Padma Multipurpose Bridge Project

2. The EMMP prepared in accordance with the above framework is given in Table 8-1 and Table 8-2and each of the components in the framework is discussed in the following sections. The EMMP willbe included in all the bid documents of the Project and will become a part of the civil works contract.The strict implementation of the EMMP and project management’s strict enforcement of the adequateconstruction practices and standards will greatly reduce the negative impacts of the Project.8.1.2 Mitigation/Protection/Compensation Measures3. A wide range of mitigation/protection measures are used to address various identifiedenvironmental impacts. These mitigation/protection/compensation measures are derived based on theguiding principles shown in Figure 8-2. The guiding principles consists of six possibilities, three (viz.avoidance, modification and control/mitigation) for project activity and three (viz. protection,relocation/compensation, and enhancement) for environmental component. The most effectivecombination of all these strategies (in terms of its applicability and cost-effectiveness) are found andthen incorporated in the EMMP. A brief description of each of these possibilities is given below.Project ActivitiesAvoid or EliminateActivityModify ActivityAdd Control/Mitigation MeasuresEnvironmentalComponentsInsulate Receptorsfrom Impacts/RisksRelocate/CompensateAffected ReceptorsEnhanceEnvironmentalComponentFigure 8-2: Guiding Principles for Derivation of Mitigation Measures8.1.2.1 Avoidance/Prevention4. The way to ensure the greatest degree of protection for an environmental feature is to avoidimpacting the feature. Avoidance/prevention means essentially keeping away from environmentallysensitive areas by locating (sitting) or reducing the size of project activity. Because of number ofcompeting interests that must be taken into account during the design, it is not possible to avoid allimpacts. The examples include:Change alignment or reducing the dimensions of interchanges to avoid impact on vegetationAvoid piling in fish migratory routes and wildlife breeding grounds8.1.2.2 Modification5. In some cases modification of a project activity or its implementation under special conditions (e.g.,timing of activities, buffers around nesting areas) will greatly reduce or control the adverse impacts.For exampleThe impact on navigation channels and canals can be minimized by modifying the design ofriver training structures.Selection of appropriate dredging techniques will reduce water turbidity.Modification of piling techniques will reduce the noise impacts on migratory birds.8-4