Organization and Performance of Cotton Sectors in Africa ... - infoDev

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firm types, 211n93fixed prices, forward sales contracts at,25, 167FOB (free-on-board) price, 66, 70,199–201tfocus group discussions by farmer type,methodology for, 134–37forward sales contracts at fixed prices,25, 167FOT. See free-on-truck (FOT) sharesFrance, 17–18b, 106, 161Francophone Africa. See West andCentral Africa, and specificFrancophone countriesfree-on-board (FOB) price, 66, 70,199–201tfree-on-truck (FOT) sharescompany cost efficiency and, 140–45,143t, 144f, 162cost reduction as priority, 176macroeconomic impact and, 147overall competitiveness and, 145–47,146fprices and pricing systems, 65,68–72, 70tFUPRO (Fédération des Unions deProducteurs du Bénin), 34Gabon, 17bgenetically modified (GM) cottonstrains, 12, 15, 169–70,206n12Gergely, Nicolas, 31, 65, 97, 139Germany, 207n37Ghana, xxvif, 48fginning industry efficiency, 171ginning outturn ratios (GORs), 111global cotton market. See internationalcotton marketGM (genetically modified) cottonstrains, 12, 15, 169–70, 206n12GORs (ginning outturn ratios), 111Gossypium barbadense, 22, 216n20Gossypium hirsutum (upland cotton),22governance of SSA cotton sectors,improving, 172–73Greece, 12GTZ, 207n37Guinea Bissau, 17bherbicides and pest controls, 106, 108,127, 128, 169, 209n73,211n90–91historical background and recentevolution of SSA cotton sectors,31–44in ESA, 38–44reform efforts, 34–38, 41–44in WCA, 31–38Huileries Cotonnières du Mali(HUICOMA), 99hybrid systems. See also Ugandacompany cost efficiency in, 140, 141t,145, 162coordination and competition in,46–49in decision tree of typologies, 46fdynamism in, 49overall competitiveness, 145, 146freturns to farmers, 133tway forward for, 179ICAC (International Cotton AdvisoryCouncil), 101, 107improving SSA cotton sectors. Seereform of SSA cotton sectors;way forward for SSA cottonsectorsindependent ginners, 24–26, 167Indiaas consumer of cotton, 14downstream industries, integrationof cotton sector with, 50bequipment imported from, 99, 140exchange rate, 18, 19fGM cotton in, 206n12production of cotton in, 12, 14productivity, 120, 170Indonesia, 14input credit and extensioncollaboration, regulatory approachfavoring or hindering,81–85in competitive market sectors,76–77, 81224 INDEX
in concentrated market systems,77–81, 79–81b, 85farmer associations, 74, 75, 76, 79,81, 85in local monopolies, 75–76, 81, 85in national monopolies, 74–75, 81performance across sector types,conclusions regarding, 81–85,82–84t, 156t, 160as performance indicator, 56–58,57–58tway forward with, 169, 179–80WCA, expansion of cottonproduction in, 73Institut de Recherches sur le Coton etles Textiles (IRCT), 32, 106instrument testing, 166International Cotton Advisory Council(ICAC), 101, 107international cotton marketoil and cake, 26–27productivity, 118–19, 118–20f,202–3tSSA cotton sectors in context of,xxx–xxxi, 11–14, 13tstrategies for marketing to, 24–26typology, global applicability of,50–51bInterprofessional committees (IPCs),36–38IRCT (Institut de Recherches sur leCoton et les Textiles), 32, 106Japan, 14Kazakhstan, 50bKorea, Republic of, 14Labaste, Patrick, 117, 153lint, defined, 21–24Lintco, 40, 42, 60b, 172local monopolies, 45, 175–77. See alsoBurkina Faso; Mozambiquecompany cost efficiency in, 140, 141t,142–45, 162coordination and competition in, 47in decision tree of typologies, 46fdynamism in, 174expected FOT shares, 65input credit and extension in, 75–76,81, 85international applicability oftypology, 50boverall competitiveness, 145, 146fperformance and structure of sector,link between, 58t, 154,160–61, 162predicted strengths and weaknesses,51–53, 52tquality control in, 87, 88–89t,92–93, 96returns to farmers, 133tsustainability, governance, andmanagement of, 172, 173way forward for, 175–77LOMACO, 109Lonhro, 41, 42, 109macroeconomic impact of cottonsector, 147–50, 148–49t, 150f,151t, 159tMaliCFA exchange rate, 17bcompany cost efficiency in, 141t,142f, 143f, 144, 162focus group discussions by farmertype, methodology for, 134,135, 136, 137historical background and recentevolution of cotton sector in,32–37inclusion in study, xxv, 6, 7finput credit and extension in,74–75, 82tmacroeconomic impact of cottonsector in, 147, 148–49t, 150f,151tmarketing of cotton from, 25oil and cake markets, 27t, 97, 98t, 99,101–3, 161overall competitiveness, 146f, 147, 163performance and structure of sector,link between, xxviii, 161,162, 163prices and pricing system in, 66,67t, 70tINDEX 225
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AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENTOr
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AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENTSe
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© 2009 The International Bank for
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Section II. Historical Background a
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BOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLESBoxes2.1
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5.2 Summary of Pricing Mechanisms i
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eference are limited to neighboring
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis study was carri
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ABBREVIATIONS¢ U.S. centACPAgricul
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US$U shWAEMUWCAWTOU.S. dollarUganda
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output markets, improving productiv
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etween these competing needs, provi
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■■■■■competition increase
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monopolies range from 0.98 to 1.15,
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macroeconomics, developments in com
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central body and that the state nee
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CHAPTER ONEIntroductionDavid Tschir
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The debate about how to deal with t
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Figure 1.1 Map of Africa Highlighti
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hypotheses about sector performance
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to reach 25 million tons of lint in
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cotton production was introduced in
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Figure 2.2 Nominal Cotton Prices (U
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Box 2.1 (Continued)Togo, 39 percent
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Box 2.2 Cotton SubsidiesCotton subs
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efers specifically to the presence
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picking, storage, handling, or tran
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national monopoly (state-owned or p
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SECTION TWOHistorical Background an
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shares belonging to governments, an
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Changes Made Since the End of the 1
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long-term development strategies, (
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possible link between price-setting
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production fell further, to lows of
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all aspects of the chain from input
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suggestions (a) of establishing fas
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Figure 4.1 Decision Tree for Cotton
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Figure 4.2 African Cotton Sector Ty
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Box 4.1 Is This Typology Specific t
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52Table 4.1 Trading Off: Strengths
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CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE LINKS BETW
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chosen in this book and the impact
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Table 4.3 Expected Performance alon
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Box 4.2 (Continued)Second, farmers
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SECTION THREEComparative Analysis:C
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PRICING MECHANISMS IN WCAPricing me
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efore planting, price risk in the s
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Table 5.3 Summary of Producer Share
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Finally, FOT price shares in WCA ro
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MALI AND CAMEROON: GOVERNMENT MONOP
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Significant in Mozambique, the comp
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Zimbabwe transitioned during the 19
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Box 6.1 (Continued)A move from a co
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82Table 6.1 Summary of Input Supply
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84Table 6.1 (Continued)IndicatorsCo
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CHAPTER SEVENQuality ControlGérald
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Tanzania Competitive 1 2 Very lax n
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Figure 7.1 Estimated Premium for To
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all fiber coming from Africa—are
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Box 7.1 (Continued)newly liberalize
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CHAPTER EIGHTValorization of SeedCo
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competitive market in some of the o
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a few years, it indicates that some
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should eventually make a difference
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CHAPTER NINECotton ResearchDuncan B
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With regard to human and financial
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■■■Be involved in setting res
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made royalty payments to CRI. When
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and to identify complementary inves
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CHAPTER TENYields and Returns toFar
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fact that 55 percent of cotton is p
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Yields by Farmer TypeTo assess perf
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Factors beyond company services als
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Table 10.1 Summary Crop Budgets by
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According to the focus group inform
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Figure 10.6 Net Margins after All C
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All other variables in the budgets
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Table 10.2Summary of Average Yield
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■■■■impression is given tha
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were based on a 2005 cotton farmer
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more recent data are not available
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Figure 11.1 Estimated Average Ginni
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to buy seed cotton immediately afte
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146Table 11.3 Overall Competitivene
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148Table 11.4 Total Value Added per
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Figure 11.3 Total Value Added per c
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CHAPTER TWELVEConclusionsPatrick La
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Table 12.1 Summary of Expected and
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Valorization ofby-productsValue of
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Macro impact■ Total value addedpe
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across concession zones, with newer
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high yields. However, a mixed pictu
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governance and regulatory structure
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against price and exchange rate ris
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Improvements in the Delivery of Ext
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esistant, “stacked” genes), and
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Page 215 and 216: were to occur, it would most likely
Page 217 and 218: APPENDIX AStatistical Tables181
Page 219 and 220: 1989/90 43 111 383 40.7 95 0.491990
Page 221 and 222: 1989/90 62 150 416 41.0 95 0.671990
Page 223 and 224: 1989/90 43 89 482 41.3 95 0.651990/
Page 225 and 226: 1989/90 99 189 521 42.8 85 0.541990
Page 227 and 228: 1997/98 31 327 95 33 to 35 2,950 83
Page 229 and 230: 1994/95 82 344 238 33 207.0 40.0119
Page 231 and 232: Table A8 ZambiaSeasonLint productio
Page 233 and 234: Table A9 ZimbabweSeasonLint product
Page 235 and 236: Table A10 Ginning and FOB-to-CIF Co
Page 237 and 238: 1997/98 1.64 598 210 75 49 74 7.619
Page 239: 1987/88 17,609 31,238 564 414 911 4
Page 242 and 243: 206 NOTES11. Important cotton secto
Page 244 and 245: 208 NOTES47. Benin is not included
Page 246 and 247: 210 NOTES79. In Zimbabwe and Zambia
Page 249 and 250: BIBLIOGRAPHYBadiane, Ousmane, Dhane
Page 251 and 252: and Instability, ed. A. Sarris and
Page 253: World Bank. 2007. Strategies for Co
Page 256 and 257: CFA exchange rate, 17-18b, 19fcompa
Page 258 and 259: input credit and extension in, 77-8
Page 262 and 263: productivity, 119, 121f, 205n8,209n
Page 264 and 265: key indicators, 56-58, 57-58t,155-5
Page 266 and 267: focus group discussions by farmerty
Page 268 and 269: technology transfer, 170-71by typol
Page 270: ECO-AUDITEnvironmental Benefits Sta
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