English Language Teaching in its Social Context

INDEX 347discursive practices 3 10, 3 1 2 14display 94-5Dobinson, T. 313-14domination 208-26Driver. R. 265ecological approach see organic approacheducational perspectives 53-60Edwards, A.D. 245effective teaching 169-76elaborations 247elicitation 246-7, 289elliptical conversation 86Ellis, R. 18, 307Ely, C. 313Emeneau, M.B. 223empirical evaluation 65, 66empiricist approaches 168empowering research 325English: global influence 271 ; as medium forinstruction 2 19, 236--7; number of speakers23cquality 97-8Eraut, M. 47error correction 180, 298 9ethical research 325ethnicity 1 15-16ethnographic methods 1 19; Sri Lankanclassroom study 6, 208 26evaluation of classroom interaction 8,287 ~305experiential learning 113, 261-2, 264-5, 267experimental laboratory, classroom as 123-5explanations 248exploration, active 195 6extroversion 32‘eye dialect’ 337, 338face-saving strategies 233 4Farch, C. 83Fairclough, N. 115, 310falsification of theories 50Fccz, S. 162field independence/depmdence 35field-notes 328, 329Firth, J.R. 14, 15focus on form 5, 180-90; in language teaching181-3; psycholinguistic rationale 183-6;research issues 186-7Foreign Service Institute (FSI) 84-5form, focus on see focus on formform/function rclationships I95forms, focus on 5, 183-5fossilization 19-20Frazer, E. 324, 325Freidson, E. 46Freire, P. 97Fries, C. 149, 151Gardner, R.C. 23-5, 33Garfinkel, H. 135Gass, S. 53Gattengo, C. 152general model of second language learning13 14genre-based approaches 5-6, 162-3, 164,200~ 7Giroux, H. 209, 224-5global influence of English 271glosses 2 16-18glottal stop 338goals 4-6Good, T.L. 171‘good language learner’, characteristics of 28-9Goonetilleke, D.C.R.A. 210, 224grammar 5, 191-9; language in context192-3; metaphors for second languageacquisition 191-2; organic approach193-7; Tamil students’ orientation to220--1, 223~ 4grammar-translation method 44, 148grammaticality 39Greek 148Grice, H.P. 86‘ground rules’ 252 3, 255group learning: collective culture of theclassroom 130; small group learning and newacademic registers 261-2, 264-5grouping 171Guiora, A. 32-3guided construction of knowledge 254 -5Gumperz, J. 116 -18habitus 272; compatible 274 5, 282;incompatible 272, 275-8, 2834;reproduction or transformation of 2824;transforming 278-82, 284Hall, S. 1 I6Halliday, M.A.K. 163Halsey, A.H. 234Hammond, J. 200, 202handover 96Hanson-Smith, E. 210, 224Harley, R. 76Hartshorne, K. 236Harvey, P. 324, 325Hatch, E. 48-9, 308Havelock, R. 62Hawkins, R. 18Hew-itt, R. 116Higgs, T. 84 5Hirst, P. 57Hoefnagel-Hohle, M. 3941Hong Kong 7, 273~ 85Hopkins, D. 59Hosenfeltl, C. 175-6Howatt, A.P.R. 148, 157