ProQuest Dissertations - Historia Antigua

contact with Magna Graecia or increased use of Luna marble after M. Aemilius Lepidusconquered the Ligurians and founded the colony at the port of Luna.While this new model of cultural interaction attempts to acknowledge the impactof local culture not only on the colonists, but also on Rome, it still neglects landscape asone of the factors in the development of colonial and local culture. Sluyter insertslandscape into the equation in his analysis of the colonial situation on the Gulf Coast nearnoVeracruz. 89In his categorization of landscape, Sluyter includes not only materialresources such as soil, plants, animals, minerals, and water, but also the control overspace and territory, ranging from control over material resources to control overcommercial nodes, transport corridors, and labor resources. Thus, the landscape is boththe object of control and the medium through which the struggle for control plays out.As such, landscape affected both the native and European elements in the colonization ofthe Americas. 91Sluyter nuances the model further through refinement of the relationships betweenthe elements of the triangle: native, European, and landscape. He recognizes that theprocesses relating the three elements are "both material and conceptual because peopletransform landscape through processes of labor and categorization, and the resultinglandscape patterns influence the habits of practice awe? thought that structure suchFor the influence of cultural contact with the Greeks in Southern Italy on the Roman cult of Concordia,see Curti (2000). For Luna see Rossignani (1995).89 Sluyter (2002) adapts Hulme's (1992) colonial triangle of European, native, and land in order toencompass not only the physical but also the conceptual aspects of the landscape.90 Sluyter (2002), p. 10.91 See Sluyter (2002), p. 10, fig. 1.2, based on Hulme (1992) and reproduced from Sluyter (1999). Sluyterpresents a modified colonial triangle depicting the elements and relationships involved in coloniallandscape transformation in the Americas. The nodes Sluyter uses in the triangle are European, Native, andLandscape.24