustainability issues through restoration and reclamation (Shrestha et al. 2009). The use of biochar to addressthese issues in agricultural landscapes also has potential in the restoration of drastically disturbed landscapes.This paper discusses this potential in the restoration of drastically disturbed lands with respect to all three components:ecosystem function, carbon sequestration and general sustainability.The Potential for Biochar to Improve Ecosystem Function in Drastically DisturbedLandscapesAkala and Lal (2001) estimate that up to 70% of soil organic carbon is lost during drastic land disturbance. Soilorganic matter decline in drastically disturbed land occurs through the following mechanisms (Anderson et al.2008):• Erosion of soil during stripping, storing, respreading and seeding;• Water and wind erosion;• Reduced inputs from vegetation in the form of above-ground and below-ground litter; andBiochar for reclamation in:The Role of Biochar in the Carbon Dynamics in Drastically Disturbed Soils27
Page 2 and 3: AcknowledgmentsThe Center for Energ
Page 4 and 5: U.S.-Focused Biochar Report:Assessm
Page 7 and 8: an efficiency of 32% and convention
Page 9 and 10: tion of N and S) get enriched in th
Page 11 and 12: Benefits of Biofuels and Potential
Page 13 and 14: conversion were taken into account.
Page 15 and 16: Lal, R. 2003. Global Potential of S
Page 17 and 18: Skjemstad, J. O., D. C. Reicosky, A
Page 19 and 20: Biochar and energy linkages in:Bioc
Page 21 and 22: of value. Depending on the process,
Page 23 and 24: eowner will have one half of the 3.
Page 25: 100%10%Char yeild (wt % of dry biom
Page 28 and 29: chars acting more like lime and rai
Page 34 and 35: • Free biochar particles with emb
Page 36 and 37: Smernik (2009) has suggested that b
Page 38 and 39: al. (2009) reported a reduction in
Page 40 and 41: Bauer A, Black AL (1994) Quantifica
Page 42 and 43: Shrestha RK, Lal R (2007) Soil Carb
Page 44 and 45: Sustainability OverviewThe most com
Page 46 and 47: • thinnings (both understory and
Page 48 and 49: nineties, more than six million acr
Page 50 and 51: 3. Biomass shall not come from land
Page 52 and 53: Sustainability Protocol Purpose 181
Page 54 and 55: • Administrative• Social• Qua
Page 56 and 57: y Biochar.- Societal Benefits: Bioc
Page 58 and 59: 1 hectare (ha) = 2.47 acres; 100 he
Page 60 and 61: the seven in the BBTV.Continuing al
Page 62 and 63: F2 (Expanded forestry residues; 0.1
Page 64 and 65: projects (p 81 of his thesis) doubl
Page 66 and 67: Other Global NPP. projections To be
Page 68 and 69: former term, as well as “Biochar
Page 70 and 71: Biochar relevance in GHG markets in
Page 72 and 73: It is far easier to measure emissio
Page 74 and 75: STEPS ANDDOCUMENTATIONRESPONSIBLE P
Page 76 and 77: only account for 4.5% of members’
Page 78 and 79: Analysis: Biochar And Carbon Market
Page 80 and 81:
Quantification of reductions for bi
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