Colligative Properties PowerPoint

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A Practical Example• NaCl(s) Na + + Cl - 2 ions so i = 2.• Calculate the BP of a solution of 59g ofNaCl in 1 kg of water.• m = 59g NaCl/1 kg = 1 molal sln• ΔT b = k b m i = 0.51°C/m (1 m) 2 =1.02°C• The new BP is 100°C + 1.02°C = 101°C• Think about that the next time you addsome salt to the pot of water you wantto boil.
Heat of Solution• Most materials either absorb or give offheat energy when they dissolve in aliquid. They undergo an enthalpychange.• Enthalpy (ΔH) is the internal energy of asystem.• For example, when NH 4 Cl dissolves, itabsorbs heat from the water, making acold solution.• NH 4 Cl has a positive heat of solution.
Page 1 and 2: Colligative PropertiesThe Physical
Page 3 and 4: Molality• Molality measures the m
Page 5 and 6: Molality• Example:What is the mol
Page 7 and 8: Molality• Determine the molality
Page 9 and 10: Molality• Convert grams of solven
Page 11 and 12: Changes in Vapor Pressure• Animat
Page 13 and 14: Solution Vapor Pressure• But what
Page 15 and 16: Boiling Point Elevation• There is
Page 17 and 18: Freezing Solutions• Solutions typ
Page 19 and 20: Practical Applications• Antifreez
Page 21 and 22: The van’t Hoff Factor• We have
Page 23: The van’t Hoff Factor• ΔT b =
Page 27 and 28: Endothermic Heat of SolutionNH 4 Cl
Page 29 and 30: Exothermic Heat of SolutionCaCl 2 (
Page 31 and 32: Calculating Heat Exchange• A simp
Page 33 and 34: Calculating Heat Exchange• The sp

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