Organization and Performance of Cotton Sectors in Africa ... - infoDev

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2.3 Real Exchange Rate for India, China, and Burkina Faso against theU.S. Dollar, Adjusted by the Consumer Price Indices, 2001–07(January 2002 = 1.0) 194.1 Decision Tree for Cotton Sector Typology 464.2 African Cotton Sector Typology 484.3 Linking Cotton Sector Organization and Performance 557.1 Estimated Premium for Top Type of Lint during 2006/07, by Country 917.2 Estimated Premium Weighted Average Basis, - by Country, U.S.cents/lb 9210.1 Cotton Yield Trends in World, WCA, and ESA (1970–2008) 11810.2 Average Worldwide Yields of Irrigated and Rainfed Cotton 11910.3 Average Yields of Rainfed Cotton in ESA Countries, WCA, and World,1994/95–2003/04 12010.4 Variation in Yields across Farmer Groups 12110.5 Proportion of Cotton Farmers by Farmer Group 12310.6 Net Margins after All Costs (including Labor), US$/kg 12910.7 Weighted Average Returns to Family Labor and All Labor inStudy Countries 13011.1 Estimated Average Ginning Costs at 2006 Capacity UtilizationRates in Study Countries 14211.2 Company Performance Indicator: Adjusted Total Cost, Farm Gate to FOT2006/07 14411.3 Total Value Added per capita by Cotton Sector, 2006/07 150Tables2.1 Global Balance of the Cotton Market (thousand metric tons) 132.2 Fiber Properties of the Cotlook A Index, Typical African Upland Cotton,and Top Quality Lint for Combed Yarns 232.3 Summary of Indicators of Valorization of By-Products 274.1 Trading Off: Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Sectoral Types 524.2 Key Indicators of Cotton Sector Performance 574.3 Expected Performance along Key Indicators 585.1 Summary of Pricing Mechanisms in WCA Countries, 2006 67xBOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLES
5.2 Summary of Pricing Mechanisms in ESA Countries, 2006 695.3 Summary of Producer Shares of FOT Lint Price (percent) 706.1 Summary of Input Supply and Extension Systems 827.1 Summary Information on Quality Control Mechanisms and Results inStudy Countries 888.1 Cotton Seed Production and Processing in Study Countries 989.1 Number of Varietal Releases in Study Countries 10810.1 Summary Crop Budgets by Farmer Type and Country 12410.2 Summary of Average Yield and Return per Day of Labor 13311.1 Comparative Analysis of Ginning Costs (U.S. ¢ per kgof lint cotton) 14111.2 Company Performance Indicator: Adjusted Costs, FarmGate to FOT (U.S.¢ per kg of lint) 14311.3 Overall Competitiveness Indicator: FOT Costs/FOT Revenue,2006/07 (all costs and revenues in U.S.$/kg lint) 14611.4 Total Value Added per Capita from Cotton Sector, 2006 14811.5 Net per Capita Budgetary Contribution of Cotton Sector, 2006 15112.1 Summary of Expected and Realized Performance acrossKey Indicators 155A1 Benin 182A2 Burkina Faso 184A3 Cameroon 186A4 Mali 188A5 Mozambique 190A6 Tanzania 192A7 Uganda 194A8 Zambia 195A9 Zimbabwe 197A10 Ginning and FOB-to-CIF Costs, All WCA Countries, 1970–2006(nominal terms) 199A11Cotton Production, Area, and Yields, World and All WCA Countries,1970–2006 202BOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLESxi
Page 1: AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENTOr
Page 4 and 5: AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENTSe
Page 6 and 7: © 2009 The International Bank for
Page 8 and 9: Section II. Historical Background a
Page 11: BOXES, FIGURES, AND TABLESBoxes2.1
Page 16 and 17: eference are limited to neighboring
Page 19 and 20: ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis study was carri
Page 21 and 22: ABBREVIATIONS¢ U.S. centACPAgricul
Page 23: US$U shWAEMUWCAWTOU.S. dollarUganda
Page 26 and 27: output markets, improving productiv
Page 28 and 29: etween these competing needs, provi
Page 30 and 31: ■■■■■competition increase
Page 32 and 33: monopolies range from 0.98 to 1.15,
Page 34 and 35: macroeconomics, developments in com
Page 36 and 37: central body and that the state nee
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER ONEIntroductionDavid Tschir
Page 41 and 42: The debate about how to deal with t
Page 43 and 44: Figure 1.1 Map of Africa Highlighti
Page 45: hypotheses about sector performance
Page 48 and 49: to reach 25 million tons of lint in
Page 50 and 51: cotton production was introduced in
Page 52 and 53: Figure 2.2 Nominal Cotton Prices (U
Page 54 and 55: Box 2.1 (Continued)Togo, 39 percent
Page 56 and 57: Box 2.2 Cotton SubsidiesCotton subs
Page 58 and 59: efers specifically to the presence
Page 60 and 61: picking, storage, handling, or tran
Page 62 and 63:
national monopoly (state-owned or p
Page 65:
SECTION TWOHistorical Background an
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shares belonging to governments, an
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Changes Made Since the End of the 1
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long-term development strategies, (
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possible link between price-setting
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production fell further, to lows of
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all aspects of the chain from input
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suggestions (a) of establishing fas
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Figure 4.1 Decision Tree for Cotton
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Figure 4.2 African Cotton Sector Ty
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Box 4.1 Is This Typology Specific t
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52Table 4.1 Trading Off: Strengths
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CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE LINKS BETW
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chosen in this book and the impact
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Table 4.3 Expected Performance alon
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Box 4.2 (Continued)Second, farmers
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SECTION THREEComparative Analysis:C
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PRICING MECHANISMS IN WCAPricing me
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efore planting, price risk in the s
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Table 5.3 Summary of Producer Share
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Finally, FOT price shares in WCA ro
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MALI AND CAMEROON: GOVERNMENT MONOP
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Significant in Mozambique, the comp
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Zimbabwe transitioned during the 19
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Box 6.1 (Continued)A move from a co
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82Table 6.1 Summary of Input Supply
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84Table 6.1 (Continued)IndicatorsCo
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CHAPTER SEVENQuality ControlGérald
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Tanzania Competitive 1 2 Very lax n
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Figure 7.1 Estimated Premium for To
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all fiber coming from Africa—are
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Box 7.1 (Continued)newly liberalize
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CHAPTER EIGHTValorization of SeedCo
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competitive market in some of the o
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a few years, it indicates that some
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should eventually make a difference
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CHAPTER NINECotton ResearchDuncan B
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With regard to human and financial
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■■■Be involved in setting res
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made royalty payments to CRI. When
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and to identify complementary inves
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CHAPTER TENYields and Returns toFar
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fact that 55 percent of cotton is p
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Yields by Farmer TypeTo assess perf
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Factors beyond company services als
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Table 10.1 Summary Crop Budgets by
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According to the focus group inform
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Figure 10.6 Net Margins after All C
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All other variables in the budgets
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Table 10.2Summary of Average Yield
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■■■■impression is given tha
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were based on a 2005 cotton farmer
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more recent data are not available
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Figure 11.1 Estimated Average Ginni
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to buy seed cotton immediately afte
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146Table 11.3 Overall Competitivene
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148Table 11.4 Total Value Added per
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Figure 11.3 Total Value Added per c
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CHAPTER TWELVEConclusionsPatrick La
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Table 12.1 Summary of Expected and
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Valorization ofby-productsValue of
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Macro impact■ Total value addedpe
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across concession zones, with newer
Page 199 and 200:
high yields. However, a mixed pictu
Page 201 and 202:
governance and regulatory structure
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against price and exchange rate ris
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Improvements in the Delivery of Ext
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esistant, “stacked” genes), and
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Just as improved sector management
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More-competitive systems are perhap
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■■■■Interprofessional commi
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were to occur, it would most likely
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APPENDIX AStatistical Tables181
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1989/90 43 111 383 40.7 95 0.491990
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1989/90 62 150 416 41.0 95 0.671990
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1989/90 43 89 482 41.3 95 0.651990/
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1989/90 99 189 521 42.8 85 0.541990
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1997/98 31 327 95 33 to 35 2,950 83
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1994/95 82 344 238 33 207.0 40.0119
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Table A8 ZambiaSeasonLint productio
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Table A9 ZimbabweSeasonLint product
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Table A10 Ginning and FOB-to-CIF Co
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1997/98 1.64 598 210 75 49 74 7.619
Page 239:
1987/88 17,609 31,238 564 414 911 4
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206 NOTES11. Important cotton secto
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208 NOTES47. Benin is not included
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210 NOTES79. In Zimbabwe and Zambia
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BIBLIOGRAPHYBadiane, Ousmane, Dhane
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and Instability, ed. A. Sarris and
Page 253:
World Bank. 2007. Strategies for Co
Page 256 and 257:
CFA exchange rate, 17-18b, 19fcompa
Page 258 and 259:
input credit and extension in, 77-8
Page 260 and 261:
firm types, 211n93fixed prices, for
Page 262 and 263:
productivity, 119, 121f, 205n8,209n
Page 264 and 265:
key indicators, 56-58, 57-58t,155-5
Page 266 and 267:
focus group discussions by farmerty
Page 268 and 269:
technology transfer, 170-71by typol
Page 270:
ECO-AUDITEnvironmental Benefits Sta
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