Generic Guidance and Optimum Model Settings for the CALPUFF ...

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Table A-3. Explanation and Recommendations for the Overwater Surface Fluxes Switches Overwater Surface Fluxes Method and Parameters COARE (Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment) with no wave parameterization (JWAVE=0), Charnock Coastal/Shallow water length scale COARE warm layer computation COARE cool skin layer computation Option Parameter Recommended value in typical conditions ICOARE DSHELF IWARM ICOOL 10 0 km 0 0 58 Explanation and Justification Recent COARE overwater flux module improves model performance over the previous Overwater Coastal Dispersion (OCD) model algorithm. The US EPA default of ICOARE = 0, which is to use the original deltaT method of OCD model is not recommended because MMS-sponsored model evaluations have demonstrated better performance with the COARE algorithm. Used for COARE fluxes. Default value is 0 km assumes deep water. User can enter a different value in km, to represent the length scale of the shallow water which is then modified for roughness (zo). However, MMS-sponsored model evaluations have demonstrated similar performance with the Used for COARE fluxes. Default value is 0 assuming deep water and well mixed ocean layer. Warm layer computation must be off (IWARM=0) if sea surface temperature is measured with an IR radiometer. Used for COARE fluxes. Default value is 0 assuming deep water and well mixed ocean layer. Cool skin layer computation off (ICOOL=0) if sea surface temperature is measured with an IR radiometer. Mixing height – Input Group 6 Empirical Mixing height constants Neutral mechanical equation CONSTB 1.41 Value based on empirical data - no need to change Convective mixing height equation CONSTE 0.15 Value based on empirical data - no need to change Stable mixing height equation CONSTN 2400 Value based on empirical data - no need to change Overwater mixing height equation CONSTW 0.16 Value based on empirical data in Gulf of Mexico. May be a function of locations. Absolute value of Coriolis FCORIOL 1.0E-04 s -1 Suitable default for mid-latitudes, will need to be changed if in higher or lower latitudes accordingly
Table A-3 Explanation and Recommendations for the Overwater Surface Fluxes Switches/Continued Option Parameter Recommended value in typical conditions Explanation and Justification Spatial Averaging of Mixing IAVEZI 1 Conduct spatial averaging which is recommended to smooth mixing heights Heights between grid cells Maximum search radius in Typical value is several (1-10) km, but must be expressed in terms of number of averaging process (in grid cells) MNMDAV 1 grid cell grid cells (MNMDAV = X km/DGRIDKM). Note, default value of 1 cell is not the recommended value. MNMDAV must be computed (in grid cell units) from the search radius in km divided by the grid cell size (km) Half-angle of upwind looking cone for averaging Layer of winds used in upwind HAFANG 30 deg Default value based on model testing averaging ILEVZI 1 Default value based on model testing. Convective Options Mixing Height Method to compute the convective Maul-Carson for land and water cells. The recommendation reflects the recent mixing height Threshold buoyancy flux required IMIXH 1 research findings of the study sponsored by the MMS. The US EPA default of IMIXH=-1 (Maul-Carson mixing height for over land only and the OCD mixing height overwater) is not recommended because it does not reflect the findings of the MMS-sponsored model evaluation work. to sustain convective mixing height growth overland THRESHL 0.0 W/m 3 Threshold buoyancy flux required to sustain convective mixing height growth overwater THRESHW 0.05 W/m 3 Recommended value based on testing sponsored by MMS over the Gulf of Other Mixing Height Variables Mexico. Minimum potential temperature Based on empirical testing, do not change unless have data to prove otherwise lapse rate in stable layer above the current convective mixing height DPTMIN 0.001 deg K/m 59
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Generic Guidance and Optimum Model
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Contents SCOPE OF WORK AND BACKGROU
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LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 2-1. Fi
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SCOPE OF WORK AND BACKGROUND A.1 In
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1. INTRODUCTION The CALPUFF modelin
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2.3 Methodologies for Running CALME
Page 13 and 14: hourly profiles of wind speed, wind
Page 15 and 16: Table 2-2. Model Option Switches fo
Page 17 and 18: 2.3.4 Single Station Meteorology It
Page 19 and 20: Note that in no-observations (No-Ob
Page 21 and 22: Table 2-3. Tabulated List of Variou
Page 23 and 24: 3 RECOMMENDED MODEL OPTION SETTINGS
Page 25 and 26: Ridge 1 distance (km) Ridge 2 Figur
Page 27 and 28: Boundary Layer (TIBL) over the land
Page 29 and 30: � algorithms were designed to tre
Page 31 and 32: Figure 3-3. Shows a cross-section o
Page 33 and 34: 3.5.2 Evaluation Studies Figure 3-6
Page 35 and 36: AERMOD BLP 60 70 80 90 95 98 99 Cum
Page 37 and 38: In CALPUFF, by default, a calm peri
Page 39 and 40: UTM Y Coordinate (km) - WGS84 6474.
Page 41 and 42: It is important to note that no eva
Page 43 and 44: 6474.5 6474 6473.5 6473 6472.5 6472
Page 45 and 46: sigma v (CALPUFF calculated) Figure
Page 47 and 48: 4. DISCUSSION ON THE APPROPRIATE PR
Page 49 and 50: 4.3.1 Graphical Evaluation Graphica
Page 51 and 52: (uncorrelated). A line of best fit,
Page 53 and 54: 4.3.3 Other Meteorological Evaluati
Page 55 and 56: Schulman, L.L. and J.S. Scire, 1980
Page 57 and 58: Table A-1. An Explanation of the 7
Page 59 and 60: Table A-1 An Explanation of the 7 C
Page 61 and 62: Table A-2 Explanation and Recommend
Page 63: Table A-2 Explanation and Recommend
Page 67 and 68: Table A-4. Explanation and Recommen
Page 69: Table A-4 Explanation and Recommend
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