Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians - UNEP - Division of ...

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Environmental Impact
On the basis of these reports the parties to the Montreal Protocol
discussed again a tightening of the control schedules.
Achieving the goals of the Montreal Protocol depends on
widespread cooperation among all the nations of the world. It is not
enough that the developed nations, which accounted in 1986 for
85% of the consumption of ODS, participate in the Protocol. The
participation of developing countries, which consumed only 15%
in 1986, is also vitally important. HCFC consumption in developing
countries has been growing at a much higher rate than in the
developed world.
As long ago as 1987, developing countries were given incentives
to conform with the Protocol in the form of a grace period of 10
years for implementation and technical assistance (Articles 5 and
10 in the Protocol). However, by 1989 many of the larger developing
nations indicated that the provisions were inadequate. They argued
that it was not they that were responsible for depleting the ozone
layer. And as they are just beginning to develop economically and
to use the low cost CFC technology acquired from the developed
countries, they require help with the costs. If they are to bind
themselves to strict schedules for adopting new technologies, they
need to be given the new technologies and the finance necessary to
adopt them. Negotiations on this issue resulted in the establishment
of a new financial mechanism in London, 1990, through a new
Article 10 in the Montreal Protocol.
The mechanism includes a Multilateral Fund and other multilateral,
regional and bilateral co-operation. The Fund has now operated
since 1991; under the Fund, UNEP OzonAction is responsible for
information dissemination, training and networking. This manual
is part of UNEP’s work programme related to training on good
practices in refrigeration in developing countries.
What is your countries protocol status from
4 http://ozone.unep.org/Ratification_status/list_of_article_5_parties.
shtml
Contact your National Ozone Units/Officers available on
4 http://www.uneptie.org/ozonaction/information/contacts.htm
to find out actions being taken by your government.
Although having considerably lower ODP than CFCs, many HCFCs
have high global warming potentials (GWP), of over 2000 times that
of carbon dioxide (CO2).
The reasons for the phasing out
For the impacts on climate change
and global warming
Effects of Ozone Depletion 4
Global Warming 4
Key dates in refrigeration development, a summary of what is happening
and deadlines before different refrigerants become illegal to use.
Timeline Activity 4
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