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ex Gallia legatos Placentinorum et Cremonensium L. Aurunculeius praetor insenatum introduxit. Us querentibus inopiam colonorum, aliis belli casibus, aliismorbo absumptis, quosdam taedio accolarum Gallorum reliquisse colonias,decreuit senatus, uti C. Laelius consul, si ei uideretur, sex milia familiarumconscriberet, quae in eas colonias diuiderentur, et ut L. Aurunculeius praetortriumuiros crearet ad eos colonos deducendos. creati M. Atilius Serranus L.Ualerius P.f. Flaccus L. Ualerius C.f. Tappo. Haud ita multopost, cum iamconsularium comitiorum appeteret tempus, C. Laelius consul ex Gallia Romamrediit. is non solum ex facto absente se senatus consulto in supplementumCremonae et Placentiae colonos scripsit, sed, ut nouae coloniae duae in agrum,qui Boiorum fuisset, deducerentur, et rettulit et auctore eopatres censuerunt.Livy 37.46.9-47.2A deputation arrived from Placentia and Cremona in Gaul, and were introduced tothe senate by L. Aurunculeius. They complained of the scarcity of men; some hadbeen carried off by the casualties of war, others by illness, and some had leftowing to the annoyance from the Gauls in their neighborhood. The senate decreedthat the consul C. Laelius should, if he approved, draw up a list of 6000 familiesto be distributed between the two colonies, and L. Aurunculeius was to nominatethe commissioners for settling the new colonists. Those nominated were M.Atilius Serranus, L. Valerius, P. F. Flaccus, L. Valerius and C. F. Tappo. [37.47]Not long afterwards, as the date of the consular elections was approaching, theconsul C. Laelius returned from Gaul. In pursuance of the decree which the senatehad made before his arrival, he enrolled colonists to reinforce the population ofCremona and Placentia, and he also brought forward a proposal which the senateadopted for founding two new colonies on land which had belonged to the Boii.(Trans. Roberts)eodem anno ante diem tertium Kal. Ianuarias Bononiam Latinam coloniam exsenatus consulto L. Ualerius Flaccus M. Atilius Serranus L. Ualerius Tappotriumuiri deduxerunt. tria milia hominum sunt deducta; equitibus septuagenaiugera, ceteris colonis quinquagena sunt data, ager captus de Gallis Boisfuerat;Galli Tuscos expulerant. Livy 37.57.7-8On December 13th of this year the colony of Bononia was founded in pursuanceof a senatorial decree, the three commissioners being L. Valerius Flaccus, M.Atilius Serranus and L. Valerius Tappo. The colonists numbered 3000; the equitesreceived each seventy iugera, the other settlers fifty. The land had been takenfrom the Boii who had themselves formerly expelled the Etruscans from it.(Trans. Roberts)Sipontum and Buxentum (suppl): (Livy 39.23.3-4)extremo anni, quia Sp. Postumius consul renuntiauerat peragrantem se propterquaestiones utrumque litus Italiae desertas colonias Sipontum supero, Buxentuminfero mari inuenisse, triumuiri ad colonos eo scribendos ex senatus consulto ab259
T. Maenio praetore urbano creati sunt L. Scribonius Libo M. Tuccius Cn. BaebiusTamphilus. Livy 39.23.3-4S. Postumius had reported that whilst engaged on his enquiries he had traversedboth coasts of Italy, and had found two deserted colonies, Sipontum on theAdriatic and Buxentum on the Mediterranean. Three commissioners wereappointed by the City praetor to enroll colonists for these places, namely, L.Scribonius Libo, M. Tuccius and Cn. Baebius Tamphilus. (Trans. Roberts)Cales: {CIL I 2 .l p200 = Inscr. ltd. 13.3.70a)[P. Claudius Ap. f. P. n. Pulcher colonojs adscripsit Cales; co(n)s(ul) cum [L.Porcio; Jllvijr coloniam deduxit Graviscam. CIL I 2 .l p200 = Inscr. Ital. 13.3.70aP. Claudius Pulcher, son of Appius, grandson of Publius enrolled colonists forCales; consul with L. Porcius; commissioners to lead out the colony of Graviscae.(Trans. Coles)Potentia and Pisaurum: (Livy 39.44.10, Cic. Brut. 79)eodem anno coloniae duae, Potentia in Picenum, Pisaurum in Gallicum agrum,deductae sunt, sena iugera in singulos data, diuiserunt agrum coloniasquededuxerunt iidem tresuiri, Q. Fabius Labeo, et M. et Q. Fuluii Flaccus etNobilior. Livy 39.44.10Two colonies were founded this year, one at Potentia in the Picene district, theother at Pisaurum in the land of the Gauls. Six iugera were allotted to eachcolonist; the commissioners who supervised the settlement were Q. Fabius Labeo,M. Fulvius Flaccus and Q. Fulvius Nobilior. (Trans. Roberts)Q. Nobiliorem M. f. iam patrio instituto deditum studio litterarum—qui etiam Q.Ennium, qui cum patre eius in Aetolia militaverat, civitate donavit, cum triumvircoloniam deduxisset. Cic. Brut. 79Q. Nobilior, the son of Marcus, who was inclined to the study of literature by hisfather's example, and presented Ennius (who had served under his father inAetolia) with the citizenship, when he founded a colony as triumvir. (Trans.Jones, with my emendations)Parma and Mutina: (Livy 39.55.7-8)eodem anno Mutina et Parma coloniae ciuium Romanorum sunt deductae, binamilia hominum, in agrum quiproxime Boiorum, ante Tuscorum fuerat, octonaiugera Parmae, quina Mutinae acceperunt. deduxerunt triumuiri M. AemiliusLepidus T. Aebutius Parrus L. Quinctius Crispinus. Livy 39.55.7-8260
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NOT EFFIGIES PAR VAE POPULI ROMAN!:
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COPYRIGHTAmanda Jo Coles2009
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AcknowledgementsI give heartfelt th
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intention and colonial strategy hel
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List of TablesFigure 5.1: Influence
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Instead, through examination of the
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settlements in alien lands," and co
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in the late fourth century BCE; thu
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Aquileia in 181 BCE.Bispham also il
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II.Agency in Roman ColonizationFind
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Figure 1.1:The Statist Model ofRoma
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comparisons between religion in the
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BCE, when Roman power expanded and
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nomenclature of Paestum shows a mix
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determinant factors in the relation
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were soft and wealthy.In part, the
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contact with Magna Graecia or incre
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Reports to senate,founds templesGen
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defined landscape. The landscape wa
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neighbors: "[d]espite its undeniabl
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Roman religion, there was also no r
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propitiate. 113Yet, C. Marius was a
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This section addresses continuity a
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Capodifiume for at least the first
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Was Roman Religion Imposed on the C
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The Capitolium IssueEven as the gen
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VI.Evidentiary CautionsLiteratureUn
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two commissions, four of which mere
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certain far-flung mid-Republican co
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language and epigraphic tradition b
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of participation in many systems: s
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impelled each triumvir to seek or a
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locals, or Rome are given. 6Moreove
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Aesernia (263). 10 These colonies a
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Interamna Lirinas, but who those co
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after a mention of Scipio Africanus
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Valentia.The colonies of 194-192 we
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commissioners, P. Cornelius Scipio
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enough to note that the benefits to
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The questions arising from this con
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ends with the colony of Luna (177 B
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deported them to Samnium.Around 40,
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In the following section I will set
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the conservative faction sponsored
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What this geographical distribution
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consulship was uneventful, as a pro
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Besides a prior military connection
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Thus, there is a pattern of magistr
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Sometimes, the colonists might have
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advancement.The exposure of such a
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Bononia, 154 as did the Fulvii in t
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their enemies, it certainly seems t
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Chapter 3: Commissioners and Foundi
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This chart completes the human half
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first century BCE. The lex coloniae
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political and personal motivations
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through the authority of the senate
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L. Cornelius Lentulus, the brother
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of settlement in Gaul and Liguria d
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their names to the presiding magist
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praetor, except in a supervisory ro
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familiarity with enrolling men, as
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sed occurrebat artimis quantos exer
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probably not a regulated endeavor,
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usually attended the consecration o
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et ab supero mari Senensis. cum uac
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colleges of these priests. In the c
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which one or more men on each commi
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games and sacrifices.In keeping wit
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a limited number of the priests in
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the possible layout of early Roman
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the cattle would have been kept in
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such a small or make-shift altar mi
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and for taking over the duties asso
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BCE.Finally, M. Aemilius Lepidus vo
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this. 143 Some of the reasons why t
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magistrate as a pre-formed committe
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eligious system at Rome. This sugge
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A later dialogue elucidates the div
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ETTIOVTES, Tct 5E XOITTCX KQSEXCOUE
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passive element in the act of colon
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the object of control and the arena
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worship as well as continuing their
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destroyed by the Roman praetor, L.
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erstwhile monuments of Fregellae im
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mentions of the Fregellan emissarie
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etween the mixed Sabellic and Latin
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more often in the Eastern Aegean, f
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To summarize, then, the original co
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The Religious Landscape ofPaestumTh
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community. This was very different
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In addition to these politico-relig
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and an inscription found somewhere
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that place, it represented the indi
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the "clear hegemony of the city ove
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Even more so than the example of Fr
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that encompassed the area from the
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proximity to the forum boarium fits
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on the mouth of the Garigliano rive
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although the Soran Hercules was a n
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Italian communities, they also some
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through the actions of one of the c
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worship of Juno: both the birth-rel
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evocatio from Veii.By vowing a temp
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Regina in Luna was clearly a Roman
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spreading perhaps from Capua or Fal
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surely not Diana of the Aventine, b
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disappointment manifested itself ni
Page 217 and 218: peoples. With this added element, i
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Page 227 and 228: As much as the various types of str
Page 229 and 230: TTepl 8E 2auviTcbv Kai TOIOUTOS TIS
Page 231 and 232: figurines in an attacking pose, wea
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Page 237 and 238: Ariminum, Minturnae, and Pisaurum d
Page 239 and 240: In the colonies in Northern Italy,
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Page 243 and 244: to a colony's religious system, but
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Page 247 and 248: IV.ConclusionsIn his study of Roman
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Page 251 and 252: amount of influence over the type o
Page 253 and 254: In contrast, the Latin colony in Pa
Page 255 and 256: II.ConclusionsOverall, trying to cr
Page 257 and 258: Rome that a Roman army destroyed it
Page 259 and 260: Volscians as colonists. The rest of
Page 261 and 262: Saticula: (Festus, Gloss. Lat. p458
Page 263 and 264: ou Tfjv E^rjynoiv liuETs EV TTJ Trp
Page 265 and 266: Spain or in Africa, and the decemvi
Page 267: During the year a Latin colony was
Page 271 and 272: Colonia Grauiscae eo anno deducta e
Page 273 and 274: HETOt 5E TOUTOV TOV
Page 275 and 276: argenti data centum et quinquaginta
Page 277 and 278: Distribution of Lands in Liguria an
Page 279 and 280: one of the members lest we make an
Page 281 and 282: commander. 9The colonial colleges f
Page 283 and 284: Valerius Tappo, the former tribune
Page 285 and 286: Q. Fabius Labeo (Potentia and Pisau
Page 287 and 288: CommissionAntiumAppendix 3: Colonia
Page 289 and 290: Appendix 3: Colonial Commissioner C
Page 293 and 294: CommissionVenusia(suppl)Appendix 3;
Page 301 and 302: Appendix 3; Colonial Commissioner C
Page 303 and 304: CommissionPlacentia andCremona(supp
Page 305 and 306: CommissionParma andMutinaAppendix 3
Page 311 and 312: BibliographyAbbott, F.F. "The Colon
Page 313 and 314: . A Commentary on Livy: Books XXXI-
Page 315 and 316: de Antonellis, G. Storia di Beneven
Page 317 and 318: Gage, J. Apollon Romaine. Essai sur
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. "The Public Festivals of Rome," A
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Lloyd, J. "Farming the Highlands: S
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Nock, A.D. "A Feature of Roman Reli
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Purcell, N. "Becoming Historical: T
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. "Sacrifices for Gods and Ancestor
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Turfa, J.M. "Etruscan Religion at t
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Zevi-Gallina, A. "Sora. Scavi alia
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