Who Owned Georgia English.pdf

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A loan from the European Bank for Reconstruction andDevelopment (EBRD) has made it possible for ABC Pharmacyto expand its network throughout the country. There are about55 PharmaDepot pharmacies nationwide. Enrico Beridze owns81.6% of ABC Pharmacy and Mikheil Abramidze 14.4%. Fourother people own 1% each. 221The pharmaceutical sector is like many others in the countrywhere there appears to be a rather casual but close affiliationbetween the government and the biggest pharmaceutical chains.PSP’s owner, Kakhaber Okriashvili, became a Member ofParliament for the ruling United National Movement in April2004 222 and is a member of the Committee on Health Care andSocial Issues and the Committee of Economy and EconomicPolicy 223 . After the 2012 parliamentary elections, Okriashvili leftUnited National Movement and joined the faction, “Non-party,Independent Majoritarians.” 224 Aversi Pharma, PSP Pharma andGPC were among the largest contributors to the ruling party’spolitical campaigns. Aversi Pharma donated 200,000 GELbetween 2007 and 2010, and won public procurement contractsworth a total of 823,997 GEL. PSP Pharma also donated 200,000GEL and won public procurement contracts worth 141,044GEL. GPC donated 175,000 GEL and won public procurementcontracts worth 618,347 between 2007-2010 225 .Fady Asly,Chairman of the International Chamber of Commerce, points outthat there is nothing unusual about a company contributing to a221 Public Registry. Ministry of Justice of Georgia. 10/12/2012 https://enreg.reestri.gov.ge/main.php?c=mortgage&m=get_output_by_id&scandoc_id=480872&app_id=556736 Accessed on 12/12/2012222 Webpage “You Rule” the Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy andDevelopment (CIPDD) and Transparency International Georgia (TIGeorgia) http://goo.gl/6YsfR223 Ibid224 Webpage of the Parliament of Georgia http://www.parliament.ge/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=103:okriashvilikakhaber&Itemid=129&lang=ge225 Transparency International Georgia (2011) Political Finance Report. http://transparency.ge/en/post/report/finances-political-parties-year-2011 Accessed05/12/201254
political party and in Georgia’s case it was much easier to forkover money willingly than to get an unwanted visit from the taxpolice, which was not uncommon 226 .To understand just how these three companies became themarket leaders in Georgia, we have to go back to the turbulentpost-Soviet era, when the centralized market disappeared andthere was no system or vision for market development andno policy framework. Whatever rules had existed were notenforced 227 . Pharmaceuticals were sold on rickety tables at thebazaar or through windows of makeshift pharmacies in privatehomes. Savvy entrepreneurs were able to exploit the opportunitiesfrom the emerging market as foreign products became availablewhile regulation was absent.One way they were able to do this was by securing agreementswith foreign producers for the exclusive distribution of particularmedicines in Georgia; thus becoming the sole local agent of thatproduct 228 .This, Asly says, is perfectly normal practice as there are only ahandful of major pharmaceutical producers and local agents haveto bear heavy distribution and development costs. Making theseagreements is how they get their products distributed to smallmarkets like Georgia. 229 However, Valeri Kvaratskhelia, owner of226 Authors interview with Fady Asly, Chairman of International Chamber ofCommerce. conducted on 10/11/2012227 Report on Pharmaceutical Market in Georgia. p.10 TransparencyInternational Georgia http://transparency.ge/sites/default/files/post_attachments/The%20Pharmaceutical%20Market%20in%20Georgia_June%202012l_0.pdf228 Interview Irakli Margvelashvili; Executive Director Association ofpharmaceutical companies representatives in Georgia. Report onPharmaceutical Market in Georgia. Pages 14-15 Transparency InternationalGeorgia http://transparency.ge/sites/default/files/post_attachments/The%20Pharmaceutical%20Market%20in%20Georgia_June%202012l_0.pdf Accessed05/12/2012229 Author’s interview with Fady Asly, Chairman of International Chamber ofCommerce. conducted on 10/11/201255
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Page 12 and 13: If the authorities had wanted, they
Page 14 and 15: Tbilisi Mayor Gigi Ugulava, who was
Page 16 and 17: Kakhi Beqauri and Eldar Mdinaradze.
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Page 20 and 21: He went on to say that later that d
Page 22 and 23: with Russia, which sent the nation
Page 24 and 25: Irakli Okruashvili case in Septembe
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Page 32 and 33: General Media arrived in early 2011
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Page 36 and 37: In cases when the owner of a busine
Page 38 and 39: the shares and LLC Investico Allian
Page 40 and 41: 38WHO OWNED OUTDOOR ADVERTISING?Whe
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Page 48 and 49: estaurants to confiscate documents
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Page 58 and 59: People’s Pharmacy, a small pharma
Page 60 and 61: the large import/distributors and r
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Page 96 and 97: POSTSCRIPTWhen Georgians went to th
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Page 100 and 101: On October 5, Maestro TV and Global
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