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Chaudhry, Rafiq. 2007. “Outlook for Cotton Production and Developments in ProductionResearch.” Paper presented at the UNCTAD/UNDP Workshop on Enhancing theCotton Value Chain in Africa through Trade and Investment, with a Special Emphasison Regional and South-South Cooperation. Bamako, Mali, December 11–12.Conseil Ouest et Centre Africain Pour La Recherche et le Développement Agricole(CORAF/WECARD). Undated. Evaluation des Unités Opérationelles duCORAF/WECARD. Rapport Final. Unpublished.Cotton Outlook. 2005. Cotlook’s GM Cotton Survey. Special Issue—The ICAC 64thPlenary Meeting. Liverpool, United Kingdom.Delgado, Christopher. 1999. “Sources of Growth in Smallholder Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Vertical Integration of Smallholders with Processors andMarketers of High Value-Added Items.” Agrekon 38: 165–89.Devarajan, S. 1999. “Estimates of Real Exchange Rate Misalignment with a SimpleGeneral-Equilibrium Model.” In Exchange Rate Misalignment: Concepts and Measurementsfor Developing Countries, ed. L. E. Hinkle and P. J. Montiel, 359–80.New York: Oxford University Press.Estur, G. 2008. “Quality and Marketing of African Cotton.” Background paper for ComparativeAnalysis of Organization and Performance of African Cotton Sectors:Learning from Reform Experience, World Bank, Washington, DC.European Commission. 2003. “Agricultural Reform Continued: Commission ProposesSustainable Agricultural Model for Europe’s Tobacco, Olive Oil and Cotton Sectors.”Press Release, European Commission, September 23, Brussels.FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2004. “Cotton:Impact of Support Policies in Developing Countries.” Trade Policy Technical NoteNo. 1. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/007/y5533e/y5533e01.pdf.FAO Statistics. Various reports.Gergely, N. 2004. “Analyse comparée des coûts de la filière coton au Burkina, au Mali etau Cameroun.” (Cost analysis of the cotton supply chain in Mali, Burkina Faso, andCameroon). Agence Française du Développement, Paris.———. 2005. “Etude d’un fonds de soutien et d’un fonds d’intervention au bénéfice dela filière coton au Burkina Faso.” (Study for a price support fund in Burkina Faso).Agence Française de Développement, Paris.———. 2008a. “Benin Cotton Study.” Background paper for Comparative Analysis ofOrganization and Performance of African Cotton Sectors: Learning from ReformExperience, World Bank, Washington, DC.———. 2008b. “Burkina Country Study.” Background paper for Comparative Analysisof Organization and Performance of African Cotton Sectors: Learning from ReformExperience, World Bank, Washington, DC.———. 2008c. “Cameroon Country Study.” Background paper for Comparative Analysisof Organization and Performance of African Cotton Sectors: Learning fromReform Experience, World Bank, Washington, DC.———. 2008d. “Mali Country Study.” Background paper for Comparative Analysis ofOrganization and Performance of African Cotton Sectors: Learning from ReformExperience, World Bank, Washington, DC.Gibbon, P. 1999. “Free Competition without Sustainable Development? Tanzanian CottonSector Liberalisation, 1994/95 to 1997/98.” Journal of Development Studies 36 (1):128–50.Gilbert, C. 2006. “Trends and Volatility in Agricultural Commodity Prices.” In AgriculturalCommodity Markets and Trade: New Approaches to Analyzing Market Structure214 BIBLIOGRAPHY
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AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENTOr
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AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENTSe
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© 2009 The International Bank for
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Section II. Historical Background a
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BOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLESBoxes2.1
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5.2 Summary of Pricing Mechanisms i
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eference are limited to neighboring
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis study was carri
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ABBREVIATIONS¢ U.S. centACPAgricul
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US$U shWAEMUWCAWTOU.S. dollarUganda
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output markets, improving productiv
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etween these competing needs, provi
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■■■■■competition increase
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monopolies range from 0.98 to 1.15,
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macroeconomics, developments in com
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central body and that the state nee
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CHAPTER ONEIntroductionDavid Tschir
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The debate about how to deal with t
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Figure 1.1 Map of Africa Highlighti
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hypotheses about sector performance
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to reach 25 million tons of lint in
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cotton production was introduced in
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Figure 2.2 Nominal Cotton Prices (U
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Box 2.1 (Continued)Togo, 39 percent
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Box 2.2 Cotton SubsidiesCotton subs
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efers specifically to the presence
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picking, storage, handling, or tran
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national monopoly (state-owned or p
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SECTION TWOHistorical Background an
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shares belonging to governments, an
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Changes Made Since the End of the 1
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long-term development strategies, (
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possible link between price-setting
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production fell further, to lows of
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all aspects of the chain from input
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suggestions (a) of establishing fas
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Figure 4.1 Decision Tree for Cotton
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Figure 4.2 African Cotton Sector Ty
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Box 4.1 Is This Typology Specific t
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52Table 4.1 Trading Off: Strengths
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CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE LINKS BETW
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chosen in this book and the impact
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Table 4.3 Expected Performance alon
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Box 4.2 (Continued)Second, farmers
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SECTION THREEComparative Analysis:C
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PRICING MECHANISMS IN WCAPricing me
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efore planting, price risk in the s
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Table 5.3 Summary of Producer Share
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Finally, FOT price shares in WCA ro
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MALI AND CAMEROON: GOVERNMENT MONOP
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Significant in Mozambique, the comp
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Zimbabwe transitioned during the 19
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Box 6.1 (Continued)A move from a co
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82Table 6.1 Summary of Input Supply
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84Table 6.1 (Continued)IndicatorsCo
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CHAPTER SEVENQuality ControlGérald
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Tanzania Competitive 1 2 Very lax n
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Figure 7.1 Estimated Premium for To
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all fiber coming from Africa—are
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Box 7.1 (Continued)newly liberalize
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CHAPTER EIGHTValorization of SeedCo
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competitive market in some of the o
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a few years, it indicates that some
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should eventually make a difference
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CHAPTER NINECotton ResearchDuncan B
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With regard to human and financial
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■■■Be involved in setting res
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made royalty payments to CRI. When
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and to identify complementary inves
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CHAPTER TENYields and Returns toFar
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fact that 55 percent of cotton is p
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Yields by Farmer TypeTo assess perf
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Factors beyond company services als
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Table 10.1 Summary Crop Budgets by
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According to the focus group inform
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Figure 10.6 Net Margins after All C
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All other variables in the budgets
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Table 10.2Summary of Average Yield
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■■■■impression is given tha
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were based on a 2005 cotton farmer
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more recent data are not available
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Figure 11.1 Estimated Average Ginni
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to buy seed cotton immediately afte
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146Table 11.3 Overall Competitivene
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148Table 11.4 Total Value Added per
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Figure 11.3 Total Value Added per c
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CHAPTER TWELVEConclusionsPatrick La
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Table 12.1 Summary of Expected and
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Valorization ofby-productsValue of
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Macro impact■ Total value addedpe
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across concession zones, with newer
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Page 203 and 204: against price and exchange rate ris
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Page 207 and 208: esistant, “stacked” genes), and
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Page 211 and 212: More-competitive systems are perhap
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Page 215 and 216: were to occur, it would most likely
Page 217 and 218: APPENDIX AStatistical Tables181
Page 219 and 220: 1989/90 43 111 383 40.7 95 0.491990
Page 221 and 222: 1989/90 62 150 416 41.0 95 0.671990
Page 223 and 224: 1989/90 43 89 482 41.3 95 0.651990/
Page 225 and 226: 1989/90 99 189 521 42.8 85 0.541990
Page 227 and 228: 1997/98 31 327 95 33 to 35 2,950 83
Page 229 and 230: 1994/95 82 344 238 33 207.0 40.0119
Page 231 and 232: Table A8 ZambiaSeasonLint productio
Page 233 and 234: Table A9 ZimbabweSeasonLint product
Page 235 and 236: Table A10 Ginning and FOB-to-CIF Co
Page 237 and 238: 1997/98 1.64 598 210 75 49 74 7.619
Page 239: 1987/88 17,609 31,238 564 414 911 4
Page 242 and 243: 206 NOTES11. Important cotton secto
Page 244 and 245: 208 NOTES47. Benin is not included
Page 246 and 247: 210 NOTES79. In Zimbabwe and Zambia
Page 249: BIBLIOGRAPHYBadiane, Ousmane, Dhane
Page 253: World Bank. 2007. Strategies for Co
Page 256 and 257: CFA exchange rate, 17-18b, 19fcompa
Page 258 and 259: input credit and extension in, 77-8
Page 260 and 261: firm types, 211n93fixed prices, for
Page 262 and 263: productivity, 119, 121f, 205n8,209n
Page 264 and 265: key indicators, 56-58, 57-58t,155-5
Page 266 and 267: focus group discussions by farmerty
Page 268 and 269: technology transfer, 170-71by typol
Page 270: ECO-AUDITEnvironmental Benefits Sta
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