Beijing-parking-ITDP-China

Recommendations

Info

Selected residential parking standardsCityMin. residential parking standard Note(parking spaces)Budapest 1.0/unit but 0.5 within 500m of PTHong Kong 0.057-1.275/unit high variety, depending on PT availability andapartment sizeStrasbourg 0.5/unit within 500m from PTStockholm 0.14/room assumed: 3 roomsShanghai 0.3-0.8/unit 0.3 if 100m2Tokyo 0.28/100m2Hamburg 0.2/unitBarcelona 0.17/unit 1.0 per 2-6 units, depending on areaLondon 0 maximums: 1.0/unit (2 bed rooms)Paris 0 maximum: 1.0/unitSan Francisco 0 maximum: 0.25/unitNew York(Manhattan, below60th st.)0 maximum: 0.20/unitMany cities worldwide have implemented a parkingmaximum for residential parking in their standards fornew residential developments, where others have lowminimums and discounts for proximity to public transport.Source: ITDP China (2014), http://globalparking.netappropriately. Especially when developmentsare in close proximity, say 500 meters, of metrostations, parking maximums should apply topromote the use of metro. Parking maximums areneeded to control the number of parking spaces toensure the operability of the area.For older residential areas, such as hutongs,where no off-street parking was built, a restrictiveapproach to parking supply is needed. The surveysat Cheniandian hutong show that few residentsuse the parking lot, despite a very low parkingprice. Enforcement of illegal parking within thehutongs would increase occupancy in the parkinglot. But providing parking solutions for residentsliving in hutongs is not recommended. Moreoff-street parking requires land and is expensive.Constructing mechanical parking costs 50,000-100,000 RMB per parking space and operationalcosts are 2,400RMB per year. Moreover, providingmore supply is only a short-term solution. Withinseveral years new off-street parking may beneeded again.Instead, no off-street parking should be built inthese areas and existing parking vacancy in thesurroundings better used with parking sharing.A proof-of-parking policy, successfully usedin Japanese cities, can be considered for olderareas as well. Before a new license plate is issued,residents who buy a car then first need to provehaving a parking space, by showing proof of ownershipof a parking space or a long-term rentalcontract of a parking space. This puts the problemof finding parking with the car owner rather thanthe government. Implementing a very limitednumber of residential permits for yearly parkingcould be considered, but this can only serve asmall number of residents and only in areas whereparking vacancies during day and night exist. Itshould be priced such that it reflects the value ofthe land, rather than being a favor to drivers.It also advised against to install electrical retractablebollards on public streets that only allowresidents to enter. Especially during day time,when residents are at work, this parking supplywould sit empty.7.5 Private, commercialparkingAbundant supply of parking at offices and shoppingcenters induces more car trips. When anemployee has plenty of parking spaces availableBeijing Parking, ITDP-China 1501 March 2015
Selected commercial parking standardsCityMin. commercial parking standard Note(parking spaces)Shanghai0.6/100m2Stockholm0.4-0.6/100m2Tokyo0.3/100m2Singapore0.2/100m2Seoul0.1/100m2Strasbourg 0 0.5/100m2 if parking demand cannot befound in vicinityAmsterdam 0 maximum: 1.0/250m2San Francisco 0 maximum 7% of total floor spaceLondon 0 maximum: 1.0/1,000-1,500m2Hong Kong 0Commercial parking standards are low or capped withmaximums in international citiesSource: ITDP China (2014), http://globalparking.netat his office, or a person has ample parking spacesto choose from at a shopping center, the chancesthis person drives to work or shops will increase.Parking supply therefore induces traffic and putsa burden on road capacity. Moreover, existingparking lots often have large vacancies, as provenin chapter 3. The Beijing governments needs tolimit car use by imposing parking maximumsfor new commercial developments. The sharingof parking spaces among different land uses andbuildings in the vicinity, as described in the nextsection, also helps making better use of existingparking facilities.7.6 Public off-street parkingPublicly accessible off-street parking places can beparking garages, parking buildings or on-groundparking lots that are not part of the public road.Development of new off-street parking buildingsin Beijing will serve little purpose if the on-streetparking is not taken on first. The surveys presentedearlier show that publicly accessible off-streetparking lots have fairly low occupancies, whereasoccupancies on some streets are very high. Pooron-street enforcement and free on-street parkingmake off-street parking lots unviable, for driversand investors.When implementing the recommended onstreetparking system, especially when combinedwith slightly cheaper prices for off-street parkingand time limits for on-street parking, manydrivers will shift to off-street parking. It is notrecommended for the government to developmore off-street parking with public funds. Rather,it should focus on making more existing off-streetparking open to the public. Private investors willsee opportunities in off-street parking supplywith an effective on-street parking system implemented.The government does need to controlprivate off-street parking lots. Through ‘zoning’the location and size of off-street parking lotsneeds to be controlled to prevent negative trafficOn-street parking must be tackled before private investmentin off-street parking supply can become viableTMsfcooProimBeijing Parking, ITDP-China 1511 March 2015
Page 1:
Parking Guidebookfor Beijing1 March
Page 4 and 5:
1. Introduction
Page 6 and 7:
2. Current Parking Policies & Syste
Page 8 and 9:
Modal split figures for Beijing sho
Page 10 and 11:
Beijing’s 11th Five Year TrafficD
Page 12 and 13:
Private claims to parking spacesIll
Page 14 and 15:
parking, thereby ignoring the offic
Page 16 and 17:
This section describes the case stu
Page 18 and 19:
Guang’anmen -Xinhe areaGuang’an
Page 20 and 21:
Street name Code PageinreportOn-str
Page 22 and 23:
The average parking duration in the
Page 24 and 25:
Hongju Jie (northwest) - HJNWIndica
Page 26 and 27:
Hong Ju Dongjie (north) - HDNIndica
Page 28 and 29:
Hongju Jie (middle east) - HJMEIndi
Page 30 and 31:
Shoupakou Nan Jie (northwest) - SPN
Page 32 and 33:
Shoupakou Nan Jie (middle east) - S
Page 34 and 35:
Hongju Bei Jie (southeast) - HBSEIn
Page 36 and 37:
Shoupakou Nan Jie (south) - SPSIndi
Page 38 and 39:
Shoupakou Xi Yi Xiang - SPXYIndicat
Page 40 and 41:
Hongju Jie (southwest) - HJSWIndica
Page 42 and 43:
Hongju Bei Jie (southwest) - HBSWIn
Page 44 and 45:
Langqin Guoji development(off-stree
Page 46 and 47:
Langqin area parking analysisThe La
Page 48 and 49:
Yuanwuqu area parking locationYuanw
Page 50 and 51:
Above: supply of formal on-street a
Page 52 and 53:
Above: illegal parking during the p
Page 54 and 55:
Chunshuguan Jie (north) - CSGNIndic
Page 56 and 57:
Guangwai Nan Jie (northeast) - GJNE
Page 58 and 59:
Unnamed street (south) - NBLSunname
Page 60 and 61:
Guangwai Nan Jie (middle west) - GJ
Page 62 and 63:
Guang’anmen Nan Binhe Lu (middle)
Page 64 and 65:
Yaziqiao Bei Jie (south) - YZQSIndi
Page 66 and 67:
Yaziqiao Bei Jie (north) - YZQNIndi
Page 68 and 69:
Guangwai Nan Jie - GJSMIndicatorval
Page 70 and 71:
The proposed on-street parking syst
Page 72 and 73:
Chama Bei Jie (north side)Indicator
Page 74 and 75:
Chama Jie (south side)Indicator val
Page 76 and 77:
Xinhe Jiayuan (off-street parking a
Page 78 and 79:
3.3.2 Guomao areaGuomao is the cent
Page 80 and 81:
Parking price:Parking duration:Time
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Survey resultsSurveys were performe
Page 88 and 89:
Parked cars block Liufang metro sta
Page 90 and 91:
4. Parking Problem Analysis
Page 92 and 93:
2. More parking supply leads to mor
Page 94 and 95:
Comparison of Beijing’s vs. best
Page 96 and 97:
Paid on-street parking is not used,
Page 98 and 99:
Jinsong setback case studyA survey
Page 100 and 101: Parking supply in recently opened o
Page 102 and 103: 5. Parking Best Practices
Page 104 and 105: secure bike parking. More bike rack
Page 106 and 107: To achieve this, SFpark uses new te
Page 108 and 109: $1.25 $1.58 $1.08$0.75F I L L M O R
Page 110 and 111: percent — own a car. High density
Page 112 and 113: spaces needed to be minimized, desp
Page 114 and 115: 5.4 Shenzhen, ChinaIn early 2014 Sh
Page 116 and 117: Parking fees are charged on street
Page 118 and 119: 6. On-Street Parking Recommendation
Page 120 and 121: 6.1 Parking zonesThe lack of cohere
Page 122 and 123: long-term parking. On-street parkin
Page 124 and 125: on ring roads), on streets with hig
Page 126 and 127: problems is done within an acceptab
Page 128 and 129: Mexico City parking meterThe app of
Page 130 and 131: Sensors and Electronic Parking Guid
Page 132 and 133: Real-time data on the status of sma
Page 134 and 135: later than 20 days from receiving t
Page 136 and 137: Beijing Parking, ITDP-China 1361 Ma
Page 138 and 139: Existing driveway at thesoutheaster
Page 140 and 141: operator implements and operates th
Page 142 and 143: Indirect investment costs for 12,00
Page 144 and 145: Profitability calculation (per year
Page 146 and 147: 7.1 Abolish parkingminimums for new
Page 148 and 149: Various parking cap approaches by N
Page 152 and 153: and air pollution impacts and preve
Page 154 and 155: Parking sharing practices in select
Page 156 and 157: 7.9 Banning setback parkingBeijing
Page 158 and 159: 8.1 CommunicationsParking is becomi
Page 160 and 161: 9. Proposed Implementation Schedule
Page 162: Implementation schedule of Beijing
show all

Beijing-parking-ITDP-China

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?