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Figure 4.1.3. Actun Toh profiles for operations 6 and 7.AMCS Bulletin 12 — Chapter 4 39shelf. Having identified the co-occurrence of mounds,stairways, and rock art in other cave in the region, Ianticipated a pool to be the final destination of thispath through the cave (as is typically the case).Several lines of evidence led to the conclusionthat a pool at one time occupied this now dry portionof the cave. Immediately noticeable was a layer ofevaporates over the top of the soil, which indicateperiodic water accumulation. By observing this portionof the cave during heavy rains, it was clear thatwater follows a course from the entrance to the bottomof operation 6—carrying with it soil and debris.It was obvious that a small pool could become filledwith such debris if left unattended. Along the southernwall of operation 6 (adjacent to the pool) was asizable mound or pile of soil and stones that appearedto have been the result of ancient pool maintenanceactivities. Imbedded in this matrix are numeroussherds, which attest to feature’s cultural origin. Thedepth of the water table, which was measured via wellsin the vicinity of Actun Toh, was consistent with thedepth of the lowest portion of the cave (20.69 m).An excavation into the flat, soil-covered portion ofoperation 6 (excavation unit A) confirmed the cave’sone-time connection to the water table (at –21.21 m).The excavation unit did not reach the bottom or floorof the pool itself. Nevertheless, the dimensions of thesmall chamber in which it was located suggest thatthe pool was no greater that 1.5 m at its widest pointand likely sumped beneath the southwestern wall ofthe chamber.Operation 5 is reached by a path leading awayfrom the floor at the base of the pyramidal structure (seefigure 4.1.8). To the south of the chamber’s entrancemain chamber that have been enclosed or otherwisedelineated by pathways, stairways, or low stone braces.The structure, floor, and much of the main chamberoccupies operation 1.Along the southern edge of the floor, a stairwayleads down into operation 6 (see figures 4.1.2, 4.1.3,and 4.1.8), which is an enclosed sloping room. Thefirst set of stairs leads to a landing while passing beneatha panel of five carved faces. The panel consistsof four circular frontal faces (three of which are visiblein figure 4.1.9) and an additional skull-like image(figure 4.1.10). A second set of stairs arrives at a smalllevel patch of soft soil that marks the lowest pointwithin the cave. Also at the bottom of the stairway is aniche in the cave wall, which has been modified bythe stacking of stones so as to create a level offertoryFigure 4.1.4. Idealized profile of Actun Toh.