Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians - UNEP - Division of ...

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Refrigerants
Refrigerants and applications
Application
Domestic
refrigeration
Stand alone
retail food
display and
vending
Condensing
Units
Large
Supermarket
Systems
Cold Storage
Traditional
refrigerants
R12
R12
R22, R502
R502
R22
R502
R502
R22
R717
Retrofit / drop-in refrigerants
Transitional Longer term
R401A, R401C,
R405A, R406A,
R414A, R414B,
R415B
R401A, R401C,
R405A, R406A,
R409A (HT), R414A,
R414B, R415B,
R416A (HT), R420A
(HT)
R408A (HT), R411A,
R411B, R412A,
R415A, R418A
R408A (HT), R411A,
R411B, R412A,
R415A, R418A
R408A (HT), R411A,
R411B, R412A,
R415A, R418A
R408A (HT), R411A,
R411B, R412A,
R415A, R418A
R426A, R430A,
R435A, R436A*,
R436B*, R437A
R426A, R429A (HT),
R430A, R435A,
R436A*, R436B*,
R437A (LT)
R290*, R417A,
R419A (HT), R422B,
R422D, R424A,
R431A, R438A
R417A, R419A (HT),
R422B, R422D,
R424A, R431A,
R438A
R417A, R419A (HT),
R422B, R422D,
R424A, R431A,
R438A
R417A, R419A (HT),
R422B, R422D,
R424A, R431A,
R438A
New system refrigerants
R134a, R600a*
R600a*, R134a, R423A, R435A,
R436A*, R436B*, R510A
R290*, R404A, R407A/B/D/E,
R421A, R421B, R427A,
R433A/B/C, R507A, R744
R404A, R407A/B/D/E, R421A,
R421B, R427A, R433A/B/C,
R507A, R744
R404A, R407A/B/D/E, R421A,
R421B, R427A, R433A/B/C,
R507A, R744, Indirect systems
(using R290*, R1270*, R717*)
R404A, R407A/B/D/E, R421A,
R421B, R427A, R433A/B/C,
R507A, R744, Indirect systems
(using R290*, R1270*), R717*
The chart presents an overview of main alternative
refrigerants to CFCs and HCFCs in diverse RAC applications.
For each application, there are four lists of refrigerants:
• Traditional refrigerants, what would usually have been
used prior to the Montreal Protocol.
• Retrofit / drop-in refrigerants, are refrigerants that have
been developed, or can be used in existing systems
that contained the traditional refrigerants, and
typically contain some HC component so that they
are soluble with existing mineral oils.
These have been divided into two further categories:
• Transitional refrigerants that comprise some HCFCs,
and are therefore still controlled by the Montreal
Protocol, and should only considered for short-term
use in systems that contained CFCs.
• Long-term refrigerants that do not comprise any
ozone depleting substances, and can be considered
to be unrestricted.
• New system refrigerants, which include refrigerants
that are also not restricted by the Montreal Protocol
and are expected to be applicable for the long term.
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