Binning, E. (2004, 02 Dec). Wife hides as abuser walks free. The New Zeal<strong>and</strong>Herald Retrieved 16 Dec, 2008, fromhttp://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=9001324Blair, T. (2006, 23 Jun). Prime minister's speech on criminal justice reform. TheGuardian Retrieved 01 Oct, 2008, fromhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2006/jun/23/immigrationpolicy.ukcrime1Blaisdell, D. (1957). American democracy under pressure. New York: The RonaldPress Company.Boos greet defence of new laws. (2002, 11 Jul). The Dominion Post, p. 5. Retrieved25 Feb, 2009, from http://www.knowledgebasket.co.nz.helicon.vuw.ac.nz/search/doc_view.php?d1=ffx9503/text/2002/07/18/doc00148.htmlBoston, J. (1993). Reshaping social policy in New Zeal<strong>and</strong>. Fiscal Studies, 14(3),6485. Retrieved 20 May, 2009, fromhttp://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgibin/fulltext/119300774/PDFSTARTBottoms, A. (1995). The politics of sentencing reform. In C. M. Clarkson, R. (Ed.),The philosophy <strong>and</strong> politics of punishment <strong>and</strong> sentencing. Oxford: OxfordUniversity Press.Brash, D. (2004). Law <strong>and</strong> order a national priority, An address to the SensibleSentencing Trust. Allerslie.Broadberry, S. N. (1994). Why was unemployment in postwar Britain so low?*.Bulletin of Economic Research, 46(3), 03073378. Retrieved 14 Apr, 2009,fromhttp://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgibin/fulltext/119970490/PDFSTARTBroun, B. (2009, 29 May, 2009). Inmates to share cells to cut costs. The DominionPost Retrieved 12 Jun, 2009, from http://www.stuff.co.nz/dominionpost/news/politics/2455221/InmatestosharecellstocutcostsBuckle, B. (2009). Victoria uni to accomodate tax working group, media release,Tax Working Group, Victoria University of Wellington, 08 MayBureau of Justice Statistics (2008a, 25 Jan). Key crime <strong>and</strong> justice facts at a glance.Washington: U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved 29 Jul, 2008, fromhttp://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/glance.htm#<strong>Crime</strong>108
Bureau of Justice Statistics (2008b, 26 Aug). Prison statistics. Washington: U.S.Department of Justice. Retrieved 01 Oct, 2008, fromhttp://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/prisons.htmBureau of Justice Statistics (2008c, 25 Jan). State crime estimates, 19602006.Washington: U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved 20 Apr, 2009, fromhttp://bjsdata.ojp.usdoj.gov/dataonline/Search/<strong>Crime</strong>/State/statebystatelist.cfmBurton given third longest sentence ever. (2007, 03 Apr). The New Zeal<strong>and</strong> HeraldRetrieved 08 Apr, 2009, fromhttp://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10432311&pnum=0Burton, M. (2006a). Building safer communities through Effective Interventions incriminal justice, Seminar delivered at the New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Centre for PublicLaw. VUW Law School, Wellington.Burton, M. (Minister of Justice). (2006b). Criminal Justice Reform Bill has firstreading, media release, New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Government, Wellington, N.Z., 05 DecBurton, M. (2006c). Paper 1: Overview [cabinet paper]. Retrieved 28 Mar, 2009,fromhttp://www.justice.govt.nz/effective_interventions/cabinet_papers/overview.aspBurton, M. (2006d). Paper 4: Rem<strong>and</strong> in custody [cabinet paper]. Retrieved 09 Apr,2009, fromhttp://www.justice.govt.nz/effective_interventions/cabinet_papers/rem<strong>and</strong>custody.aspBurton, M. (2006e). Paper 7: Home detention [cabinet paper]. Retrieved 28 Mar,2009, fromhttp://www.justice.govt.nz/effective_interventions/cabinet_papers/homedetention.aspBurton, M. (2008). Paper 20: Effective Interventions progress report [cabinetpaper]. Retrieved 20 Mar, 2009, fromhttp://www.justice.govt.nz/effective_interventions/cabinet_papers/thirdreport.asp<strong>By</strong>st<strong>and</strong>ers shot as fugitive flees police. (2007, 07 Jan). The New Zeal<strong>and</strong> Herald,109
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AcknowledgementsWriting this thesis
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ContentsAbstract ..................
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IntroductionIn September 2007, New
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Thereafter, the Labourled coaliti
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Postwar Security and Penalwelfa
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the exterior of electoral politics,
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social conditions, towards that whi
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penal policy development where they
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implementation of this legislation.
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increasingly aware of crime, gainin
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immigration was considered a threat
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in agricultural exports, particular
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The time would seem to be appropria
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In keeping crime out of the public
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The Labour Party’s response to th
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across a multitude of family househ
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Changes in New Zealand mediaThe dif
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dominant feature of New Zealand soc
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Despite its manifest contradictions
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Governments and their civil servant
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The Victims Task Force believed tha
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eferendum into legislation, motivat
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[New Zealand was] one of the safest
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governments in the hope that ‘suc
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McVicar paints of himself as the
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that New Zealanders have been expos
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This combination of circumstances c
- Page 57 and 58: Sympathy, empathy, commiseration an
- Page 59 and 60: [h]ad not risen from the ‘victims
- Page 61 and 62: illicit a response from the communi
- Page 63 and 64: Reform Bill). The Trust made submis
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- Page 69 and 70: However, the Labourled government
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- Page 75 and 76: policymaking 32 . From 2000 to 2006
- Page 77 and 78: had removed suspended sentences as
- Page 79 and 80: Chapter Four:Resistance to Penal Po
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- Page 83 and 84: were designed to address New Zealan
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- Page 89 and 90: Because of the capability of the me
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- Page 95 and 96: given the difficulties in measureme
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- Page 99 and 100: emained insecure and overtly puniti
- Page 101 and 102: the end of its tenure. As a result,
- Page 103 and 104: The thesis has explained and analys
- Page 105 and 106: main determinants are addressed. As
- Page 107: Atkinson, J. (2002). Structures of
- Page 111 and 112: Cullen, P., & Lloyd, C. (1991). Lob
- Page 113 and 114: Department of Statistics (N.Z) (199
- Page 115 and 116: Hall, G., & O'Driscoll, S. (2002).
- Page 117 and 118: Johnson, R. J., & Ogloff, J. R. P.
- Page 119 and 120: Maguire, M. (2002). Crime data and
- Page 121 and 122: Ministry of Justice (2002a). Senten
- Page 123 and 124: New Zealand Parliament (1993a). Cri
- Page 125 and 126: asket.co.nz.helicon.vuw.ac.nz/searc
- Page 127 and 128: O'Conner, D. (2006). Effective Inte
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- Page 131 and 132: Sentencing Amendment Act. (2007). R
- Page 133 and 134: http://www.stats.govt.nz/products
- Page 135 and 136: contours of New Zealand (pp. 1111
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