Influence of the ProTaper Gutta-Percha Master Point ... - Dentsply

G It Endo - vol. 22 - n. 1, pp. 13-16Gennaio-Marzo 2008ARTICOLO DI RICERCARESEARCH ARTICLECarlos Menezes AguiarMichelle Corrêa de Araújo CoêlhoLuciana Sette Santos ClímacoAndréa Cruz CâmaraFederal University of Pernambuco,Recife, BrazilFaculty of DentistryDepartment of Prosthetics and Oral andFacial SurgeryAim: evaluate the influence of ProTapergutta-percha master point diameterto seal root canals prepared usingthe ProTaper rotary system.Methodology: forty mesiobuccal rootsfrom maxillary first molars were randomlydivided into four experimentalgroups containing 10 teeth. The group1 was instrumented with ProTaper rotaryfiles F1 and was obturated using aProTaper gutta-percha master pointF1 and AH Plus sealer; group 2 was instrumentedwith F2 and was obturatedusing a ProTaper gutta-percha masterpoint F2 and AH Plus sealer; group 3was the positive control group and thegroup 4 was the negative control group.The apical leakage was evaluated by dyepenetration. Each specimen was suspendedvertically in a clamp stretchedover a reservoir container filled with Indiaink and stored in 100% humidity at37±1ºC for seven days. The sampleswere removed from the dye and theroots were sectioned longitudinally ina bucco-lingual direction. The maximumlinear dye penetration was measuredby two independent evaluators usinga stereoscopic magnifier with 10Xmagnification and a ruler with a 1.0mm graduation.Results: Kruskal-Wallis test revealedthat the differences between the experimentalgroups were not statistically significant.A level of significance of 0.05was adopted.Conclusions: the group 2 showed theleast dye penetration.Key words:Epoxy resins, Gutta-percha, infiltration,sealants.Rotary instruments made from nickeltitaniumalloy are the result of recentadvances in endodontics (1) and theypermit a very high degree of automationin the biomechanical preparationof root canals (2). Those with a triangularsection cut the dentine more efficientlyand are thus able to producemore deviations in the trajectory of theroot canal (3).Root canal sealing has played an importantrole in dental therapy and thebiomechanical preparation by itself isnot capable of disinfecting root canals(4). A complete and hermetically sealedroot canal is very important for achievingsuccess in endodontic therapy (5).Although, there are a large number offilling materials and obturation techniques,the combination of gutta-perchaand a sealer is the most widely usedin clinical practice (6).The aim of the present study was thereforeto evaluate, in vitro, the influence ofCorrispondenza:Prof. Carlos Menezes AguiarRua Heitor Maia Filho, 52 Apt. 201Madalena, Recife PE 50750-525 BrasilTelefone: (+55) 81 3467 6821E-mail: cmaguiar@ufpe.brInfluence of the ProTaper Gutta-percha master pointdiameter in the apical sealingABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONProTaper gutta-percha master point diameterto seal root canals prepared usingthe ProTaper rotary system.MATERIALSAND METHODSForty mesiobuccal roots with matureapices from extracted human maxillaryfirst molars obtained from the ToothBank of the Departament of Prostheticsand Oral and Facial Surgery of FederalUniversity of Pernambuco (UFPE) wereused in this study. These molars had acurvature angle ranging from 30 to 46degrees (7). Previous approval for thisstudy was obtained from the Ethics inResearch Committee of the Center ofHealth Science of the UFPE (080/2005- CEP/ CCS). The teeth were stored in1% sodium chlorite until needed. Allroots were radiographed mesio-distallyto ensure the presence of a single rootcanal. Coronal access was achieved usinga diamond #1016 bur (KG So rensen,São Paulo, Brazil), followed by straightlineaccess to the mesial wall with anEndo-Z bur (Maillefer, Ballaigues, Swit -zerland) in a high-speed handpiece underwater refrigeration. After confirmingthe presence of a single root canal, a #08K-File (Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland)was introduced into the mesio -buccal canal for the purpose of detectingthe presence of obstructions and/or© CIC EDIZIONI INTERNAZIONALI© Copyright 2008, CIC Edizioni Internazionali, Roma.13

Influence of the ProTaper Gutta-Percha Master Point Diameter in the Apical SealingFig. 1 - Root canal filling with F2 gutta-percha point and AH Plus sealershowing infiltration (blue).Otturazione canalare (eseguita con cono di guttaperca F2 e sealer AH Plus)in cui si evidenzia infiltrazione di colorante (blu).Fig. 2 - Root canal filling with F2 gutta-percha point and AH Plus sealer notshowing infiltration.Otturazione canalare eseguita con cono di guttaperca F2 e sealer AH Plusin cui non si evidenzia infiltrazione di colorante.Taper gutta-percha points had a bettereffect.Yücel & Çiftçi (11) compared the bacterialpenetration (Enterococcus faecalis)following obturation with System B,Lateral Compaction, Thermafil, SingleProTaper Gutta-Percha and LaterallyCompacted ProTaper Gutta-Perchawith AH Plus sealer. The evaluationwas carried out for 60 days. At 30 dayFig. 3 - Root canal filling with F1 gutta-percha point and AH Plus sealer notshowing infiltration.Otturazione canalare eseguita con cono di guttaperca F1 e sealer AH Plusin cui non si evidenzia infiltrazione di colorante.Fig. 4 - Root canal filling with F1 gutta-percha point and AH Plus sealer showinginfiltration (blue).Otturazione canalare eseguita con cono di guttaperca F2 e sealer AH Plusin cui si evidenzia infiltrazione di colorante (blu).the slowest penetration was observed inthe groups of System B and LaterallyCompacted ProTaper Gutta-Percha.The fastest penetration was observed inthe groups of Thermafil and Single Pro-Taper Gutta-Percha. At 60 day therewas no statistically significance differenceamong all groups.The NiTi rotary instruments have advantagessuch as ease at use and efficiencycompared with hand preparation,fewer instrumentation errors anda better preparation of curved canals(1). However, the rotary instrumentswith a triangular cross-section, such asthose used in the ProTaper rotary system,have greater cutting efficiencyand, as a result, with this a greater riskof morphological alterations in the rootcanal (3).© CIC EDIZIONI INTERNAZIONALI15

Carlos Menezes Aguiar e Coll.BIBLIOGRAFIAThe great taper master gutta-perchapoint allows a better apical seal in canalsprepared with rotary systems (12),which is in agreement with Al-Hadlaq;Al-Rabiah (2) and with the results of thisstudy. In addition to the angle of taper,the results of this study indicate that theprepared diameter was an importantfactor in the apical seal. The specimenswhere the canals were filled with mastergutta-percha point ProTaper F2produced better results than F1.On the basis of the results of the presentresearch, the use of the ProTapergutta-percha point in filling the rootcanal system may be strongly recommendedsince it permits a larger andmore uniform gutta-percha. In thisstudy the worst result was from the F1ProTaper point, in relation to the dyeleakage, which could be explained as beingdue to the transverse thickness ofthe gutta-percha points and the needfor a thicker sealer layer. The use of achelate solution facilitates the removalof the smear layer, which, in its turn, facilitatesthe penetration of the sealer intothe base of the epoxy resin in thedentine canals, producing a better adhesionof the sealer to the dentine bymeans of a mechanical aggregation (13).AH Plus is an epoxyamine-based resin1. Schäfer E. Root canal instruments formanual use: a review. Endod Dent Traumatol1997;13: 51-64.2. Al-Hadlaq SM, Al-Rabiah AA. In vitro evaluationof three techniques to obturate 0.06taper canal preparations. Aust Endod J2005;31:1-3.3. Peters OA, Peters CI, Schönenberger K,Barbakow F. ProTaper rotary root canalpreparation: effects of canal anatomy on finalshape analyzed by micro CT. Int EndodJ 2003;36:86-92.4. Wu MK, Van Der Sluis LWM, Ardila CN,Wesselink PR. Fluid movement along thecoronal two-thirds of root fillings placed bythree different gutta-percha techniques. InterEndod J 2003; 36: 533-40.5. Brosco VH, Bernardinelli N, Moraes IG.“In vitro“ evaluation of the apical sealingof root canals obturated with different techniques.J Appl Oral Sci 2003; 11: 181-5.6. Wu MK, Groot SD, Van Der Sluis LWM,Wesselink PR. The effect of using an invertedmaster cone in a lateral compactiontechnique on the density of the gutta-perchafill. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol OralRadiol Endod 2003; 96: 345-50.7. Günday M, Sazak H, Garip Y. A comparativestudy of three different root canalcurvature measurement techniques andmeasuring the canal access angle in curvedcanals. J Endod 2005; 31: 796-8.8. Öztan MD, Özgey E, Zaimoglu L, Erk, N.The effect of various root canals sealers onIndia ink and different concentrations ofmethylene blue. J Oral Science 2001; 43:245-8.9. Villegas JC, Yoshioka T, Kobayashi C, SudaH. Quality of gutta-percha root canal fillingsusing differently tapered gutta-perchamaster points. J Endod 2005; 31: 111-3.10. Orucoglu H, Sengun A, Yilmaz N. Apicalleakage of resin based root canal sealerswith a new computerized fluid filtrationmeter. J Endod 2005; 31: 886-90.11. Yücel AÇ, Çiftçi A. Effects of differentroot canal obturation techniques on bacterialpenetration. Oral Surg Oral Med OralPathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006; 102: 88-92.12. Bal AS, Hicks ML, Barnett F. Compari-and was chosen in this case as the rootendfilling material for its favorableproperties, such as an excellent sealingcapacity, lower leakage, bond strength,good radiopacity and bonding (14-17).Based on the results of the present experiment,it could be concluded that thegroup obturated with ProTaper guttaperchamaster point F2 showed the leastdye penetration. However, the differencewas not statistically significant.Acknowledgements:Our thanks to CNPq for the financialhelp enabling us to carry out thisstudy.son of laterally condensed .06 and .02 taperedgutta-percha and sealer in vitro. J Endod2001; 27: 786-8.13. Sousa-Neto MD, Passarinho-Neto JG,Carvalho-Júnior JR, Cruz-Filho AM, PécoraJD, Saquy PC. Evaluation of EDTA, EGTAand CDTA on dentin adhesiveness and microleakagewith different root canal sealers.Braz Dent J 2002; 13: 123-8.14. De Almeida WA, Leonardo MR, TanomaruFilho M, Silva LA. Evaluation of apicalsealing of three endodontic sealers. IntEndod J 2004; 33: 25-7.15. Çobankara FK, Adanir N, Belli S, PashleyDH. A qualitative evaluation of apicalleakage of four root-canal sealers. Int EndodJ 2002; 35: 979-84.16. Kardon BP, Kuttler S, Hardigan P, DornSO. An in vitro evaluation of the sealingability of a new root-canal-obturation system.J Endod 2003;29: 658-61.17. Siqueira Júnior JF, Roças IN, Abad EC,Castro AJR, Gahyva, SM, Faviere A. Abilityof three root-end filling materials to preventbacterial leakage. J Endod 2001;27: 673-5.© CIC EDIZIONI INTERNAZIONALI16