Perceptions of CO2 Report - Global CCS Institute

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7.2 Quantitative resultsThe following sections describe the results of the quantitative survey study conducted with 2,470respondents across Australia, Japan and the Netherlands. These sections compare values andbeliefs on the environment and energy issues across countries, and examine perceptions of CO 2 ,perceptions of CCS, and opinions on the implementation of CCS (alternatively referred to as “CCSacceptance”). In considering these results, it is important to remember that the Australian surveypanel was slightly more educated than the general public, although an additional statistical test hasshown that this did not affect the results. Additional selected tables and interpretative text arepresented in Appendix F.7.2.1 VALUES AND BELIEFSRespondents’ values and beliefs on environment and energy issues were assessed at thebeginning of the survey. Respondents were asked to indicate the extent to which they agreed witha series of opinions on the importance of addressing climate change; promoting renewable energy;addressing fossil fuel depletion; accepting risks associated with new technologies; and increasingtaxes to address climate change. Overall, respondents were moderately concerned about climatechange and energy issues (see Figure 3); however, there were significant differences amongcountries, and these differences are expanded on in the bullet points below.Figure 3: Opinions from all participants about energy and environmental issues• Respondents were first asked whether they agreed with the statement “I am convinced climatechange is happening.” The majority of respondents in each country were at least somewhatconvinced, but strength of agreement varied significantly across countries. Belief in climatechange was significantly greater in Japan, with 70% of respondents convinced that climatechange is happening (m = 4.49, SD = 0.95). Respondents in the Netherlands were much lessconvinced (m = 3.58, SD = 0.98). Only 15.9% answered I agree and almost a third (29.2%)neither agreed nor disagreed. In Australia, over one third of respondents (35.4%) wereconvinced climate change is happening; yet Australia also had the highest frequency ofrespondents who were unconvinced (9.4%).20 | Understanding how individuals perceive carbon dioxide
• Respondents’ belief in climate change correlated strongly with views that action should be takenon it, with r = .73 (p < .001). Overall, most respondents believed immediate action should betaken to address climate change. Respondents in Japan agreed most strongly with takingimmediate action (62.6%), compared to 33.9% in Australia and 19.7% in the Netherlands.Levels of uncertainty were highest in the Netherlands (30.5%). The frequency of those who didnot agree that something should be done about climate change was highest in Australia (9.5%).• When asked whether they agreed that “We should promote the use of renewable energy assoon as possible”, the majority of respondents supported this statement. However, the numberof respondents agreeing most strongly was significantly higher in Japan (70.4%) than inAustralia (47%) and the Netherlands (35.7%). Out of all the opinions presented to respondents,they most frequently agreed on the need for promoting renewable energy. In total, only 11.4%of respondents answered that they did not know whether renewable energy should be promotedas soon as possible.• Respondents were moderately concerned that fossil fuels will run out (m = 3.67, SD = 1.15).The frequency of those who agreed most strongly with the statement “I am worried about fossilfuels running out” was highest in Japan (47.5%), representing over twice that of Australia(20.6%) and the Netherlands (16.3%).• Willingness to accept some risks in relation to new technologies was generally similar acrossJapan (m = 3.62, SD = 1.19), Australia (m = 3.66, SD = 1.07) and the Netherlands (m = 3.52,0.96). In Japan, almost one third of respondents (30.8%) thought it is important to accept somerisks with new technologies, while over a third (35.8%) were uncertain. The majority ofrespondents in Australia and the Netherlands were somewhat in agreement that it is importantto accept some risks.• Willingness to pay additional taxes to address climate change was similar across Australia (m =3.45, SD = 1.33), Japan (m = 3.26, SD = 1.34), and the Netherlands (m = 3.35, SD1.14).Compared to the previous questions, a greater variety of opinions existed regarding a taxincrease. Results show that although Japanese respondents had a greater tendency to viewclimate change as an immediate issue, they were not more willing to pay more to address it. Ofall the countries, respondents in Australia most frequently stated that they would refuse to paymore tax to address climate change (31%). A negative and significant, but low (r = -.20, p
Page 2 and 3: Enquiries should be addressed to:Dr
Page 4 and 5: Part V Conclusion and Recommendatio
Page 6 and 7: TablesTable 1: Combination of infor
Page 8 and 9: Executive summaryCarbon dioxide cap
Page 10 and 11: Recommendations derived from this w
Page 12 and 13: 1 IntroductionClimate change has of
Page 14 and 15: 2.2 Perceptions of CO 2Very little
Page 16 and 17: • perceptions about the nature an
Page 18 and 19: 3 OverviewThis research project’s
Page 20 and 21: 5 Internet surveyFindings from the
Page 22 and 23: Respondents were provided with eith
Page 24 and 25: 6 Administration of the survey6.1 T
Page 26 and 27: Part III Results16 | Understanding
Page 28 and 29: 7.1.2 KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTIONS OF
Page 32 and 33: PropertiesKnowledge about CO 2 ’s
Page 34 and 35: UsesRespondents were asked about th
Page 36 and 37: 7.2.3 PERCEPTIONS OF CO 2First asse
Page 38 and 39: 7.2.4 AWARENESS AND PERCEPTIONS OF
Page 40 and 41: First assessmentError! Reference so
Page 42 and 43: Second assessmentPerceptions were a
Page 44 and 45: formed their opinion using the CCS
Page 46 and 47: Table 18, Appendix F. Furthermore,
Page 48 and 49: DF DF DFInfoACO 2characteristicsInf
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Page 52 and 53: 8 DiscussionThis international rese
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Page 58 and 59: Part V Conclusion andRecommendation
Page 60 and 61: 9.2 Recommendations9.2.1 NEED FOR E
Page 62 and 63: Part VI Appendices andReferences52
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Page 68 and 69: Q5Q6Q7Q8Q9AQuestion statementsHere
Page 70 and 71: BCQuestion statementsPlease read th
Page 72 and 73: Q13Q14Q15Question statementsNext yo
Page 74 and 75: Appendix D Participant Demographics
Page 76 and 77: Appendix E Selected Qualitative Res
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Univ_dmy - - - - -Female_dmy - - -
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The table above shows the compariso
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Set B: CCS impressionTable 12: Regr
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•Extra CO 2 is put in the air in
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a50s_dmyO60s_dmyCsea_dmyAdjusted R-
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ionCCSawarenessCO 2Clean1CO 2Useful
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Table 14: ANOVA (three factors) for
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Table 16: Regression analysis on in
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CO 2relatedactivityInformationgathe
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CO 2 relatedactivityInformationgath
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Table 18: ANOVA (four factors) for
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Table 20: Regression analysis on in
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gathering topics Environment - - -0
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Creswell, J. W. (2002). Research de
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Shackley, S., Gough, C., & McLachla
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