translation studies - Facultatea de Litere - Dunarea de Jos

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Elena Bonta and Raluca Bonta Translation within Reception (Oscar Wilde’s Reception in Romania – A Documentary Perspective –) Contemporanul, nr. 1/ 1959, Tribuna, nr. 10/ 1971, p. 10; Teatru, Nr.3/ 1972, pp.48-49; Scînteia, nr.3027/ 1972, p. 4: Contemporanul, nr. 10/ 1971, p. 4. As a conclusion, until 1989, Oscar Wilde enjoyed a great popularity and appreciation in our country. The translations of his most important plays, poems, shortstories and the famous novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (besides adaptations and remakings, as well as the studies dedicated to his work and personality) constitute real cultural acts, destined to make accessible the writer’s literary work to scholars and the large masses of people in Romania. Notes: 1. Fraser, A. (1938) Essay on the Principles of Translation, London, p. III 2. Al. T. Stamatidiad’s, in Revista Fundaţiilor Regale, 3, Nr.7 3. Iosifescu, S. (1959) Prefaţă la Proză umoristică engleză, Editura Tineretului, Bucureşti, p. 319 4. Vianu, Tudor (1919) ‘Traduceri din Oscar Wilde’, Sburătorul, nr. 15, pp. 351-352 5. Levitchi, Leon (1975) Îndrumar pentru traducătorii din limba engleză în limba română, Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, Bucureşti 6. Published for the first time in the journal Ramuri, VI, 1910, nr. 7, 21 noiembrie, p. 3 Bibliography: o Botez, O. (1911) ‘Cronica teatrală. Salomeea…’, Viaţa Românească, nr. 3 o Cocora, I. (1971) ‘Teatrul Naţional Cluj – Oscar Wilde: O femeie fară importanţă’, Tribuna, 4 februarie o Iosifescu, S. (1959) Proză umoristică engleză, Bucureşti: Editura Tineretului o Iorga, N. (1938) Ce datorăm cărţii engleze, Conferinţa la cursurile de vară de Limba engleză de la Sinaia, 31 iulie o Levitchi, L. (1975) Îndrumar pentru traducătorii din limba engleză în limba română, Bucureşti : Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică o Marian, B. P. (1975) ‘O piesă inedită a lui Oscar Wilde’, Cronica, nr. 31 o Philippide, A. (1973) ‘Sunet unic’, Contemporanul, 4 mai o Stanciu, V. (1973) ‘Intenţiunile lui Oscar Wilde’, Tribuna, nr. 20 o Stemer, G. (1973) ‘Poezie si traductibilitate’, Secolul 20, nr. 3 o Stere, C. (1921) ‘Petroniu veacului XIX: Oscar Wilde’, Viaţa Românească, Iaşi o Tornea, F. (1972) ‘Spectacole noi la teatrul C.I.Nottara’, Scînteia, nr. 9027 o Weiss, A. (1914) ‘Cazul lui Oscar Wilde’, Viaţa Românească, decembrie 24
TRANSLATING AND INTERPRETING FEMINIST WRITING INTO METALANGUAGE Violeta Chirea “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi The aim of this research paper is to demonstrate how feminist writing, which may appear to lack sense for the uninitiated reader, turns out to be full of meaning for the elitist reader who is able to decode the message into a conceptual language namely Feminist Metalanguage. It may be looked upon as an example of how a text can be deconstructed into concepts interpreted and translated into metalanguage, considering the fact that “the notion of metalanguage must not be confined to scientific languages; when ordinary language, in its denoted state, takes over a system of signifying objects, it becomes an ‘operation’, that is, a metalanguage.” 1 Further, it also pleads for the independence from the writer of the elitist reader and his role as a Translator of texts into Metalanguage, an Interpret of the message into feminist Concepts, an active participant to the act of creation, hence the act of translation is seen, according to Snell-Hornby 2 , more like a cultural rather than a linguistic transfer. It is obvious that, in order to be able to decode and encode the original message, he/she has to be a connoisseur of the Feminist Writing and of the concepts and theories developed on it. It can be compared to Nida’s “kernel translation” 3 where the transformation of the text will require a process of analysis, transfer and than restructuring, being a translation of concepts and not of words. Thus, “l’aventure d’écriture” can be changed into “l’aventure de lecture”. First of all, the reader will be presented with an approach of the feminist criticism, i.e. a résumé of the feminist concepts representing it, along with a demonstration of how they actually function on a specific piece of writing, namely Fay Weldon’s novella “Weekend” 4 . There are three main feminist approaches that one may refer at in order to better understand the intellectual and cultural orientation of the theoreticians that initiated this trend. The Socio-Political Approach initiated by the British school of feminist criticism focuses on a neo-Marxist representation of the patriarchy pointing out the importance of literature and literary criticism towards a reformation of culture. The Socio-Psychological Approach representative for the American school of feminist criticism emphasizes the recognition of gender difference and also the awareness of a sense of sisterhood with other women. To achieve this goal the work of suppressed female writers has been rediscovered and promoted. The Fe(Male) Approach of the French school of feminist criticism has laid emphasis upon the use of language in the patriarchal society. It is also related to the linguistic concepts of structuralism and post-structuralism, having also the qualities of “l’écriture feminine” (women’s writing). Feminist metalanguage, representing theories on women’s writing, is promoted by such critics as Julia Kristeva, Elaine Showalter, Sandra Gilbert, Susan Gubar and others who created a language common to the elitist readers helping them to easily interpret texts and establish a common ground for discussions and debates. The short story “Weekend”, has been chosen for this analysis to illustrate how this interpretation functions, this translation of a text into metalanguage, denominating concepts representative for the feminist criticism. When reading the short story “Weekend” by Fay Weldon one may experience the feeling that she/he has in his hands an album of true-to-life pictures. “Weekend” is a feminist-oriented piece of writing, an écriture feminine, made up of instances of a common woman’s daily life. Martha, this is her name, is portrayed as a helpless victim of her marital responsibilities which seem to be all mercilessly clinging to her shoulders. Weldon’s novella may be approached from a gynocritical 5 perspective with the reader 25
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Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD 5 I. ENG
Page 5 and 6: FOREWORD This volume is the second
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TRANSLATION STUDIES: RETROSPECTIVE
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MEANING AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NOT
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ABSTRACT CATEGORIES - A CHALLENGE F
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ASPECTS OF TRANSLATING PASSIVE CONS
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THE CONCEPT OF LIGHT IN TRANSLATING
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LOOKING AT TIME AGAIN: A CONCEPTUAL
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TRANSLATION STUDIES IN BUSINESS LIF
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EQUIVALENCE IN TRANSLATION Ioan-Luc
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TRANSLATING ENGLISH LEGALESE EPONYM
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FILMIC TRANSLATIONS OF CULTURE Mich
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AN ANTI-PROJECT: RONGLISH ALIAS ROM
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TRANSLATING CULTURE - SALMAN RUSHDI
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TRANSLATION NORMS OR CONSTRAINTS Mi
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CROSS-LINGUISTIC AND CROSS-CULTURAL
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LES ANGLICISMES COMME TRADUCTIONS D
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COMMENT AMÉLIORER LA COMPÉTENCE T
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II. 3. ROMANIAN CULTURAL AND TRANSL
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TRADIŢIE ŞI MODERNITATE ÎN CERCE
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MODELE CULTURALE ŞI IMAGINI LITERA
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ÎNTRE OGLINZI FRACTALE: „PELERIN
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ZBOR DEASUPRA… POSTMODERNISMULUI
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