Organization and Performance of Cotton Sectors in Africa ... - infoDev

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focus group discussions by farmertype, methodology for, 134,135–36historical background and recentevolution of cotton sector in,38–43inclusion in study, xxv, 6, 7finput credit and extension in,76–77, 84tinput supply problem in, 205n3macroeconomic impact of cottonsector in, 148–49t, 150f, 151tmarketing of cotton from, 25oil and cake markets, 26, 27t, 98t,99–103overall competitiveness, 145,146f, 163passbook system, 77, 128performance and behavior factorsbeyond structure, 59–60bperformance and structure of sector,link between, xxvii–xxx, 154,161–64prices and pricing system in, 68–71,69t, 70tproductivity, 120f, 121f, 122quality control in, 89t, 90, 93–95,94–95b, 96, 166, 208n61,210n86reform challenges in, xxxivreform efforts in, xxivresearch in, 107–10, 108treturns to farmers, 123f, 124–26t,127–32, 129f, 133t, 209n76Savings and Credit Cooperatives, 179statistical tables, 192–93tsustainability, governance, andmanagement of cotton sector,improving, 173in typology of SSA cotton sector, xxv,xxvif, 46, 48–49, 48f, 53,59–60b, 65, 179–80tariff protections on edible oils,101, 103technology transfer, 170–71Thailand, 14Togo, 17btoll ginning, 100btransaction cost economics, 99Tschirley, David, 3, 45, 65, 73, 87, 153Turkey, 12, 14, 50bTurkmenistan, 50btypology of firms, 211n93typology of SSA cotton sectors,xxv–xxvii, 45–61. See alsocompetitive market systems;concentrated market systems;hybrid systems; localmonopolies; nationalmonopoliescompany cost efficiency by, 140, 141tcoordination and competition,46–49decision tree for, 46fdynamism in, 48f, 49, 79–80b,174–75global applicability of, 50–51bimportance of, 153–54input credit and extension affectedby. See under input credit andextensionlocation of countries within,xxvif, 48fmarket-based versus regulatedsectors, 45–46, 46foil and cake marketsoverall country typologies and,57–58t, 60–61structure and organization of,97–101, 98toverall competitiveness of,145–47, 146tpath dependency in sector structure,154, 175, 210n83performance and behavior factorsbeyond structure, 59–60bperformance and structure of sector,link between, xxvii–xxx,54–58, 55f, 57–58t, 154,161–64predicted strengths and weaknessesof different types, 51–53, 52tproductivity and, 122quality control and, 87, 88–89t,92–96, 94–95breform efforts and, xxxii–xxxiv230 INDEX
esearch and, 108–11returns to farmers and, 122,132, 133tsustainability and competitiveness,structure as key factor in,xxxi–xxxiiway forward by, 174–80Ugandacompany cost efficiency in, 140, 141t,142f, 143f, 144–45, 162historical background and recentevolution of cotton sector in,38–43inclusion in study, xxv, 6, 7finput credit and extension in, 76–77,81, 84tmacroeconomic impact of cottonsector in, 148–49t,150f, 151tmarketing of cotton from, 25oil and cake markets, 27t, 98t,102, 103overall competitiveness, 145,146f, 163performance and behavior factorsbeyond structure, 59–60bperformance and structure of sector,link between, xxvii–xxviii,xxx, 154, 161, 162, 163prices and pricing system in, 68–71,69t, 70tproductivity, 120f, 121f, 122,209n74quality control in, 89t, 95reform efforts in, xxivresearch in, 106, 107, 108treturns to farmers, 123f, 124–26t,127, 128, 129f, 132, 133t,209n75statistical tables, 194tsustainability, governance, andmanagement of cotton sector,improving, 172in typology of SSA cotton sector, xxv,xxvif, xxvii, 48, 48f, 49, 53,59–60b, 65, 179–80, 208n49UK91, 110Union Nationale des Producteurs deCoton du Burkina (UNPCB),34, 76United Kingdom, 106United Statesas consumer of cotton, 14dollar strength/weakness and cottonprices, 16–19, 19f, 153farmer associations in, 50bpolicy shifts in, 15production of cotton in, 12–14seed prices in, 101subsidies to cotton farmers in, 3–4,19, 20b, 21support for cotton industry in,206n14UNPCB (Union Nationale desProducteurs de Coton duBurkina), 34, 76upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum),22URECOS-CI, 50bU.S. Agency for InternationalDevelopment (USAid), 77Uzbekistan, 50bvalorization of seed cotton byproducts.See oil and cake marketsVictoria Federation of CooperativeUnions, 39WAEMU (West African Economic andMonetary Union), 17bway forward for SSA cotton sectors,164–80efficiency of ginning industries, 171input credit and extension, 169,179–80marketing practices and strategies,166–67oil and cake markets, 167–68prices and pricing systems, 176productivity at farm level, 168quality control, 165–66research, 170sustainability, governance, andmanagement, improving,172–73INDEX 231
Page 1:
AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENTOr
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AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENTSe
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© 2009 The International Bank for
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Section II. Historical Background a
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BOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLESBoxes2.1
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5.2 Summary of Pricing Mechanisms i
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eference are limited to neighboring
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis study was carri
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ABBREVIATIONS¢ U.S. centACPAgricul
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US$U shWAEMUWCAWTOU.S. dollarUganda
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output markets, improving productiv
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etween these competing needs, provi
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■■■■■competition increase
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monopolies range from 0.98 to 1.15,
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macroeconomics, developments in com
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central body and that the state nee
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CHAPTER ONEIntroductionDavid Tschir
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The debate about how to deal with t
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Figure 1.1 Map of Africa Highlighti
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hypotheses about sector performance
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to reach 25 million tons of lint in
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cotton production was introduced in
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Figure 2.2 Nominal Cotton Prices (U
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Box 2.1 (Continued)Togo, 39 percent
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Box 2.2 Cotton SubsidiesCotton subs
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efers specifically to the presence
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picking, storage, handling, or tran
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national monopoly (state-owned or p
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SECTION TWOHistorical Background an
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shares belonging to governments, an
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Changes Made Since the End of the 1
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long-term development strategies, (
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possible link between price-setting
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production fell further, to lows of
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all aspects of the chain from input
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suggestions (a) of establishing fas
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Figure 4.1 Decision Tree for Cotton
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Figure 4.2 African Cotton Sector Ty
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Box 4.1 Is This Typology Specific t
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52Table 4.1 Trading Off: Strengths
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CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE LINKS BETW
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chosen in this book and the impact
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Table 4.3 Expected Performance alon
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Box 4.2 (Continued)Second, farmers
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SECTION THREEComparative Analysis:C
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PRICING MECHANISMS IN WCAPricing me
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efore planting, price risk in the s
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Table 5.3 Summary of Producer Share
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Finally, FOT price shares in WCA ro
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MALI AND CAMEROON: GOVERNMENT MONOP
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Significant in Mozambique, the comp
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Zimbabwe transitioned during the 19
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Box 6.1 (Continued)A move from a co
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82Table 6.1 Summary of Input Supply
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84Table 6.1 (Continued)IndicatorsCo
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CHAPTER SEVENQuality ControlGérald
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Tanzania Competitive 1 2 Very lax n
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Figure 7.1 Estimated Premium for To
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all fiber coming from Africa—are
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Box 7.1 (Continued)newly liberalize
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CHAPTER EIGHTValorization of SeedCo
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competitive market in some of the o
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a few years, it indicates that some
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should eventually make a difference
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CHAPTER NINECotton ResearchDuncan B
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With regard to human and financial
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■■■Be involved in setting res
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made royalty payments to CRI. When
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and to identify complementary inves
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CHAPTER TENYields and Returns toFar
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fact that 55 percent of cotton is p
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Yields by Farmer TypeTo assess perf
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Factors beyond company services als
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Table 10.1 Summary Crop Budgets by
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According to the focus group inform
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Figure 10.6 Net Margins after All C
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All other variables in the budgets
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Table 10.2Summary of Average Yield
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■■■■impression is given tha
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were based on a 2005 cotton farmer
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more recent data are not available
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Figure 11.1 Estimated Average Ginni
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to buy seed cotton immediately afte
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146Table 11.3 Overall Competitivene
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148Table 11.4 Total Value Added per
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Figure 11.3 Total Value Added per c
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CHAPTER TWELVEConclusionsPatrick La
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Table 12.1 Summary of Expected and
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Valorization ofby-productsValue of
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Macro impact■ Total value addedpe
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across concession zones, with newer
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high yields. However, a mixed pictu
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governance and regulatory structure
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against price and exchange rate ris
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Improvements in the Delivery of Ext
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esistant, “stacked” genes), and
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Just as improved sector management
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More-competitive systems are perhap
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■■■■Interprofessional commi
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Page 217 and 218: APPENDIX AStatistical Tables181
Page 219 and 220: 1989/90 43 111 383 40.7 95 0.491990
Page 221 and 222: 1989/90 62 150 416 41.0 95 0.671990
Page 223 and 224: 1989/90 43 89 482 41.3 95 0.651990/
Page 225 and 226: 1989/90 99 189 521 42.8 85 0.541990
Page 227 and 228: 1997/98 31 327 95 33 to 35 2,950 83
Page 229 and 230: 1994/95 82 344 238 33 207.0 40.0119
Page 231 and 232: Table A8 ZambiaSeasonLint productio
Page 233 and 234: Table A9 ZimbabweSeasonLint product
Page 235 and 236: Table A10 Ginning and FOB-to-CIF Co
Page 237 and 238: 1997/98 1.64 598 210 75 49 74 7.619
Page 239: 1987/88 17,609 31,238 564 414 911 4
Page 242 and 243: 206 NOTES11. Important cotton secto
Page 244 and 245: 208 NOTES47. Benin is not included
Page 246 and 247: 210 NOTES79. In Zimbabwe and Zambia
Page 249 and 250: BIBLIOGRAPHYBadiane, Ousmane, Dhane
Page 251 and 252: and Instability, ed. A. Sarris and
Page 253: World Bank. 2007. Strategies for Co
Page 256 and 257: CFA exchange rate, 17-18b, 19fcompa
Page 258 and 259: input credit and extension in, 77-8
Page 260 and 261: firm types, 211n93fixed prices, for
Page 262 and 263: productivity, 119, 121f, 205n8,209n
Page 264 and 265: key indicators, 56-58, 57-58t,155-5
Page 268 and 269: technology transfer, 170-71by typol
Page 270: ECO-AUDITEnvironmental Benefits Sta
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