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12AMCS Bulletin 12ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPermission to conduct research was granted bythe Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia(INAH) and was graciously facilitated by JoaquínGarcía-Bárcena, acting president of the Consejo deArqueología. Assistance with the permit process wasprovided by Adriana Velázquez Morlet, director ofCentro INAH Quintana Roo, and María José ConUribe. It was a privilege to work under two such capableand dedicated scholars. My analysis at theCeramoteca of Centro INAH Yucatán was made possibleby Alfredo Barrera Rubio, Sylviane Boucher, andYoly Palomo. I am especially grateful to Sylviane andYoly for sharing with me their extensive knowledgeof Maya pottery. I would also like to thank the followingINAH archaeologists for their support and for contributingto the successful completion of my dissertationresearch: Eunice Uc González, Fernando RoblesCastellanos, Peter Schmidt, Guillermo Ahuja, EnriqueTerrones, Luis Leira, Carlos Peraza, and CuauhtemocFernando Garcés. A special thanks goes to Luis AlbertoMartos López for taking an early interest in my researchand for his continued support and advice.I offer my sincerest gratitude and appreciationto the people of Naranjal, who made my manymonths of living and working in the community a trulyenriching experience. I would especially like to thankClaudio Cupul Chi for tirelessly negotiating on mybehalf and skillfully arranging my trips to the caves. Iextend my thanks to the entire Cupul May family fortheir warmth, hospitality, and continued friendship.Many individuals from the ejidos on which Iworked guided me to the caves, assisted in the research,and shared with me their knowledge and wisdom. Thisdissertation is a direct result of their involvement andtherefore I am pleased to acknowledge the efforts ofeach individual. From Naranjal: Eleuterio Tun Balam,Pedro Cupul Chi, Luis Tun Balam, Narciso MasumHuitzil, Liberato Mazum Sánchez, Feliciano TunBalam, Donato Tun Balam, Enrique Cupul Chi, JulianAyala Cu, Ignacio Cupul Balam, Pascual Mazum Noh,José Cupul May, Marcelino Cupul May, VenancioCupul May, Gregorio Tun Cupul, and Manuel TunCupul. In San Juan de Dios: Gregorio Dzul Cohuo,Daniel Dzul Cohuo, Ramón Balam Quetzal, FelipeEstrella Dzul, Jorge Estrella Dzul, Martiñano CahunBalam, Reymundo Tsub Uh. I would especially liketo thank Eligio Cahuich Bacab for his friendship andearnest support, and Marcelino Dzul Cahuich for accompanyingme on my seemingly endless trips toActun Toh. In Kantunilkin: Fidel Baas Chuc, CarlosPoot Pech, Jorge Cab Canul, and Beningino Cab Ek.And finally, in San Francisco, Severiano Colon Puc.With these individuals, a cave was not just a destination,it was an educational journey and I feel privilegedto have learned so much about their world.My dissertation research was supported in part bygrants from the Cave Research Foundation and theNational Speleological Society, two consecutive UCRHumanities Graduate Student Research Grants, a UCRGraduate Dean’s Dissertation Research Grant, and agenerous grant from the Anders Foundation. Followupwork at the Ceramoteca was made possible througha UC MEXUS Small Grant awarded to Scott L.Fedick. My graduate career at UCR was supported byfellowships from the Department of Anthropology. Iwould like to thank Ruth Douglas, Judy Corbett, JuanVicente Palerm, Andrea Kaus, Rick Toomey, ChrisGroves, and Gayle and Carl Nuffer for creating or facilitatingthese funding opportunities. Field accommodationsand additional support were graciously andgenerously provided by Gastón Alegre López andMichael Baker.If not for Scott Fedick, my main advisor, I wouldhave never found my place in the forests and caves ofQuintana Roo. Our chance meeting in Belize has ledto a lasting friendship and I look forward to callinghim a close and trusted colleague. Scott has neverwavered in his enthusiasm and support, and his highacademic standards serve as a model I can only hopeto follow in the future. I am fortunate to have studiedunder Karl Taube. His gift of insight and breadth ofknowledge are truly astounding. I am indebted to Karlfor introducing me to the communities in which I livedand worked and for providing guidance and advicethroughout the course of my research. I would like tothank Michael Kearney for sharing his experience asan ethnographer. I have the greatest respect for hiswork. I am eternally grateful to James Brady. It can be

AMCS Bulletin 12 13easily said that no one has done more to advance thestate of Maya cave studies than Jim. All cave archaeologistsworking in Mesoamerica owe him a debt ofgratitude. Jim’s selfless dedication to his students ishumbling and my work has benefited immeasurablyfrom his involvement. Also, special thanks go to EugeneAnderson and Robert Patch for serving on myorals committee.There are few people I admire and respect morethat Joseph Ball. His mentorship forged the intellectualand practical skills I sought to hone as a graduatestudent. I cannot even begin to thank him for introducingme to archaeology and providing me with constantguidance and inspiration.In the field, there is no one I would rather workwith than Jennifer Mathews. Her quick wit, resourcefulness,and tenacity have gotten us through difficulttimes together. Part of looking forward to each newfield season is the promise of spending time with Jen.Her faith in me during the dissertation process willalways be appreciated.Cave work in the Yalahau region was no easy task.The conditions were brutal at best, and for those involvedthe only reward at the end of the day was acold Leon Negra and my sincerest thanks. The highlyproductive initial reconnaissance of the region wouldnot have happened without the unfettered enthusiasmof Kevin Hovey. He was always ready for another cavetrip and his constant motivation ensured the successof my first dissertation field season. Kevin is a talentedarchaeologist and his early ideas about cavesand settlement history in the region continue to guidemy research. Kurt Heidelberg put in countless hoursin Actun Toh and Actun Pech. His hard work and technicalexpertise are reflected in this dissertation and Ilearned a great deal from his involvement in theproject. Excavations in Actun Toh were conductedwith the assistance of Fabio Esteban Amador. Throughour work in the field, I have come to value his friendshipand admire his abilities as a researcher. I lookforward to our future adventures.The following individuals all put their time inunderground, and I appreciate their help and high tolerancefor discomfort: José Manuel Estrada Faisal,Jane Prendergast, Julie Bell, Darcy Wiewall, JenniferMathews, Ivan Miranda, Kerry Duff, Karlos Santos-Coy, Natasha Johnson, and Aaron Gardner. I wouldalso like to thank my fellow Yalahau project membersfor their moral and logistical support during the courseof my fieldwork. Many thanks to: Jorge Ceja Acosta,Jeffrey Glover, Kathy Sorensen, Bente Juhl Andersen,Bethany Morrison, Shanti Morell-Hart, and DennisTaylor. I am especially grateful to Karl Lorenzen forhis generosity and good company in the field. Thanksalso to Arturo Gómez-Pompa, Marco Lazcano Barrero,and Gillian Schultz.The opportunity to work with José ManuelOchoa on my ceramic collection was a blessing. I havemet few scholars with his focus and discipline and Iwould probably still be wandering the aisles of theCeramoteca if not for his help. Manuel’s patience,good nature, and passion for archaeology created anideal environment to both work and learn.I would like to thank Sara Dzul, SocorroJiménez Alvarez, Teresa Ceballos Gallareta, and TaraBond for their input during the ceramic analysis. Accessto the important Komchen ceramic reports waskindly provided E. Wyllys Andrews V. My deepestthanks to Georgia Charuhas, Veronique Rorive, andSylviane Boucher for their warm-hearted hospitalityduring my stay in Mérida. Thanks also to ClaraEgugrian and Antonio Mena of the Yum Balam Reserveand to the entire staff of Hotel El Rey del Caribein Cancún.Back in the States, a number of individualscontributed to my dissertation research. Karen Selsorand the UCR Radiocarbon Laboratory coordinated theanalysis of my samples by CAMS, at the LawrenceLivermore National Laboratory. Special thanks toKathy Rose for her work on the dolomite samples.The faunal material was analyzed (in Mexico) andwritten-up at UCR by Alexis Gray. I appreciate theinput by Matthew Des Lauriers on my small lithicscollection. Jaime Muldoon spent hours scanning myslides and fine-tuning the images for my dissertation.His patience and attention to detail are remarkable.A number of ideas in my dissertation wouldhave never emerged without a nudge from AndreaStone. I consider her work to be of the highest caliber,so her support of my research is especially meaningful.I feel honored to have worked with her in the field,if only for a short while. Every step of my graduatecareer benefited from the sage advice and encouragementof Carlos G. Vélez-Ibáñez. I hope to somedaypass along his skillful approach to mentoring, whichhas enhanced both my personal and professional life.I am proud to be part of a close-knit communityof cave archaeologists. Although I have not yet hadthe opportunity to work with any of them in the field,their kind words and constructive advice over the yearshave been invaluable. In the overly competitive worldof academia, their spirit of camaraderie and sinceredesire to help each other succeed is truly amazing.These individuals are almost too numerous to mention,so I would like to acknowledge them collectively,by project: the Western Belize Regional Cave Project,

12AMCS Bulletin 12ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPermission to conduct research was granted bythe Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia(INAH) and was graciously facilitated by JoaquínGarcía-Bárcena, acting president of the Consejo deArqueología. Assistance with the permit process wasprovided by Adriana Velázquez Morlet, director ofCentro INAH Quintana Roo, and María José ConUribe. It was a privilege to work under two such capableand dedicated scholars. My analysis at theCeramoteca of Centro INAH Yucatán was made possibleby Alfredo Barrera Rubio, Sylviane Boucher, andYoly Palomo. I am especially grateful to Sylviane andYoly <strong>for</strong> sharing with me their extensive knowledgeof Maya pottery. I would also like to thank the followingINAH archaeologists <strong>for</strong> their support and <strong>for</strong> contributingto the successful completion of my dissertationresearch: Eunice Uc González, Fernando RoblesCastellanos, Peter Schmidt, Guillermo Ahuja, EnriqueTerrones, Luis Leira, Carlos Peraza, and CuauhtemocFernando Garcés. A special thanks goes to Luis AlbertoMartos López <strong>for</strong> taking an early interest in my researchand <strong>for</strong> his continued support and advice.I offer my sincerest gratitude and appreciationto the people of Naranjal, who made my manymonths of living and working in the community a trulyenriching experience. I would especially like to thankClaudio Cupul Chi <strong>for</strong> tirelessly negotiating on mybehalf and skillfully arranging my trips to the caves. Iextend my thanks to the entire Cupul May family <strong>for</strong>their warmth, hospitality, and continued friendship.Many individuals from the ejidos on which Iworked guided me to the caves, assisted in the research,and shared with me their knowledge and wisdom. Thisdissertation is a direct result of their involvement andthere<strong>for</strong>e I am pleased to acknowledge the ef<strong>for</strong>ts ofeach individual. From Naranjal: Eleuterio Tun Balam,Pedro Cupul Chi, Luis Tun Balam, Narciso MasumHuitzil, Liberato Mazum Sánchez, Feliciano TunBalam, Donato Tun Balam, Enrique Cupul Chi, JulianAyala Cu, Ignacio Cupul Balam, Pascual Mazum Noh,José Cupul May, Marcelino Cupul May, VenancioCupul May, Gregorio Tun Cupul, and Manuel TunCupul. In San Juan de Dios: Gregorio Dzul Cohuo,Daniel Dzul Cohuo, Ramón Balam Quetzal, FelipeEstrella Dzul, Jorge Estrella Dzul, Martiñano CahunBalam, Reymundo Tsub Uh. I would especially liketo thank Eligio Cahuich Bacab <strong>for</strong> his friendship andearnest support, and Marcelino Dzul Cahuich <strong>for</strong> accompanyingme on my seemingly endless trips toActun Toh. In Kantunilkin: Fidel Baas Chuc, CarlosPoot Pech, Jorge Cab Canul, and Beningino Cab Ek.And finally, in San Francisco, Severiano Colon Puc.With these individuals, a cave was not just a destination,it was an educational journey and I feel privilegedto have learned so much about their world.My dissertation research was supported in part bygrants from the <strong>Cave</strong> Research Foundation and theNational Speleological Society, two consecutive UCRHumanities Graduate Student Research Grants, a UCRGraduate Dean’s Dissertation Research Grant, and agenerous grant from the Anders Foundation. Followupwork at the Ceramoteca was made possible througha UC MEXUS Small Grant awarded to Scott L.Fedick. My graduate career at UCR was supported byfellowships from the Department of Anthropology. Iwould like to thank Ruth Douglas, Judy Corbett, JuanVicente Palerm, Andrea Kaus, Rick Toomey, ChrisGroves, and Gayle and Carl Nuffer <strong>for</strong> creating or facilitatingthese funding opportunities. Field accommodationsand additional support were graciously andgenerously provided by Gastón Alegre López andMichael Baker.If not <strong>for</strong> Scott Fedick, my main advisor, I wouldhave never found my place in the <strong>for</strong>ests and caves ofQuintana Roo. Our chance meeting in Belize has ledto a lasting friendship and I look <strong>for</strong>ward to callinghim a close and trusted colleague. Scott has neverwavered in his enthusiasm and support, and his highacademic standards serve as a model I can only hopeto follow in the future. I am <strong>for</strong>tunate to have studiedunder Karl Taube. His gift of insight and breadth ofknowledge are truly astounding. I am indebted to Karl<strong>for</strong> introducing me to the communities in which I livedand worked and <strong>for</strong> providing guidance and advicethroughout the course of my research. I would like tothank Michael Kearney <strong>for</strong> sharing his experience asan ethnographer. I have the greatest respect <strong>for</strong> hiswork. I am eternally grateful to James Brady. It can be

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