Corona CAD Charged Aerosol Detector Brochure - Dionex

Meaningful Answers fromOne HPLC DetectorWhat is the best way to detect and quantify analytes with HPLC? There is no simpleanswer. UV detection is the most widely used, but fails to detect analytes withoutchromophores. Other, so-called “universal detectors” have fallen short of the promiseof combining application versatility with reliability. For many, MS is not the answer.Now there is a solution – the Corona ® Charged Aerosol Detector (CAD ® ).Based on a unique and innovative detection method, the Corona CAD detectoroffers performance that refractive index (RI), low wavelength UV, evaporative lightscattering (ELS), and chemiluminescence nitrogen (CLN) detectors simply cannotmatch. With charged aerosol detection, you can know what's really in your sample.The Corona CAD delivers:• Response independent of chemical structure• Sensitivity to low nanograms• Gradient compatibility• Wide dynamic range• Simple operationIdeal for a wide range of applicationsThe Corona CAD is appropriate for any nonvolatileand many semivolatile compounds, including:• Pharmaceuticals• Proteins• Lipids• Steroids• Oligosaccharides• Surfactants• Carbohydrates• Polymers• Counterions• PeptidesIntegration with any HPLC systemThe Corona CAD can be used with any standardHPLC system. Software drivers are available forChromeleon ® Chromatography Data System,ChemStation ® , EZChrom ® , and Empower ® 2.The Corona CAD is highly versatile, allowing easy integration with existinginstrumentation to support a wide range of information-rich applications.2

How Charged AerosolDetection WorksCharged Aerosol DetectionWhat makes any detector useful is its ability to accurately measure a wide rangeof analytes with consistent response. However, most detectors exhibit limitations.Often, one analyte responds more strongly than another, or may not respond at all.The Corona CAD detector measures charge that is imparted to analyte particles,with the charge being in direct proportion to the amount of the analyte in the sample.Measuring this charge is accurate and consistent, regardless of the analyte. Theresult is that the Corona CAD detector can quantify any nonvolatile analyte—thisincludes those without chromophores or those that do not ionize—thus providing aconsistent response that is independent of chemical structure. With charged aerosoldetection, you can even measure many semivolatile analytes.Nebulizer and ImpactorHPLC Column EluentAnalyte isnebulized anddried to produceparticlesSignal OutGas InletIon TrapCollectorAnalyte particles transfertheir charge to asensitive electrometerLargest dropletsare eliminatedPositive charge addedto gas streamSimplicity in OperationPositive charge is transferredto analyte particlesStep OneCharged aerosol detection begins byconverting the eluent into droplets whichare subsequently dried, forming particles.The particle size increases with theamount of analyte.Step TwoA stream of positively charged gascollides with the analyte particles.The charge is then transferred to theparticles–the larger the particles, thegreater the charge.Step ThreeThe particle charge is then transferred toa collector where the charge is measuredby a highly sensitive electrometer. Thisgenerates a signal in direct proportion tothe quantity of analyte present.3

Consistent Response withLow Limits of DetectionConsistent ResponseThe response obtained with theCorona CAD for nonvolatile analytesis less dependent on chemical structurethan other detectors. As shown inthe figure, charged aerosol detectionresponse by flow injection analysis isvery similar for equivalent amounts ofa wide diversity of structures. Chargedaerosol detection response does notdepend on analyte optical propertiesas with UV, or the ability to ionize, aswith MS. This characteristic providessignificant advantages for a wide rangeof quantitative methods.Broad ApplicabilityThe Corona CAD detector providesthe ability to measure virtually anynonvolatile and many semivolatileanalytes: from proteins, lipids, andoligosaccharides, to amino acids, drugs,and ions.Positive, negative, or neutral, withor without a chromophore, all can bedetected routinely with chargedaerosol detection.SensitivityCharged aerosol detection consistentlyprovides high sensitivity with low limitsof detection for a wide range of analytes,irrespective of their chemical structure.The Corona CAD can readily detect compoundspresent in single digit nanogramquantities. Here, 10 nanograms each offour carbohydrates are easily detected,well above the detection limit.250,000200,000150,000100,00050,0000NortriptylineSalicylic acidFructoseCharacteristicsHigh MWNeutral, nonpolaNeutral, polarAcidicBasicZwitterionicIonsVolts0.0140.0120.0100.0080.0060.004HomocysteineSucroseDextrinDetector Response for Nonvolatiles10.7% RSD variation in CAD responseamong 1.0 µg samples by flow injectionUmbelliferoneGlutathioneAmitriptylineMethionineLactoseGlucoseAnalytePropranololProgestroneDibucaineCyclodextrinAdrenosteroneExamplesAlbumin, DextrinEstradiol, Umbelliferone, NaphtholGlucose, Fructose, Lactose, SucroseSalicylic AcidPropranolol, Nortriptyline, Amitriptyline, CaffeineHomocysteine, Methionine, GlutathioneAnions, CationsGlucose1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Minutes27899SucroseFructoseGlucosamineTartaric acidLactosePrimidoneGentisic acidPapaverine4 AminoquinaldineWarfarin276134

OOOEnhanced PerformanceGradient CompatibilityThe Corona CAD detector is fullycompatible with gradient operation.Volatile mobile phases such as thoseused with MS are appropriate for usewith the Corona CAD. The figure showsa five minute linear gradient from10 mM ammonium acetate/2% IPA inH 2 0 to 10 mM ammonium acetate in 75%ACN/25% MeOH. In the example, notethe increased nebulization efficiencywith increased organic solvent observedduring a reversed phase gradient.Wide Dynamic RangeCorona CAD’s unique method ofdetection allows quantitation acrossa range that exceeds four orders ofmagnitude. The detector’s wide dynamicrange provides significant advantagesfor measurements of an analyte andlow level impurities in a single run. Thisdynamic range (low ng to high μg) closelymatches the requirements for typicalHPLC methods.Volts0.0160.0140.0120.0100.0080.0060.0040.0020.0001.E+071.E+06Height1.E+05GlucoseCaffeinePropranolol0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5Minutes27900ChlorpromazineGallic acidChlorogenic acidProtocatechuic acid1.E+040.01 0.1 1 10 100µg on column27903ReproducibilityThe Corona CAD offers consistent andreproducible performance. The detectorattains excellent precision, making itpractical for routine analysis in theQC environment.At the right are overlaid results of replicateinjections of five triglycerides with a RSDof 1.6% to 4.4%. RSD of 2% are typical,with lower results often achieved.Response (mV)25022520017515012510075LLLOOOPPPSSS959085807570LLLPPPSSS2 4 6 82 4 6 8Minutes276775

Superior Performance foryour ApplicationsChallenging to DetectDetection and quantitation of an API andcounterions can be a problem. With theCorona CAD and the Acclaim ® Trinity P1column, API and counterions (anions andcations) can be measured simultaneously.This means greater efficiency and morerobust methods.10.5SodiumAPI and CounterionsChlorideDiclofenac0.15% Chloride Spike0.1% Chloride SpikeNo SpikeChallenging to QuantitateTrace impurities can be difficult to assess.Often impurities (e.g., degradants,trace residues) have no chromophoreand are not detectable with UV. Toaccurately measure trace impurity levels,high sensitivity and a wide dynamicrange are required. With sensitivity tolow nanograms and over 4 orders ofmagnitude dynamic range, the CoronaCAD is ideal for trace impurity detectionor the trace levels found in cleaningvalidation. Detection of impurities of0.005% along with the parent compoundare routinely achievable.Complementary andOrthogonal DataThe Corona CAD’s unique method ofdetection produces data complementaryto that of UV and MS. When threedetectors are used to analyze the samesample, all respond based on distinctlydifferent physicochemical properties,providing truly orthogonal data. MS onlydetected two of the three species. Withthe Corona CAD, three peaks with similarresponses were observed – you not onlysee what you think is in your sample, butwhat is actually there.Response-50.180.160.140.120.100.080.060.040.020 1 2 3 4 5Minutes276830.000ChlordiazepoxideImpurityFlurazepamImpurityChlordiazepoxideImpurity1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Minutes27901Comparison of Charged AerosolDetection to UV and MSPropanololVoid + Cl - KetoprofenVerapamilUV at 220nmUV at 254nmCoron CADMS TIC(+ ion scan 150-500AMU)276126

Quick start-up, easy operationCompatible and versatileIntegrates easily with any HPLC system.Easy to read displayBrilliant, high contrast readout providesall essential information.Simple to operateSet gain and gas flow, and youare up and running.Soft key operationRobust, intuitive keypad design.Gas flow controlTouchpad control with LEDstatus indicator.ProgrammableStore 25 methods. Recall and launchmethods easily. Change gain on the fly.Select from 3 preset filters.FlexibilityRun from the keypad or control theCorona CAD from your PC.SecurityBuilt-in security features help ensure21 CFR Part 11 compliance.The Value of Support and ServiceDionex customer care continues after delivery—you get a partner, not just a detector.Dionex provides access to quality post-installation programs and assistance, includingtimely and professional service by locally based representatives, expert customertraining, comprehensive service agreements, and validation and qualification services,as well as application support. Your success equals our success.7

Discover Charged AerosolDetectionIn the world of HPLC, one detectiontechnology stands out. Charged aerosoldetection has response independent ofanalyte structure, provides consistentresponses across a range of nonvolatileanalytes, has a wide dynamic range,broad applicability, and is as easy touse as UV.Enjoy Industry-Leading SupportDionex customer Support Centers arelocated in the Americas, Europe andAsia and provide accessible locationsfor advanced training and enhancedapplication development capabilities.Users can visit these laboratories to learnnew skills in addressing challengingapplications, receive training and support,and discover new, innovative LC andsample preparations solutions.Corporate HeadquartersDionex Corporation1228 Titan WayP.O. Box 3603Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3603Tel: (408) 737-0700Fax: (408) 730-9403Worldwide Sales and ServiceNorth AmericaU.S./Canada (847) 295 7500South AmericaBrazil (55) 11 3731 5140EuropeAustria (43) 1 616 51 25Benelux (31) 20 683 9768(32) 3 353 42 94Denmark (45) 36 36 90 90France (33) 1 39 30 01 10Germany (49) 6126 991 0Ireland (353) 1 644 0064Italy (39) 02 51 62 1267Sweden (46) 8 473 3380Switzerland (41) 62 205 9966United Kingdom (44) 1276 691722Asia PacificAustralia (61) 2 9420 5233China (852) 2428 3282India (91) 22 2764 2735Japan (81) 6 6885 1213Korea (82) 2 2653 2580Singapore (65) 6289 1190Taiwan (886) 2 8751 6655www.dionex.comDionex products are designed,developed, and manufacturedunder an ISO 9001 Quality System.Specifications subject to change without notice.Acclaim, Corona, CAD, UltiMate, and Chromeleon are registered trademarks,and Trinity is a trademark of Dionex Corporation.Chemstation and EZChrom are registered trademarks of Agilent Technologies.Empower is a registered trademark of Waters Corporation.© 2010 Dionex CorporationLPN 2633 5M 10/10 Printed in U.S.A.Passion. Power. Productivity.