Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians - UNEP - Division of ...

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4 Servicing Content Practices Avoiding contaminants 4 Servicing RAC systems 4 Detection methods 4 Why charge refrigerant blends as liquids? 4 Further reading 4
Summary This section will provide the technician with the ability to understand the causes of main operational problems presented by vapour compression refrigeration or air conditioning systems. It is important to understand how to avoid them through the adoption of good practices, and to be aware of the main precautions which should be taken when servicing installations and systems. Methods and techniques that are used when working on systems, primarily during servicing exercises, are discussed. In particular, this includes the consideration of system cleanliness (moisture, acid, non-condensable), and the means for overcoming these problems, such as proper evacuation methods and system purging. To avoid such issues in the first place demands appropriate procedures associated with tightness testing (“leak testing”) and refrigerant charging, which are described. 4 Servicing Practices Technicians have the important role of making the operation of RAC systems the most energy efficient and decreasing refrigerant emissions. This can only be achieved by the adoption of good practices. The section starts with the evaluation of the problems due to the presence of moisture and contaminants in the system, and how to avoid them through purging and evacuation, charging, and leak testing. The important measurement instruments and tools necessary to achieve good servicing practices are included. A technician should be should be able to achieve the following servicing operations: • Leak detection, purging and evacuation. • Charging refrigerants. • Identifying the servicing-specific tubing tools and techniques of sizing, un-rolling, cutting, bending, flaring, swaging, piercing, pinching and welding. • Identifying the proper use of servicing instruments: manifold gauges, charging scales, and thermometers.
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Manual for Refrigeration Servicing
Page 3 and 4:
Introduction When to use the manual
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Introduction The Factors affecting
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Introduction How to assess conditio
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Introduction Characteristics of Sel
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Introduction Another form of refere
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Introduction Choose your chapter Th
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1 Environmental impact of refrigera
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1 Environmental Impact The ozone la
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1 Environmental Impact RADIATION FR
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1 Environmental Impact The ozone la
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1 Environmental Impact Effects of o
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1 Environmental Impact The greenhou
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1 Environmental Impact Timeline act
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1 Environmental Impact Alternative
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1 Environmental Impact The way forw
Page 33 and 34: 2 Refrigerants 2.1. Section objecti
Page 35 and 36: 2 Refrigerants Chemical properties
Page 37 and 38: 2 Refrigerants Safety characteristi
Page 39 and 40: 2 Refrigerants Types of refrigerant
Page 41 and 42: 2 Refrigerants Those with ozone dep
Page 43 and 44: 2 Refrigerants Those with zero ozon
Page 45 and 46: 2 Refrigerants Carbon dioxide (CO2,
Page 47 and 48: 2 Refrigerants Azeotropic Blends An
Page 49 and 50: 2 Refrigerants Using Refrigerant Bl
Page 51 and 52: 2 Refrigerants Lubricants Today, al
Page 53 and 54: 2 Refrigerants Refrigerants and app
Page 55 and 56: 2 Refrigerants Properties of most c
Page 57 and 58: 3 Refrigerants Content Management M
Page 59 and 60: 3 Refrigerant Management The majori
Page 61 and 62: 3 Refrigerant Management Handling o
Page 63 and 64: 3 Refrigerant Management Recovery c
Page 65 and 66: 3 Refrigerant Management Refrigeran
Page 67 and 68: 3 Refrigerant Management Refrigeran
Page 69 and 70: 3 Refrigerant Management Open Refri
Page 71 and 72: 3 Refrigerant Management CHAPITRE 3
Page 73 and 74: 3 Refrigerant Management Recycling
Page 75 and 76: 3 Refrigerant Management equipment
Page 79 and 80: 3 Refrigerant Management PAGE 22 Ex
Page 83: 3 Refrigerant Management Further re
Page 87 and 88: 4 Servicing Practices Moisture Mois
Page 89 and 90: 4 Servicing Practices Non-condensab
Page 91 and 92: 4 Servicing Practices Evacuation A
Page 93 and 94: 4 Servicing Practices 7 - For large
Page 95 and 96: 4 Servicing Practices Pressure unit
Page 97 and 98: CHAPITRE 4 4PAGE 10 LEAK DETECTION
Page 99 and 100: 4 Servicing Practices Detection met
Page 101 and 102: 4 Servicing Practices CHAPITRE 4 PA
Page 103 and 104: 4 Servicing Practices Volumetric ch
Page 105 and 106: 4 Servicing Practices Electronic ch
Page 107 and 108: 4 Servicing Practices Why charge re
Page 109 and 110: 5 Retrofitting Content General retr
Page 111 and 112: 5 Retrofitting • Upon evaluation
Page 113 and 114: 5 Retrofitting General retrofitting
Page 115 and 116: 5 Retrofitting procedures that you
Page 117 and 118: 5 Retrofitting MVAC retrofitting pr
Page 119 and 120: 5 Retrofitting Although, in general
Page 121 and 122: 5 Retrofitting Further reading UNEP
Page 123 and 124: 6 Summary 6.1. Overview of refriger
Page 125 and 126: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling Oxygen
Page 127 and 128: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling The com
Page 129 and 130: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling • Nev
Page 131 and 132: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling Safe ha
Page 133 and 134: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling leak de
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6 Safe Refrigerant Handling • Lea
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6 Safe Refrigerant Handling Storage
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6 Safe Refrigerant Handling Recomme
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6 Safe Refrigerant Handling 3 - Sho
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Glossary Glossary Absolute pressure
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Glossary Fossil fuels Carbon-based
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Glossary hole in late 1985, governm
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Glossary Sealed system A refrigerat
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Acknowledgements Acknowledgements I
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Copyright Copyright © United Natio
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