British Population Moves to the Cities - Rowland High School

NameDateCHAPTER9Section 2GEOGRAPHY APPLICATION: MOVEMENTBritish Population Moves to the CitiesDirections: Read the paragraphs below and study the maps and graph carefully.Then answer the questions that follow.Britain’s richest coal fields are in the central andnorthern regions of the country. This geographicfact caused a major shift in Britain’s populationbetween 1750 and 1850.Coal was found to be the most efficient way topower the new steam engine. As a result, manynew industries and factories moved to be near thesources of energy. Soon, coal-fired steam enginespowered the iron foundries, textile factories, andrailroads of northern Britain.Industrialization also required a large laborforce. The enclosure movement, in which wealthylandowners bought out small farms and forcedthese people out of their livelihood, provided aready supply of workers. As a result, masses of peoplemoved to the industrial cities to find jobs.Britain (mid 1700s)yNorthSCOTLAND550SeaNewcastle525500ENGLANDIrish SeaLeeds475Manchester yyyLiverpoolySheffieldfield450NottinghamNorwich425WALESBirmingham400Areas ofBristolLondonpopulation375yconcentratione r nSe vR.Tnreeam h Tts.RR .Growth of British Cities 1760–188117601881©McDougal Littell Inc. All rights reserved. yyy350Plymouth0 100 Miles3250 200 Kilometers300275Britain (late 1800s)250yNorth225SCOTLANDSea200Newcastle175ENGLAND150Irish SeaLeedsManchesterLiverpool yySheffieldfield125NottinghamNorwich100WALESBirmingham75Areas of highBristolLondonpopulation50 ygrowthSe vR.E n g l i se r nTram eh Th C hnets.RR .a nn elThousands of people25 yyPlymouth0 100 Miles00 200 KilometersE n g l i sh C ha nn elLiverpool Birmingham Sheffield Bristol NottinghamThe Industrial Revolution 7

NameBritish Population Moves to the Cities continuedInterpreting Text and Visuals1. Of the cities shown on the bar graph, which one had the largest population increase between1760 and 1881? the smallest? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. What mode of transportation did all English companies have to have in order to transport theirgoods to Europe? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. Which two cities appear to have missed out on the Industrial Revolution in England? __________________________________________________________________________________4. Where was most of the English population living in 1750? in 1850? What caused this majorpopulation shift? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. If you are a factory owner in Sheffield and your workers have just completed an order of clothes,about how many miles would you have to travel to sell them in London? ______________________________________________________________________________________________6. What is the approximate total population of the five cities on the chart in 1760? How much didthat total population increase by 1881? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7. Why do you think it is important for factories and mills to be near their sources of energy?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________©McDougal Littell Inc. All rights reserved.8 Unit 3, Chapter 9