The Soils of Elgin County - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
The Soils of Elgin County - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada The Soils of Elgin County - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
ProminentmottlesRaised shorelineSoil horizonSoil morphologySoil permeabilitySoil profileSoil reactionspots of colour in soilhorizons, caused by impededdrainage, whose contrastwith the basic horizon colouris high.wave-cut side slopes ofglacial till or hummockyridges of mainly stratifiedsands and gravels, depositedat the shore of an ancientglacial lake.a distinct layer of soil,approximately parallel to theground surface. Usually twoto six horizons occur withinone metre of the groundsurface .the constitution of the soil,including the texture,structure, consistence, colourand other physical, chemical,and biological properties ofthe various soil horizons thatmake up the soil profile.the ease with which gases orliquids penetrate or passthrough the soil . The soilpermeability classes used todescribe the soils in thisreport are based on thosedescribed in the publication"CanSIS Manual fordescribing soils in the field"(12).a vertical section of the soilthrough all its horizons, andextending in to the parentmaterialthe degree of acidity oralkalinity of a soil, usuallyexpressed as a pH value.Descriptive terms commonlyassociated with certainranges in pH are : extremelyacid, 45 or less ; verystrongly acid, 4.6-5 .0 ;strongly acid, 5.1-5 .5 ;mediumacid, 5 .6-6 .0, slightlyacid, 6.1-6.5; neutral, 6.6-73,slightly alkaline, 7.4-7.8,moderately alkaline, 7 .9-8 .4;and strongly alkaline, 8.5 ormore . These descriptions arecontained in the publication"CanSIS Manual fordescribing soils" (12) .Soil structureSoil textureFigure 12.the combination orarrangement of primary soilparticles into secondaryparticles, units or peds .the relative proportions ofthe various particle sizefractions in a soil, asdescribed by the soil textureclasses shown in Figure 12.The sand portion of thetriangle may be furthersubdivided into coarse sand,sand, fine sand and very finesand, based on theproportions of various sandsizes within the sandfraction. . Likewise, loamysand may be divided intoloamy coarse sand, loamysand, loamy fine sand andloamy very fine sand . Whenthe gravel percentage isbetween 20 and 50 percent,the textural class is modifiedby "gravelly", e.g. gravellysandy loam . When thegravel percentage is greaterthan 50 percent, the texturalclass name is modified by"very gravelly", e .g . verygravelly sandy loam.Soil Texture Classes
Soil typeSolumSpillwayStereoscopeSurficialgeology .the primary soil unit in thisreport for which alldescriptive and interpretiveinformation applies .the upper horizons of a soilin which the parent materialhas been modified and inwhich most plant roots arecontained . It usually consistsof A and B horizons .an abandoned channelformed by flowing glacialmeltwater.an optical instrument used toobtain a three-dimensionalimage of the land surfacefrom aerial photographs .that branch of geologydealing with surfacelandforms and theunconsolidated materials thatcomprise them.Tolerable soil lossVeneerVery fine texturedthe rate at which soil can beremoved before theagricultural productivity ofthe land is adverselyaffected .a layer of unconsolidatedmaterial up to one metrethick deposited on thesurface of some othercontrasting deposit.a term applied to soilmaterials which fall withinthe very fine textural group .The very fine textural groupis a group of soil textureswhich contain more than40% clay. Common soiltextures associated with thisgroup include silty clay andclay (see Figure 11).* Most definitions for this glossary were based on the following sources :Agriculture Canada, Research Branch. Revised 1976. Glossary of Terms in Soil Science. Publication1459, 44 pp .Soil Conservation Society of America . 1970. Resource Conservation Glossary. 52 pp .
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- Page 120 and 121: GLOSSARYAlluvium materialBlanketCal
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- Page 126 and 127: APPENDIX 1Generalized Soil Informat
- Page 128 and 129: BERRIEN SOIL TILL PHASE (BE.T)GENER
- Page 130 and 131: BURFORD SOIL (BU)GENERALIZED PROFIL
- Page 132 and 133: CAMILLA SOIL (CM)GENERALIZED PROFIL
- Page 134 and 135: GOBLES SOIL (GO)GENERALIZED PROFILE
- Page 136 and 137: KELVIN SOIL (KE)GENERALIZED PROFILE
- Page 138 and 139: MAPLEWOOD SOIL - TILL PHASE (MA.T)G
- Page 140 and 141: NORMANDALE SOIL (NO)GENERALIZED PRO
- Page 142 and 143: STRATHBURN SOIL (ST)GENERALIZED PRO
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Soil typeSolumSpillwayStereoscopeSurficialgeology .the primary soil unit in thisreport for which alldescriptive <strong>and</strong> interpretiveinformation applies .the upper horizons <strong>of</strong> a soilin which the parent materialhas been modified <strong>and</strong> inwhich most plant roots arecontained . It usually consists<strong>of</strong> A <strong>and</strong> B horizons .an ab<strong>and</strong>oned channelformed by flowing glacialmeltwater.an optical instrument used toobtain a three-dimensionalimage <strong>of</strong> the l<strong>and</strong> surfacefrom aerial photographs .that branch <strong>of</strong> geologydealing with surfacel<strong>and</strong>forms <strong>and</strong> theunconsolidated materials thatcomprise them.Tolerable soil lossVeneerVery fine texturedthe rate at which soil can beremoved before theagricultural productivity <strong>of</strong>the l<strong>and</strong> is adverselyaffected .a layer <strong>of</strong> unconsolidatedmaterial up to one metrethick deposited on thesurface <strong>of</strong> some othercontrasting deposit.a term applied to soilmaterials which fall withinthe very fine textural group .<strong>The</strong> very fine textural groupis a group <strong>of</strong> soil textureswhich contain more than40% clay. Common soiltextures associated with thisgroup include silty clay <strong>and</strong>clay (see Figure 11).* Most definitions for this glossary were based on the following sources :<strong><strong>Agri</strong>culture</strong> <strong>Canada</strong>, Research Branch. Revised 1976. Glossary <strong>of</strong> Terms in Soil Science. Publication1459, 44 pp .Soil Conservation Society <strong>of</strong> America . 1970. Resource Conservation Glossary. 52 pp .
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