The water footprint and virtual water exports of Spanish tomatoes
The water footprint and virtual water exports of Spanish tomatoes
The water footprint and virtual water exports of Spanish tomatoes
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24 THE WATER FOOTPRINT OF TOMATO PRODUCTIONFIGURE 6. Annual green, blue <strong>and</strong> grey <strong>water</strong> <strong>footprint</strong> (hm 3 ) <strong>of</strong> <strong>Spanish</strong><strong>tomatoes</strong> for the main producing provinces <strong>and</strong> average percentage <strong>of</strong>national productionSource: Own elaboration.the total <strong>water</strong> <strong>footprint</strong> soar, although both provinces haverelatively small <strong>water</strong> <strong>footprint</strong>s in terms <strong>of</strong> l /kg <strong>and</strong> highefficiencies (Figure 5). In the province <strong>of</strong> Almería most <strong>of</strong>the <strong>water</strong> bodies are at risk <strong>of</strong> no compliance with the EuropeanWater Framework Directive (Andalusian WaterAgency, 2010), as so are in Badajoz the ground<strong>water</strong> bodies<strong>and</strong> the Guadiana river itself (CHG, 2009).3.2. Disaggregated <strong>water</strong> <strong>footprint</strong>: Analysisbetween production systems<strong>The</strong> main components <strong>of</strong> the <strong>water</strong> <strong>footprint</strong> are very dependenton the production system <strong>and</strong> actually vary signif-
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