U.S.-FocUSed Biochar report - BioEnergy Lists

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Fearnside, Philip M., Paulo Mauício Lima, Alencastro Graça, and Fernando José Alves Rodrigues. 2001. Burningof Amazonian rainforest: burning efficiency and charcoal formation in forest cleared for cattle pasture nearManaus, Brazil. Forest Ecology and Management 146:115-128.Gaskin, Julia W., Christoph Steiner, Keith Harris, K. C. Das, and Brian Bibens. 2008. Effect of Low-TemperaturePyrolysis Conditions on Biochar for Agricultural Use. Transactions of the ASABE 51 (6):2061-2069.Gathorne-Hardy, Alfred, J Knight, and J Woods. 2009. Biochar as a soil amendment positively interacts with nitrogenfertilizer to improve barley yields in the UK. Paper read at Climate Change: Global Risks, Challengesand Decisions.Gaunt, John, and Annette Cowie. 2009. Biochar, Greenhouse Gas Accounting and Emissions Trading. In Biocharfor Environmental Management: Science and Technology, edited by J. Lehmann and S. Joseph. London:Earthscan.Gaunt, John L., and Johannes Lehmann. 2008. Energy balance and emissions associated with biochar sequestrationand pyrolysis bioenergy production. Environmental Science & Technology 42 (11):4152-4158.Gehring, Christoph. 2003. The role of biological nitrogen fixation in secondary and primary forests of CentralAmazonia. PhD, University of Bonn, Bonn.Gevao, B., K. T. Semple, and K.C. Jones. 2000. Bound pesticide residues in soils: a review. Environmental Pollution108 (1):3-14.Glaser, B., G. Guggenberger, L. Haumaier, and W. Zech. 2001. Persistence of Soil Organic Matter in ArchaeologicalSoils (Terra Preta) of the Brazilian Amazon Region. In Sustainable management of soil organic matter,edited by R. M. Rees, B. C. Ball, C. D. Campbell and C. A. Watson. Wallingford: CABI Publishing.Glaser, Bruno, Johannes Lehmann, and Wolfgang Zech. 2002. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties ofhighly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal - a review. Biology and Fertility of Soils 35:219-230.Grace, P. R., J. M. Oades, H. Keith, and T. W. Hancock. 1995. Trends in wheat yields and soil organic carbon in thepermanent Rotation Trial at the Waite Agricultural Research Institute, South Australia. Australian Journalof Experimental Agriculture 35:857-864.Herzog, Howard, Ken Caldeira, and John Reilly. 2003. An Issue of Permanence: Assessing the Effectiveness ofTemporary Carbon Storage. Climatic Change 59 (3):293-310.Iswaran, V., K. S. Jauhri, and A. Sen. 1979. Effect of charcoal, coal and peat on the yield of moong, soybean and pea.Soil Biology & Biochemistry 12:191-192.Karlen, Douglas L., Rattan Lal, Ronald F. Follett, John M. Kimble, Jerry L. Hatfield, John M. Miranowski, CynthiaA. Cambardella, Andrew Manale, Robert P. Anex, and Charles W. Rice. 2009. Crop Residues: The Rest of theStory. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43:8011-8015.Kolb, Simone E., Kevin J. Fermanich, and Mathew E. Dornbush. 2008. Effect of Charcoal Quantity on MicrobialBiomass and Activity in Temperate Soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal (4):1173-1181.Kollmuss, Anja, Helge Zink, and Clifford Polycarp. 2008. Making Sense of the Voluntary Carbon Market: A Comparisonof Carbon Offset Standards.Korontzi, Stefania, Jessica McCarty, Tatiana Loboda, Suresh Kumar, and Chris Justice. 2006. Global distributionof agricultural fires in croplands from 3 years of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)data. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 20 (GB2021):1-15.Kuzyakov, Yakov, Irina Subbotina, Haiqing Chen, Irina Bogomolova, and Xingliang Xu. 2009. Black carbon decompositionand incorportaion into soil microbial biomass estimated by 14C labeling. Soil Biology & Biochemistry41:210-219.Laird, David A., Pierce Fleming, Dedrick D. Davis, Robert Horton, Baiqun Wang, and Douglas L. Karlen. 2010.Impact of Biochar Amendments on the Quality of a Typical Midwestern Agricultural Soil. Geoderma articlein press.10U.S.-Focused Biochar Report:Assessment of Biochar’s Benefits for the United States of America
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Page 2 and 3: AcknowledgmentsThe Center for Energ
Page 4 and 5: U.S.-Focused Biochar Report:Assessm
Page 7 and 8: an efficiency of 32% and convention
Page 9 and 10: tion of N and S) get enriched in th
Page 11 and 12: Benefits of Biofuels and Potential
Page 13: conversion were taken into account.
Page 17 and 18: Skjemstad, J. O., D. C. Reicosky, A
Page 19 and 20: Biochar and energy linkages in:Bioc
Page 21 and 22: of value. Depending on the process,
Page 23 and 24: eowner will have one half of the 3.
Page 25: 100%10%Char yeild (wt % of dry biom
Page 28 and 29: chars acting more like lime and rai
Page 30 and 31: ConclusionSociety has hundreds of d
Page 34 and 35: • Free biochar particles with emb
Page 36 and 37: Smernik (2009) has suggested that b
Page 38 and 39: al. (2009) reported a reduction in
Page 40 and 41: Bauer A, Black AL (1994) Quantifica
Page 42 and 43: Shrestha RK, Lal R (2007) Soil Carb
Page 44 and 45: Sustainability OverviewThe most com
Page 46 and 47: • thinnings (both understory and
Page 48 and 49: nineties, more than six million acr
Page 50 and 51: 3. Biomass shall not come from land
Page 52 and 53: Sustainability Protocol Purpose 181
Page 54 and 55: • Administrative• Social• Qua
Page 56 and 57: y Biochar.- Societal Benefits: Bioc
Page 58 and 59: 1 hectare (ha) = 2.47 acres; 100 he
Page 60 and 61: the seven in the BBTV.Continuing al
Page 62 and 63: F2 (Expanded forestry residues; 0.1
Page 64 and 65:
projects (p 81 of his thesis) doubl
Page 66 and 67:
Other Global NPP. projections To be
Page 68 and 69:
former term, as well as “Biochar
Page 70 and 71:
Biochar relevance in GHG markets in
Page 72 and 73:
It is far easier to measure emissio
Page 74 and 75:
STEPS ANDDOCUMENTATIONRESPONSIBLE P
Page 76 and 77:
only account for 4.5% of members’
Page 78 and 79:
Analysis: Biochar And Carbon Market
Page 80 and 81:
Quantification of reductions for bi
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