<strong>Identification</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> <strong>in</strong> a <strong>western</strong> <strong>European</strong> <strong>context</strong>1 2 34567 8 9FIGURE 2Variation <strong>in</strong> rump and tail pattern <strong>of</strong> second-w<strong>in</strong>ter <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse ZilvermeeuwLarus smithsonianus (Pat Lonergan & Killian Mullarney). Note that tail can be as extensively dark as <strong>in</strong> manyfirst-w<strong>in</strong>ters.59 <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse Zilvermeeuw Larus smithsonianus, third-w<strong>in</strong>ter, Boston, Massachusetts,USA, January 2001 (Pat Lonergan). Note solid mark<strong>in</strong>gs on tertials and extensive black <strong>in</strong> tail.60 <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse Zilvermeeuw Larus smithsonianus, third-w<strong>in</strong>ter, Boston, Massachusetts,USA, January 2001 (Pat Lonergan). Similar to bird <strong>in</strong> plate 59. Note solid mark<strong>in</strong>gs on tertials, extensive black <strong>in</strong>tail and partially concealed discrete black spot on secondaries.61 <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse Zilvermeeuw Larus smithsonianus, third-w<strong>in</strong>ter, Boston, Massachusetts,USA, January 2001 (Pat Lonergan). Note dark patch on one tertial and extensive dark <strong>in</strong> tail.62 <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse Zilvermeeuw Larus smithsonianus, third-w<strong>in</strong>ter, Boston, Massachusetts,USA, February 1999 (Killian Mullarney). Note very extensive and dist<strong>in</strong>ct blackish tertial-mark<strong>in</strong>gs.63 <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse Zilvermeeuw Larus smithsonianus, third-w<strong>in</strong>ter, Boston, Massachusetts,USA, January 2001 (Pat Lonergan)64 <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse Zilvermeeuw Larus smithsonianus, third-w<strong>in</strong>ter, Long Island, New York,USA, January 1992 (Pat Lonergan). Note rather dull greenish-coloured bill-base and discrete black spots onsecondaries.65 <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse Zilvermeeuw Larus smithsonianus, third-w<strong>in</strong>ter, Boston, Massachusetts,USA, February 1999 (Killian Mullarney). Note extensive, solid blackish-brown <strong>in</strong> tertials, with no vermiculation.66 <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> / Amerikaanse Zilvermeeuw Larus smithsonianus, third-w<strong>in</strong>ter, Boston, Massachusetts,USA, February 1999 (Killian Mullarney)22
<strong>Identification</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>American</strong> <strong>Herr<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Gull</strong> <strong>in</strong> a <strong>western</strong> <strong>European</strong> <strong>context</strong>59606162636465 6623