Pekkton - Cendres Métaux

+ Tried and tested high-tech materialin aviation – the future of dentistry.Pekkton ® .Dental

High-performance polymer PEKK: the material of the future.PEKK paekPEEKPPSPAIPESPEILCPPOMPCPAHigh-performance PolymersEngineering PolymersOOPoly – Ether – Ether – Ketone (PEEK)OOOCCPoly – Ether – Ketone – Ketone (PEKK)nOCnAmorphousPMMACrystallineCommodity PolymersPEKK stands at the apex of the quality pyramid of the PAEK family and has bothamorphous and crystalline molecular structures.From the PAEK family, PEEK and PEKK have so far established themselves. PEKK,in contrast to PEEK, has two stabilizing ketones in the chain.Materials made from high-performance polymers are used whereverthe highest demands are made of materials: automotive industry,aerospace, semiconductor technology and medical technology.Outstanding properties also make high-performance polymers idealfor dentistry. In this area a large proportion of the products arebased on the processing of thermosets. The disadvantages of theseproducts are numerous and have been well known for many years.Furthermore, thermoplastics have been used in den tistry for a goodfifty years. A new chapter is now being written with the introductionof materials that have excellent properties for a diversity ofapplications. Cendres+Métaux is exploring new paths withPekkton ® *, the top product among thermoplastics.The family: PAEKPEEK, PEKK – these terms are both numerous and confusing, butthese materials all have one thing in common: they belong to thefamily of poly aryl ether ketones, known as PAEK for short. PAEKare high-performance thermoplastics which, thanks to a widetemperature range, have high strength, rigidity and resistance tohydrolysis and are suitable for extremely demanding conditions.The best-known family member: PEEKIn recent years, poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) has become synonymouswith top-class high-performance polymers. PEEK enjoyswidespread acceptance in medicine and is well established inseveral specialisms.The latest generation: PEKKNot just theory, but practical studies prove the advantages ofpoly ether ketone ketone (PEKK) in dentistry. Unlike PEEK, PEKKdisplays both amorphous and crystalline material properties.This makes PEKK particularly interesting. Thanks to its uniquemechanical, physical and chemical properties, PEKK lends itselfto a broader range of uses than PEEK:– up to 80% higher compressive strength than PEEK materials,– wider processing window of parameters than PEEK.When thermoplastics are processed, it is only the form and not thechemical property that is altered. A crucial advantage! The materialalso does not display any porosity or monomers.The material PEKK is the peak of quality among thermoplastics.* Pekkton ® based on OXPEKK ® from OPM, Oxford Performance Materials, Inc.,Enfield, USA

Exclusive from Cendres + Métaux: Pekkton ® .Typical non-precious metalplusPekkton ®Cortical boneHuman dentinTypical non-precious metalplusPekkton ®Cortical boneHuman dentinEnamel0 2 4 6 8 10Density (g/cm 3 )0 250 500 750 //2000Compressive strength (MPa)The density of Pekkton ® plus matches that of human bone and dentin.Pekkton ® is comparable to human dentin in terms of compressive strength andbehaves less invasive than non-precious metal.Cendres+Métaux has acknowledged the growing interest fromhuman medicine and dentistry in high-performance polymers andis expanding its existing product range exclusively with Pekkton ® .As the name suggests, Pekkton ® is made on a PEKK basis. It hasa number of outstanding properties.The ideal material for human medicine and dentistry«The structure and composition of teeth is perfectly adapted to thefunctional demands of the mouth and are superior to those of anyartificial material. Therefore, first of all, do no harm.»*Mimicking nature is the future trend for medical products. Metals,even if they are biocompatible, do not fulfill this claim. For instance,bone modulus matching may be important in applications wherestress shielding should be minimized. By contrast, polymer-basedproducts are increasingly acknowledged as better alternatives tostiff, rigid metal solutions. Hence the extensive profile of materialproperties of Pekkton ® naturally makes it ideal for differentapplications in the dental field.The natural high strength and low modulus of Pekkton ® productsmay be increased by the addition of fillers. Stress-demandingap pli cations are then made possible as the properties of humantissues are mimicked. Stiffness, for instance, can be tailored tohuman hard tissues through the selection of fillers, their concentrationand the processing technique of the resulting composite recipe.* Kishen A. Mechanisms and risk factors for fracture prediction in endodonticallytreated teeth. Endodontic Topics, 2006; 13(1):57– 83.Other important characteristics are:– high tensile, fatigue and flexural strength,– ideal dimensional stability,– excellent wear and abrasion resistance,– compatibility with all current sterilization methods,– as well as radiotransparency.The base material OXPEKK ® passed the biocompatibility test over aperiod of 52 weeks according to ISO 10993 and is licensed by theFDA, the US regulatory authority. The biocompatibility of Pekkton ®in accordance with Class USP VI was confirmed by BSL BioserviceScientific Laboratories GmbH in Munich.Amorphous or crystalline: variable processing window– In the amorphous form the macromolecules of Pekkton ® areentangled, similar to a disorganised ball of thread. Amorphouspolymer has a certain elasticity.– In the crystalline form the macromolecules of Pekkton ® com priselinear carbon chains which are unbranched or show minimalbranching. They are joined together by weak physical bonds.These bonding forces are more effective when the carbon chainsare arranged in parallel. The crystalline material is chemicallymore resistant and stiffer.During processing, the difference is evident in melting behaviour:during cooling, the amorphous material undergoes markedly lesscontraction than the crystalline form.

Pekkton ® – a solution with a system.HighTypical non-precious metalplusPekkton ®Cortical boneHuman dentinPekkton ® flex:(e.g. frameworks)Pekkton ® :(e.g. definitive crowns,temporary bridges)Pekkton ® plus:(e.g. definitive bridges)ProcessabilityPekkton ® flexPekkton ®Pekkton ® plus0 50 100 150 200 250 LimitedAdvancedElastic modulus (GPa)ApplicationThe stiffness of Pekkton ® plus is almost identical to that of human dentin. – High processability: good flowability, wide range of processing parameters– Limited processability: limited flowability, focused processing window.Pekkton ® should not be regarded as a simple material but asa system solution. The material PEKK can easily be compoundedand therefore can also be used with proportions of fibreglassor carbon fibre. This further increases its mechanical properties.Pekkton ® can then be used in dentistry for:– crowns,– bridges,– model casting,– inserts,– abutments and– solutions for implants.Pekkton ® materials can be utilized for temporary restorations butalso for permanent solutions. They can be processed simply andreliably by conventional methods. The most common productsused in human medicine and dentistry are produced by injectionmolding, compression molding or milling.The future today: CAD/CAM fabricationOne thing is certain: the importance of CAD/CAM fabrication indentistry will continue to grow in future. Pekkton ® is perfectlysuited to computer-aided fabrication. As an inexpensive materialthat can be processed in a variety of ways, Pekkton ® materialsoffer the possibility of using innovative treatment concepts. For thebenefit of patients, dentists and dental technicians.Studies and referencesA number of in-house and external scientific studies prove theideal properties of Pekkton ® .1 Mechanische Konditionierung von Oberflächen in Abhängigkeitverschiedener Parameter. Universität Kiel,Direktor Prof. Dr. M. Kern, Projektbetreuung: Dr. M. Steiner.(Publication in preparation)2 Verbundfestigkeit von etablierten Verbundsystemen zuPekkton ® . Universität Kiel, Direktor Prof. Dr. M. Kern,Projektbetreuung: Dr. M. Steiner. (Publication in preparation)3 Retentionskräfte und Ermüdungsverhalten von Klammern ausverschiedenen thermoplastischen Kunststoffen. Universität Kiel,Direktor Prof. Dr. M. Kern, Projektbetreuung: Dr. M. Steiner.(Publication in preparation)4 Bestimmung der statischen Bruchlast und Dauertests vonComposite-Brücken. EMPA, Swiss Federal Lab. for MaterialTesting and Research, Projektleiter: Dipl.-Ing. (FH) S. Valet.(Publication in preparation)Further tests are constantly being added to the list of studies.Please contact us. We will be happy to provide detailed informationand documentation.

Dr. Thierry CopponnexExample of spinal implants: high-performance polymers made of PEKK are alreadybeing used in human medicine nowadays.In the last century, metals were the material for a lot of high-techproducts. Now plastics are increasingly being used in varioussectors of industry, such as the automotive and aerospacein dustries and even the sports and leisure industry. Medicaltechnology has also discovered high-performance polymers. Thereason is that they often have comparable properties to metalsbut they also prove extremely adaptable and versatile.In medical technology, physical and mechanical properties arerequired that resemble those of the human body as closely aspossible. However, impressive biocompatibility alone is not enough.In dentistry, aesthetic properties are extremely important as well.High-performance polymers are clearly the way forward: flexibilityof use, resistance, dimensional stability, toughness and abrasionresistance are just a few of their attributes. In dentistry theycomplement both precious metals and ceramic materials.Cendres+Métaux is convinced of the advantages of non-metallicmaterials and is therefore expanding its existing range of solutionsand materials. In so doing, we are not focusing on some arbitraryproduct but, with Pekkton ® , we are exclusively presenting to youthe pinnacle of thermoplastic high-performance polymers.The name of Cendres+Métaux stands for compounds made fromvaluable materials. The future belongs to compounds that aregetting more and more similar to humans. Humans like yourself.Dr. Thierry CopponnexDirector of Development, Member of the Executive Board

Cendres+Métaux SARue de Boujean 122CH-2501 Biel/BiennePhone +41 58 360 20 00Fax +41 58 360 20 11info@cmsa.chwww.pekkton.com03.2011