Manual for Refrigeration Servicing Technicians - UNEP - Division of ...

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Glossary UV-B (280–320 nm), one of three bands of UV radiation, is harmful to life on the Earth’s surface and is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Established in 1972, UNEP is the specialised agency of the United Nations for environmental protection. Venting A service practice where the refrigerant is allowed to escape into the atmosphere, and is usually done as a short-cut instead of recovery. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle - vapour compression technology The most widely used refrigeration cycle. In this cycle refrigerant is vaporized and condensed alternately and is compressed in the vapour phase. Basic components are: compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator. Welded joint A joint obtained by the joining of metal parts in the plastic or molten state. Zeotrope A refrigerant blend consisting of two or more substances of different volatilities that appreciably changes in composition or temperature as it evaporates (boils) or condenses (liquefies) at a given pressure. A zeotropic refrigerant blend assigned an R4xx series number designation in ISO 817. 150
Acknowledgements Acknowledgements ISBN: 978-92-807-2911-5 UNEP Job Number: DTI/1040/PA This publication was produced by the United Nations Environment Programme Division of Technology, Industry and Economics (UNEP DTIE), OzonAction Branch, as part of UNEP’s work programme as an Implementing Agency of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol. The project was managed by the following team in the OzonAction Branch • Mr. Rajendra Shende Head • Ms. Anne Fenner Information Manager • Mr. Halvart Koeppen Regional Network Coordinator, Europe and Central Asia • Ms. Barbara Huber Programme Assistant • Ms. Ursulet Mugure Kibe Documentation Assistant This publication was written by • Dr. Roberto de Aguiar Peixoto Centro Universitario, Instituto Mauá de Tecnologia (MAUA), Brazil Peer review was provided by • Dr. Daniel Colbourne Re-phridge, United Kingdom Additional review and input was provided by • Prof. Radhey Agarwal Indian Institute of Technology, India • Mr. Yerzhan Aisabayev Programme Officer, OzonAction Compliance Assistance Programme (CAP), UNEP ROLAC, Panama • Dr. Ezra Clark Programme Officer, OzonAction Branch, UNEP DTIE, France • Mr. James S. Curlin Interim Network and Policy Manager, OzonAction Branch, UNEP DTIE, France • Mr. Ayman El Talouny Programme Officer, OzonAction CAP, UNEP ROWA, Bahrain • Mr. Etienne Gonin Project Coordinating Consultant, EC JumpStart Project, OzonAction Branch, UNEP DTIE, France • Mr Yamar Guisse Programme Officer, OzonAction CAP, UNEP ROA, Kenya • Mr Shaofeng Hu Programme Officer, OzonAction CAP, UNEP ROAP, Thailand • Mr. Marco Pinzon Programme Officer, OzonAction CAP, UNEP ROLAC, Panama City • Mr. Saiful Ridwan Information Technology Specialist, OzonAction CAP, UNEP DTIE, France Editing • Mr. Wayne Talbot consultant, United Kingdom Design and e-book platform • Steve Button, Brigitte Bousquet DesignAnnexe • Marcella Cucco Illustrations UNEP DTIE wishes to thank all of above contributors for helping to make this manual possible.
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Manual for Refrigeration Servicing
Page 3 and 4:
Introduction When to use the manual
Page 5 and 6:
Introduction The Factors affecting
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Introduction How to assess conditio
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Introduction Characteristics of Sel
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Introduction Another form of refere
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Introduction Choose your chapter Th
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1 Environmental impact of refrigera
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1 Environmental Impact The ozone la
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1 Environmental Impact RADIATION FR
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1 Environmental Impact The ozone la
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1 Environmental Impact Effects of o
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1 Environmental Impact The greenhou
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1 Environmental Impact Timeline act
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1 Environmental Impact Alternative
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1 Environmental Impact The way forw
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2 Refrigerants 2.1. Section objecti
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2 Refrigerants Chemical properties
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2 Refrigerants Safety characteristi
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2 Refrigerants Types of refrigerant
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2 Refrigerants Those with ozone dep
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2 Refrigerants Those with zero ozon
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2 Refrigerants Carbon dioxide (CO2,
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2 Refrigerants Azeotropic Blends An
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2 Refrigerants Using Refrigerant Bl
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2 Refrigerants Lubricants Today, al
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2 Refrigerants Refrigerants and app
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2 Refrigerants Properties of most c
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3 Refrigerants Content Management M
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3 Refrigerant Management The majori
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3 Refrigerant Management Handling o
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3 Refrigerant Management Recovery c
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3 Refrigerant Management Refrigeran
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3 Refrigerant Management Refrigeran
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3 Refrigerant Management Open Refri
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3 Refrigerant Management CHAPITRE 3
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3 Refrigerant Management Recycling
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3 Refrigerant Management equipment
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3 Refrigerant Management PAGE 22 Ex
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3 Refrigerant Management Further re
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Summary This section will provide t
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4 Servicing Practices Moisture Mois
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4 Servicing Practices Non-condensab
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4 Servicing Practices Evacuation A
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4 Servicing Practices 7 - For large
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4 Servicing Practices Pressure unit
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CHAPITRE 4 4PAGE 10 LEAK DETECTION
Page 99 and 100: 4 Servicing Practices Detection met
Page 101 and 102: 4 Servicing Practices CHAPITRE 4 PA
Page 103 and 104: 4 Servicing Practices Volumetric ch
Page 105 and 106: 4 Servicing Practices Electronic ch
Page 107 and 108: 4 Servicing Practices Why charge re
Page 109 and 110: 5 Retrofitting Content General retr
Page 111 and 112: 5 Retrofitting • Upon evaluation
Page 113 and 114: 5 Retrofitting General retrofitting
Page 115 and 116: 5 Retrofitting procedures that you
Page 117 and 118: 5 Retrofitting MVAC retrofitting pr
Page 119 and 120: 5 Retrofitting Although, in general
Page 121 and 122: 5 Retrofitting Further reading UNEP
Page 123 and 124: 6 Summary 6.1. Overview of refriger
Page 125 and 126: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling Oxygen
Page 127 and 128: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling The com
Page 129 and 130: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling • Nev
Page 131 and 132: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling Safe ha
Page 133 and 134: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling leak de
Page 135 and 136: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling • Lea
Page 137 and 138: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling Storage
Page 139 and 140: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling Recomme
Page 141 and 142: 6 Safe Refrigerant Handling 3 - Sho
Page 143 and 144: Glossary Glossary Absolute pressure
Page 145 and 146: Glossary Fossil fuels Carbon-based
Page 147 and 148: Glossary hole in late 1985, governm
Page 149: Glossary Sealed system A refrigerat
Page 153: Copyright Copyright © United Natio
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