ProQuest Dissertations - Historia Antigua

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the decision of the pontifex maximus and the senate, the sacrifice was repeated the nextyear (194 BCE). Only then does Livy mention colonies, but I think this is a coincidence.Some or all of these colonies had been planned two years before the first attempt toperform the sacrifices. 131If the ver sacrum of 194 was intended to accompany thecolonization, why was the one in 195 performed? It is a much more simple answer if thetwo events are not related but merely reported by Livy in the same breath, as it were.It seems that the Roman ver sacrum was not identical to the Sabellic formula, sowe cannot expect that the Roman colonists were led out and protected by Jupiter in thesame way the Samnites were by Mars. Furthermore, there is insufficient archaeologicalevidence in these colonies to determine if Jupiter was venerated there especially, if at all.Jupiter was prominent in the colonies of Luna, Pisaurum, Minturnae, and Paestumcertainly, and perhaps also Potentia and Ariminum. These hardly constitute a majority ofthe colonies founded in the middle Republic. Thus, until more concrete evidence hassurfaced, Jupiter cannot be said to be the (or even a) patron god of Roman colonization.Gods in the Colonies: ConclusionsIn general, the cults in the mid-Republican colonies exhibit religious influences fromcentral Italy, Greece, or Samnium much more than they do a strictly Roman influence.The strength and source of influences on the colonial cult depends on the god in question,however. The location of the colonies and specific local populations are also important.The influences on each cult discussed in this chapter are summarized in Figure 5.1.131 In 197 BCE, the lex coloniae was passed to found Volternum, Liternum, Puteoli, and Salernum at thevery least. Livy 32.29.3-4.
In the colonies in Northern Italy, the religious influences included Central Italian,Eastern, Greek, Latin, Sabellic, Gallic, Etruscan, and Roman sources. When split bylocation more specifically, it becomes clear that the Sabellic influences only occurred inthe colonies located near the Picentes, a tribe of Sabellic origins. These colonies includeAquileia, Ariminum, Bononia, and Pisaurum. Luna, a colony in the eastern half ofNorthern Italy does not show Sabellic influence, but it does have a stronger Etruscan andGreek connection, which is not surprising in an important port town.Figure 5.1: Influences on Colonial Cults Discussed in Chapter 5Northern ColoniesAquileiaAriminumBononiaLunaPisaurumPotentiaJuno Diana Minerva Hercules Mars JupiterR, E, GrL, E, CoC, EaC, EaC, EaR, Gr, C,EaLC?C?R,GGr, SGr, RGr, SGr, SSSSSU?RRR?Southern ColoniesBeneventumCalesFregellaeInteramnaLuceriaMinturnaePaestumPuteoliSoraLGrC, EaC, EaC, EaC, EaV, C, Co, EaC.DGrUGr, SGr, RGr, RGr, SGr, CGr, RGrGr, R, CoCoUUGrInfluence AbbreviationsC = Central ItalianCo = Colony SpecificD = DaunianE = Etruscan? = Attribution or Influence UncertainEa = EasternR = RomanG = GallicS = Samnite/SabellicGr = GreekU = UnknownL = LatinV = VolscianHeurgon (1957), p. 51 comes to the conclusion that the whole episode is an anachronism.230
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NOT EFFIGIES PAR VAE POPULI ROMAN!:
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COPYRIGHTAmanda Jo Coles2009
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AcknowledgementsI give heartfelt th
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intention and colonial strategy hel
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List of TablesFigure 5.1: Influence
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Instead, through examination of the
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settlements in alien lands," and co
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in the late fourth century BCE; thu
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Aquileia in 181 BCE.Bispham also il
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II.Agency in Roman ColonizationFind
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Figure 1.1:The Statist Model ofRoma
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comparisons between religion in the
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BCE, when Roman power expanded and
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nomenclature of Paestum shows a mix
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determinant factors in the relation
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were soft and wealthy.In part, the
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contact with Magna Graecia or incre
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Reports to senate,founds templesGen
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defined landscape. The landscape wa
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neighbors: "[d]espite its undeniabl
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Roman religion, there was also no r
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propitiate. 113Yet, C. Marius was a
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This section addresses continuity a
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Capodifiume for at least the first
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Was Roman Religion Imposed on the C
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The Capitolium IssueEven as the gen
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VI.Evidentiary CautionsLiteratureUn
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two commissions, four of which mere
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certain far-flung mid-Republican co
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language and epigraphic tradition b
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of participation in many systems: s
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impelled each triumvir to seek or a
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locals, or Rome are given. 6Moreove
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Aesernia (263). 10 These colonies a
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Interamna Lirinas, but who those co
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after a mention of Scipio Africanus
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Valentia.The colonies of 194-192 we
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commissioners, P. Cornelius Scipio
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enough to note that the benefits to
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The questions arising from this con
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ends with the colony of Luna (177 B
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deported them to Samnium.Around 40,
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In the following section I will set
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the conservative faction sponsored
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What this geographical distribution
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consulship was uneventful, as a pro
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Besides a prior military connection
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Thus, there is a pattern of magistr
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Sometimes, the colonists might have
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advancement.The exposure of such a
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Bononia, 154 as did the Fulvii in t
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their enemies, it certainly seems t
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Chapter 3: Commissioners and Foundi
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This chart completes the human half
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first century BCE. The lex coloniae
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political and personal motivations
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through the authority of the senate
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L. Cornelius Lentulus, the brother
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of settlement in Gaul and Liguria d
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their names to the presiding magist
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praetor, except in a supervisory ro
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familiarity with enrolling men, as
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sed occurrebat artimis quantos exer
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probably not a regulated endeavor,
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usually attended the consecration o
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et ab supero mari Senensis. cum uac
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colleges of these priests. In the c
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which one or more men on each commi
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games and sacrifices.In keeping wit
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a limited number of the priests in
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the possible layout of early Roman
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the cattle would have been kept in
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such a small or make-shift altar mi
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and for taking over the duties asso
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BCE.Finally, M. Aemilius Lepidus vo
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this. 143 Some of the reasons why t
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magistrate as a pre-formed committe
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eligious system at Rome. This sugge
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A later dialogue elucidates the div
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ETTIOVTES, Tct 5E XOITTCX KQSEXCOUE
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passive element in the act of colon
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the object of control and the arena
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worship as well as continuing their
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destroyed by the Roman praetor, L.
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erstwhile monuments of Fregellae im
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mentions of the Fregellan emissarie
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etween the mixed Sabellic and Latin
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more often in the Eastern Aegean, f
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To summarize, then, the original co
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The Religious Landscape ofPaestumTh
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community. This was very different
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In addition to these politico-relig
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and an inscription found somewhere
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Page 237: Ariminum, Minturnae, and Pisaurum d
Page 241 and 242: Even with this restricted sample se
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Page 247 and 248: IV.ConclusionsIn his study of Roman
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Page 251 and 252: amount of influence over the type o
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Page 255 and 256: II.ConclusionsOverall, trying to cr
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Page 261 and 262: Saticula: (Festus, Gloss. Lat. p458
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Page 267 and 268: During the year a Latin colony was
Page 269 and 270: T. Maenio praetore urbano creati su
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Page 281 and 282: commander. 9The colonial colleges f
Page 283 and 284: Valerius Tappo, the former tribune
Page 285 and 286: Q. Fabius Labeo (Potentia and Pisau
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Appendix 3: Colonial Commissioner C
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CommissionVenusia(suppl)Appendix 3;
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Appendix 3; Colonial Commissioner C
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CommissionPlacentia andCremona(supp
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CommissionParma andMutinaAppendix 3
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BibliographyAbbott, F.F. "The Colon
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. A Commentary on Livy: Books XXXI-
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de Antonellis, G. Storia di Beneven
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Gage, J. Apollon Romaine. Essai sur
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. "The Public Festivals of Rome," A
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Lloyd, J. "Farming the Highlands: S
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Nock, A.D. "A Feature of Roman Reli
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Purcell, N. "Becoming Historical: T
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. "Sacrifices for Gods and Ancestor
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Turfa, J.M. "Etruscan Religion at t
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Zevi-Gallina, A. "Sora. Scavi alia
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