The water footprint and virtual water exports of Spanish tomatoes
The water footprint and virtual water exports of Spanish tomatoes
The water footprint and virtual water exports of Spanish tomatoes
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TABLE OF CONTENTSSUMMARY .................................................................. 51. INTRODUCTION ................................................ 62. METHOD AND DATA ........................................ 92.1. Water <strong>footprint</strong> calculation <strong>of</strong> tomato productionin open-air systems........................ 102.2. Water <strong>footprint</strong> calculation <strong>of</strong> tomatogreenhouse production ................................ 162.3. Calculation <strong>of</strong> the <strong>water</strong> apparent productivity<strong>and</strong> exported <strong>virtual</strong> <strong>water</strong>............... 183. THE WATER FOOTPRINT OF 1 KILOGRAMOF TOMATOES................................................... 203.1. Aggregated <strong>water</strong> <strong>footprint</strong>......................... 203.2. Disaggregated <strong>water</strong> <strong>footprint</strong>: Analysisbetween production systems....................... 244. APPARENT WATER PRODUCTIVITY ANDVIRTUAL WATER EXPORTS OF TOMATOPRODUCTION..................................................... 284.1. Water apparent productivity <strong>of</strong> tomatoproduction..................................................... 284.2. Water apparent productivity <strong>of</strong> surface orground<strong>water</strong> ................................................. 314.3. Virtual <strong>water</strong> <strong>exports</strong>.................................. 335. DISCUSSION....................................................... 346. CONCLUSION..................................................... 40