ForewordSince last year’s election, education has takencentre stage as one of the most heated debatesin British politics. But while radical reformsare changing the landscape of state fundededucation, there is a distinct feeling of drift andfragmentation on the left.In Government New Labour transformedcrumbling, leaky buildings into shining, wellequippedcentres of learning in some of the mostdisadvantaged areas of the country. For somegroups of children, opportunities were opened upand lives transformed.But too often education equipped childrenfor the workforce, not for life, and teacherscomplained that their skills and judgment weresidelined by central diktat. Schools were pittedagainst one another in a quasi-market where onlyacademic results seemed to count and BobbyKennedy’s words echoed around the educationsystem: “it measures everything, in short, exceptthat which makes life worthwhile”.In the face of fundamental change sweepingacross the education system there is anurgent need for an alternative vision based oncollaboration, not competition. This is as mucha journey of rediscovery as it is redirection. AsJon Cruddas points out, education in its broadestsense – as the basis of a fulfilled life – was a richpart of the working-class socialist tradition; it’stime to reclaim it.Taken together the essays in this book setout a vision of an education system that lies atthe heart of a good society. It is a vision wherechildren get not just an academic but a socialeducation and where school becomes a place forsocial enlightenment, not social advantage. Atits centre is a commitment to lifelong learningand communities that are empowered to driveimprovements, where schools are democratisedand children’s well being and academic attainmentare not alternative but synonymous. It is a visionof a system where children are equipped forlife, not just the workforce and where what iscounted is wider than narrow academic results.But equally, and importantly, it is a vision whereacademic attainment really matters and wherebeing equal doesn’t just mean being the same.The book strays into important butuncomfortable territory by taking on questionsthat have gone unasked and assumptions takenfor granted for far too long. Does choice alwaysconflict with the common good, or are the twofundamentally tied together? Was raising theschool participation age an important protectionfor the poorest, or was it a missed opportunity toreshape the education system to meet the needs ofa more diverse range of young people? And doesachieving equality have to mean central control,or is there a way to empower communities andrespect teachers’ expertise without entrenchingdisadvantage?In Britain we have never had a trulycomprehensive education system and this posesa significant challenge. As Neal Lawson andKen Spours point out at the outset, educationhas never achieved the same golden status in thepublic mind as the NHS; it has never had its ‘1948moment’.But while the scale of the challenge is daunting,it is clear that there has been never been a moreimportant time to rise to it. The essays in thisbook are not without controversy and, I hope,will spark the sort of heated debate throughwhich a good education system and, ultimately, agood society are born.Lisa Nandy MPEducation for the good society | 5
IntroductionEducation for the Good Society is part of theGood Society project of Compass: Direction forthe Democratic Left. In contrast to Cameron’sprivatising, anti-state Big Society, the concept ofthe Good Society is rooted in equality, democracy,sustainability and well-being, providing a visionand path of transformation capable of drawingsupport across different groups in an increasinglyfragmented society.However, envisaging education as a force forprogressive change is a difficult mission because,since its formation in the late nineteenth century,mass state education has served to reinforceprevailing economic and social relations. But, atthe same time, it has contained within it visionsof a better world, not only for individuals but alsofor communities and wider society. Education forall was born out of a wide social and ideologicalstruggle and this continues to be the case today.The starting argument of this ebook is thatthe present condition of English educationresults from a hegemonic defeat of 30 years ago.Despite some rises in achievement, more teachersand the improved school buildings of the lastdecade, education suffers from an impoverishedvision, particularly in the popular psyche. BothConservative and New Labour governments,albeit in different ways, reduced education tothe search for family and personal advantage,performativity and bureaucracy.If there was ever a time for a fundamentalreappraisal it is now. In some ways New Labour’s2010 general election defeat was the ultimateignominy. Despite the opportunities offered to itin 1997, the unwillingness and inability of NewLabour in government to transform public understandingof education and other public servicesmeans that the quantitative gains of those yearsare easily reversed. The Coalition Governmenthas been setting about this at lightning speed asit imposes a traditional curriculum and extendsschool autonomy.Education for the Good Society is a vehiclefor this reappraisal because it is starting fromvision of a different kind of society to inspireour approach to educational reform. At the sametime, as Chapter 1 argues, it remains groundedbecause of a recognition that the Good Societywill emerge from the conditions we create now,building on the best we have and an educationexperience as part of a ‘life well led’. In this sense,Education for the Good Society can claim to be a‘serious utopianism’.The chapters that follow articulate in theirdifferent ways a unifying thread – the idea ofa more expansive and comprehensive visionof education as togetherness, building on andrearticulating cherished traditions. In Chapter2, ‘Historical perspectives’, Jane Martin andGary McCulloch suggest that building Educationfor the Good Society requires a long politicalmemory (not just from the 1960s onwards),which acknowledges the contribution of pastideals of liberal education, freedom, universalismand ‘educability’ to today’s struggles. A longerhistorical perspective can help with the renewal ofthe comprehensive vision, as part of a long-termprocess of change.In Chapter 3, ‘Education and fairness’, RebeccaHickman uses international research to argue forthe principle of the ‘spirit level’ – that fairnessshould be a deliberate educational act because itwill allow all children to prosper and as a resulteveryone will gain. Becky Francis in Chapter 4also addresses issues of fairness when lookingat education and gender. She reminds us thatthe education system still reproduces dominantsocial relations and has a long way to go to reflectthe agenda of equality and respect required forthe Good Society. Echoing themes from Chapter2, however, she asserts that research shows thata less differentiated school environment helpsthe progress of both girls and boys. A similartheme is taken up in Chapter 5, ‘Well-beingand education’, where Charles Seaford, SorchaMahony and Laura Stoll suggest that a profoundconcern with well-being in education helpsimprove educational achievement for all learners.Similarly in Chapter 6, ‘Education for sustainability’,Teresa Belton argues for a much moreconnective and holistic approach to educationfor all, which has as one of its central concernsclosing the gap between ourselves and the Earth.Elsewhere we have argued that democracydraws together the fundamental pillars of theGood Society – equality, well-being and sustainability.In Chapter 7, ‘Schools for democracy’,6 | www.compassonline.org.uk
- Page 1 and 2: Educationfor theGoodSocietyThe valu
- Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements:Compass would like
- Page 5: ContributorsLisa Nandy is Labour MP
- Page 9 and 10: 1 This article has been developedou
- Page 11 and 12: 8 See Ann Hodgson, Ken Spoursand Ma
- Page 13 and 14: 13 The most comprehensiverecent res
- Page 15 and 16: 1 See for example B. Simon, ‘Cane
- Page 17 and 18: 10 J. Martin, Making Socialists: Ma
- Page 19 and 20: the poorest homes (as measured by e
- Page 21 and 22: 1 In 2008, 15 per cent ofacademies
- Page 23 and 24: 1 Angela McRobbie, The Aftermathof
- Page 25 and 26: 8 Christine Skelton, Schooling theB
- Page 27 and 28: 1 See www.education.gov.uk/b0065507
- Page 29 and 30: 13 Barbara Fredrickson, ‘Therole
- Page 31 and 32: 6. Education forsustainabilityTeres
- Page 33 and 34: well as cognitively. Real understan
- Page 35 and 36: 7. Schools fordemocracyMichael Fiel
- Page 37 and 38: and joyful relations between person
- Page 39 and 40: 8 Wilfred Carr and AnthonyHartnett,
- Page 41 and 42: 1 Winston Churchill, quoted inNIACE
- Page 43 and 44: 9 See http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/ed
- Page 45 and 46: 1 The Learning Age: A Renaissancefo
- Page 47 and 48: nities, and not have the public-pri
- Page 49 and 50: 4 Engineering flexibility: a system
- Page 51 and 52: other countries to require their re
- Page 53 and 54: 6. Remember that many of the outcom
- Page 55 and 56: 2 Adrian Elliott, State SchoolsSinc
- Page 57 and 58:
4 Peter Hyman, ‘Fear on the front
- Page 59 and 60:
12. Rethinking thecomprehensive ide
- Page 61 and 62:
training, be part of a local system
- Page 64:
About CompassCompass is the democra