Who Owned Georgia English.pdf

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ut we are only partly correct. The Georgian gas market imitatesthe western market when prices increase, but when prices godown in the west, they stay up in Georgia. 178 We take it for grantedthat regardless of where we fill our tanks, the price is the sameacross the board. When all the market players have analogousgas prices and the industry characteristics 179 are conducive tosuccessful coordination, it’s hard to say collusive agreementsaren’t being made to control the market. Such a condition leadseconomic experts 180 to believe there is a coordinated effort bythe country’s main gasoline companies to control the market bykeeping prices inflated and preventing private competition. Oiland oil products are the largest group of imported commoditiesin Georgia. In 2011, their imports amounted to USD 894 million,or 13% of total imports 181 . The lack of a genuinely competitivemarket structure is no good for an economy that badly needsinvigoration. Those rusty Russian tankers selling syphoned gason the side of roads have been replaced by an oligopolistic fuelmarket.Lukoil Georgia arrived in Georgia in March 2002 and is aRussian owned company registered in the Netherlands as Lukoil178 The Dynamics of Petrol (Regular) and Platts Prices. TI Report onCompetition Policy in Georgia p.30 http://transparency.ge/sites/default/files/post_attachments/Report%20-%20Competition%20Policy%20in%20Georgia.pdf Accessed 05/12/2012179 Product homogeneity, readily observed price adjustments, formal and/orinformal entry barriers, high concentration, stable and inelastic demand and,moreover, no effective state supervision of competition is done over the last 7years.180 Interview with Dr. Nodar khaduri, TSU Professor and Minister of Finance,September 2012;Interview with Dr. David Narmania, Minister of Regional Developmentand Infrastructure, September, 2012; Transparency International GoerigaReport on Competition Policy in Georgia, August, 2012, p.30, http://www.transparency.ge/en/post/report/tig-publishes-report-on-competition-ingeorgiaAccessed 05/12/2012181 Source: The National Statistics Office of Georgia, http://www.geostat.ge/cms/site_images/_files/georgian/bop/External%20Trade%20of%20Georgia%20in%202011-Geo.pdf. Accessed 05/12/201244
Europe Holdings B.V 182 . It has 60 gas stations throughout Georgiaand imports fuel from processing plants in Bulgaria. Its marketingcampaign and exclusive distribution services are provided byUnigroup LLC, whose partners TI Georgia reported were GiorgiPirveli (50%) and David Kezerashvili (50%) 183 before the 2012parliamentary elections. After the elections, Kezerashvili’s sharesbecame the property of NowLine United Ltd., which is registeredin the Seychelles. 184David Kezerashvili is an enterprising young man. The34-year-old was born in Tbilisi, moved to Israel, and returned toGeorgia in the mid-90s to study on the faculty of internationalrelations at Tbilisi State University. He became Saakashvili’sassistant in the Ministry of Justice before the Rose Revolutionand later developed a controversial reputation as the heavyhandedchief of the financial police, which was set up after therevolution to fight “economic crimes,” including smuggling.“This was where he learned to squeeze businesses,” oneTbilisi businessman said on condition of anonymity.In April 2005, Conservative party leaders had a taped phoneconversation they claimed to be Kezerashvili making dealsto illegally buy cars for the financial police. 185 In June, 2005he had to explain why dozens of his masked financial police,brandishing Kalashnikovs, simultaneously raided two fast-food182 Public Registry. Ministry of Justice of Georgia 16/08/2012 https://enreg.reestri.gov.ge/main.php?c=mortgage&m=get_output_by_id&scandoc_id=449225&app_id=522898 Accessed on 05/12/2012183 Report on Competition Policy in Georgia p.28 Transparency InternationalGeorgia http://www.transparency.ge/en/post/report/tig-publishes-report-oncompetition-in-georgiaAccessed 05/12/2012184 Public Registry. Ministry of Justice of Georgia 02/10/2012 https://enreg.reestri.gov.ge/main.php?c=mortgage&m=get_output_by_id&scandoc_id=460730&app_id=536028 Accessed 13/12/2012185 Chief of Financial Police Accused of Illegal Deals. Civil Georgia, Tbilisi.04/04/2005 http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=9509 Accessed 05/12/201245
Page 5 and 6: INTRODUCTIONOne day shopping with m
Page 7 and 8: closely affiliated to Eduard Shevar
Page 10 and 11: news to the Autonomous Republic of
Page 12 and 13: If the authorities had wanted, they
Page 14 and 15: Tbilisi Mayor Gigi Ugulava, who was
Page 16 and 17: Kakhi Beqauri and Eldar Mdinaradze.
Page 18 and 19: oadcasting 39 but sold the frequenc
Page 20 and 21: He went on to say that later that d
Page 22 and 23: with Russia, which sent the nation
Page 24 and 25: Irakli Okruashvili case in Septembe
Page 26 and 27: them in the street. They took trans
Page 28 and 29: Maestro contends the dishes were pa
Page 30 and 31: In the meantime, Chikovani has rema
Page 32 and 33: General Media arrived in early 2011
Page 34 and 35: merger of the Caucasus Network, Geo
Page 36 and 37: In cases when the owner of a busine
Page 38 and 39: the shares and LLC Investico Allian
Page 40 and 41: 38WHO OWNED OUTDOOR ADVERTISING?Whe
Page 42 and 43: The latest Civil registry entry has
Page 44 and 45: On September 12, 2011, JSC Adprojec
Page 48 and 49: estaurants to confiscate documents
Page 50 and 51: Delta Holding, the football (soccer
Page 52 and 53: A PHARMACEUTICAL OLIGOPOLY“Why ar
Page 54 and 55: to construct manufacturing sites an
Page 56 and 57: A loan from the European Bank for R
Page 58 and 59: People’s Pharmacy, a small pharma
Page 60 and 61: the large import/distributors and r
Page 62 and 63: that the decrease could be their sh
Page 64 and 65: Kvadimax, Enozid H, Musitroli, Amta
Page 66 and 67: 64IT’S CALLED DEVELOPMENTIn 2002
Page 68 and 69: uling party leader in the region wa
Page 70 and 71: Federation. The Georgian prosecutor
Page 72 and 73: went to Argilstone Investment and 4
Page 74 and 75: (10%). 290 Like Lemise, Interplast
Page 76 and 77: then buying it back from that group
Page 78 and 79: elonged to Kapital Vostok, a Swiss
Page 80 and 81: a fantasy settlement just south of
Page 82 and 83: made quite a profit, as Sairme is i
Page 84 and 85: and the Tbilisi Development Fund, t
Page 86 and 87: land from the Fund along Aghmashene
Page 88 and 89: On December 24th, the economy minis
Page 90 and 91: had never been properly notified. 3
Page 92 and 93: In 2009, Stanton was renamed GeoPro
Page 94 and 95: Tkibuli is a derelict post-Soviet i
Page 96 and 97:
POSTSCRIPTWhen Georgians went to th
Page 98 and 99:
While Rustavi 2 was passing through
Page 100 and 101:
On October 5, Maestro TV and Global
Page 102:
and further reasons why foreign inv
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