Padma Multipurpose Bridge Project

Table 3-51: Communication network in Project districts................................................................... 3-67Table 3-52: Mode of transport to work place.................................................................................... 3-68Table 3-53: Use of cell phone by villagers ....................................................................................... 3-68Table 3-54: Consumption of fuel for cooking in Project area............................................................ 3-69Table 3-55: Use of electricity by people of sample villages.............................................................. 3-69List of FiguresFigure 3-1: Elevation profile of the Project road ................................................................................. 3-1Figure 3-2: Physiographic features of the Project area ...................................................................... 3-2Figure 3-3: Digital Elevation Map of the Project Area......................................................................... 3-3Figure 3-4: Longitudinal Strata Profile................................................................................................ 3-5Figure 3-5: Cross-Section along Bridge Axis South Bank .................................................................. 3-6Figure 3-6: Satellite images from the project area from 1999 to 2009................................................ 3-9Figure 3-7: Landuse maps of the Project area from 1999 to 2009 ................................................... 3-10Figure 3-8: Mean monthly temperatures in Dhaka ........................................................................... 3-12Figure 3-9: Mean monthly temperatures in Madaripur ..................................................................... 3-12Figure 3-10: Monthly rainfall in Dhaka ............................................................................................. 3-12Figure 3-11: Monthly rainfall in Madaripur........................................................................................ 3-13Figure 3-12: Maximum Wind speed and Direction at Dhaka and Madaripur .................................... 3-14Figure 3-13: Geological features of Project area.............................................................................. 3-15Figure 3-14: Seismic zoning map of the Project area....................................................................... 3-17Figure 3-15: Padma River width in last 160 years............................................................................ 3-18Figure 3-16: River Padma and its distributaries and canals ............................................................. 3-20Figure 3-17: Flood prone areas in the Project area.......................................................................... 3-21Figure 3-18: Three-dimensional rendering of the Padma River and adjacent south floodplain near theproposed bridge location ......................................................................................................... 3-22Figure 3-19: Bathymetry of the Padma in 2008 and 2009................................................................ 3-23Figure 3-20: Bio-ecological zones of the country ............................................................................. 3-24Figure 3-21: Flora in the Project area .............................................................................................. 3-28Figure 3-22: Major aquatic habitat found within the Project area. (All photos taken between 21 and 22July 2009.)............................................................................................................................... 3-29Figure 3-23: Terrestrial and Aquatic Bird Habitats (Photographs taken during July 2009) ............... 3-30Figure 3-24: Terrestrial birds observed during monitoring field work 2009-2010.............................. 3-32Figure 3-25: Aquatic birds observed during monitoring field work in 2009-2010. ............................. 3-33Figure 3-26: Bird habitats, terrestrial and aquatic birds.................................................................... 3-35Figure 3-27: Migratory and Uncommon resident birds observed during field monitoring in November2009........................................................................................................................................ 3-37Figure 3-28: Aquatic species observed in the Project area. ............................................................. 3-39Figure 3-29: Important wildlife habitats around the bridge site. ........................................................ 3-40Figure 3-30: Fish breeding grounds in the Padma River.................................................................. 3-43Figure 3-31: Movement of Jatka (Hilsa juvenile) into the Padma river. ............................................ 3-44Figure 3-32: Fish habitat classification of the study area ................................................................. 3-46Figure 3-33: Fish catch pattern by gears......................................................................................... 3-47Figure 3-34: Different types of fishing gears and crafts of the study chars....................................... 3-48Figure 3-35: Fish catch composition (%) of the Padma river (DoF, 2001)........................................ 3-49Figure 3-36: Butterflies in the project area ....................................................................................... 3-503-iii