ProQuest Dissertations - Historia Antigua
ProQuest Dissertations - Historia Antigua ProQuest Dissertations - Historia Antigua
BCE). 3There are no contemporary attestations of this goddess in Campania or Samnium,which indicates that the Latin colonists of Beneventum introduced the political goddess toher new home. 4Continuation of the cults of Hera at Paestum suggests some syncretismwith Juno occurred for the Latin colonists (see Chapter 4, p. 179). The waning of the cultat Foce del Sele and lack of new monumentalization at the Heraion in the SouthernSanctuary at Paestum give the impression that Juno as Hera was not the most prominentgoddess in the new colony, however. 5In Northern Italy, Juno was worshipped in the sacred area located one mile southof the small citizen colony of Pisaurum, founded on the Adriatic in 184. Unlike inBeneventum and Paestum, the colonists of Pisaurum retained their Roman citizenshipbecause they were part of a colony of Roman citizens rather than a colony whose citizenswere granted the ius Latinum. 6In the sacred area, 14 small, truncated pyramids havebeen found which bear inscriptions to a range of deities, including Juno (CIL I 2 370:iunone), Juno Lucina (CIL I 2 371: iuno(ne) loucina), and Juno Regina (CIL I 2 378). 7Thislast inscription reads: iunone re(gina) / matrona /pisaurese / dono dedrot. The epithetsof Juno suggest first that these were personal dedications to deities special to thededicator. Second, the dedications outside of Pisaurum covered several aspects of the3 M.R. Torelli (2002), p. 84. Falerii: Dion. Hal. 1.21.1-2, Ov. Amor. 111.13.31. Tibur: Servius adAen. 1.17(see Torelli p. 84 n. 60 for further bibliography. It is possible that the Tibur cult was transferred fromFalerii.) Rome: Inscr. Ital. Ill, 2, p. 518.4 M.R. Torelli (2002), pp. 84-85.5 Torelli (1999b), p. 49.6 Salmon (1970), p. 70.7 In all there were fourteen stone truncated pyramids of local sandstone found one mile south of Pisaurum.The letters are carved in archaic script, with all but one of the cippi written in the same hand. They date tothe third or early second century BCE. CIL I 2 368-81 = CIL I 2 3, pp. 878-9; Degrassi, ILLRP 1.13-26;Dassau, ILS2970-83; Cresci Marrone and Mennella (1984), p. 89-150 #1-4; Trevisiol (1999), p. 94-101,#81-94; Harvey (2006), p. 136; Bispham (2006), p. 114; Prosdocimi (1989), p. 531.195
worship of Juno: both the birth-related valence of Juno Lucina and the political aspect ofJuno Regina, here specifically labeled as "Matrona Pisaurese."In general, these fourteen cippi date to around the time of the foundation of thecolony. While the deities on the cippi do not seem to have any relationship to oneanother, they all trace back not to gods otherwise found near Pisaurum, but to central andwestern Italian deities. 8Furthermore, based on the deities on the cippi, the worshippersin this sacred location were probably matronae, not the magistrates who might beinvested in assuming aspects of Romanitas through adopting the Capitoline Triad. 9Here,again, the evidence for the cult of Juno in Northern Italy suggests not an imperialisticimposition, but adoption by the colonists for the purposes of their own religiousobservance.Perhaps the most interesting manifestation of Juno Regina is in Luna. This is theonly secure attestation of a cult to the Capitoline Triad that existed from the foundation ofa mid-Republican colony. Luna was founded by a commission headed by MarcusAemilius Lepidus 177 BCE. It was the third of the large, citizen colonies which AemiliusLepidus and his colleagues founded, the first two being Mutina and Parma in 183. Thefoundation of these colonies, along with the viritane distributions of 173, earned Lepidus'family a lasting clientele, from which Lepidus, the consul of 78 BCE, benefited. 10To thisday, the Cispadane region in Northern Italy is still named 'Emilia' after his family. 118 Harvey (2006), p. 123.9 Bispham (2006), p. 114.10 Rossignani (1995), p. 61.11 Salmon (1970), p. 106.196
- Page 153 and 154: magistrate as a pre-formed committe
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- Page 157 and 158: A later dialogue elucidates the div
- Page 159 and 160: ETTIOVTES, Tct 5E XOITTCX KQSEXCOUE
- Page 161 and 162: passive element in the act of colon
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- Page 165 and 166: worship as well as continuing their
- Page 167 and 168: destroyed by the Roman praetor, L.
- Page 169 and 170: erstwhile monuments of Fregellae im
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- Page 173 and 174: etween the mixed Sabellic and Latin
- Page 175 and 176: more often in the Eastern Aegean, f
- Page 177 and 178: To summarize, then, the original co
- Page 179 and 180: The Religious Landscape ofPaestumTh
- Page 181 and 182: community. This was very different
- Page 183 and 184: In addition to these politico-relig
- Page 185 and 186: and an inscription found somewhere
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- Page 189 and 190: the "clear hegemony of the city ove
- Page 191 and 192: Even more so than the example of Fr
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- Page 197 and 198: on the mouth of the Garigliano rive
- Page 199 and 200: although the Soran Hercules was a n
- Page 201 and 202: Italian communities, they also some
- Page 203: through the actions of one of the c
- Page 207 and 208: evocatio from Veii.By vowing a temp
- Page 209 and 210: Regina in Luna was clearly a Roman
- Page 211 and 212: spreading perhaps from Capua or Fal
- Page 213 and 214: surely not Diana of the Aventine, b
- Page 215 and 216: disappointment manifested itself ni
- Page 217 and 218: peoples. With this added element, i
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- Page 221 and 222: these cults of Minerva show charact
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- Page 225 and 226: they were the offerings of the weal
- Page 227 and 228: As much as the various types of str
- Page 229 and 230: TTepl 8E 2auviTcbv Kai TOIOUTOS TIS
- Page 231 and 232: figurines in an attacking pose, wea
- Page 233 and 234: JupiterCults of Jupiter, too, are n
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- Page 239 and 240: In the colonies in Northern Italy,
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- Page 243 and 244: to a colony's religious system, but
- Page 245 and 246: since they could not keep the gods
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- Page 249 and 250: colonists are not given a portable
- Page 251 and 252: amount of influence over the type o
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BCE). 3There are no contemporary attestations of this goddess in Campania or Samnium,which indicates that the Latin colonists of Beneventum introduced the political goddess toher new home. 4Continuation of the cults of Hera at Paestum suggests some syncretismwith Juno occurred for the Latin colonists (see Chapter 4, p. 179). The waning of the cultat Foce del Sele and lack of new monumentalization at the Heraion in the SouthernSanctuary at Paestum give the impression that Juno as Hera was not the most prominentgoddess in the new colony, however. 5In Northern Italy, Juno was worshipped in the sacred area located one mile southof the small citizen colony of Pisaurum, founded on the Adriatic in 184. Unlike inBeneventum and Paestum, the colonists of Pisaurum retained their Roman citizenshipbecause they were part of a colony of Roman citizens rather than a colony whose citizenswere granted the ius Latinum. 6In the sacred area, 14 small, truncated pyramids havebeen found which bear inscriptions to a range of deities, including Juno (CIL I 2 370:iunone), Juno Lucina (CIL I 2 371: iuno(ne) loucina), and Juno Regina (CIL I 2 378). 7Thislast inscription reads: iunone re(gina) / matrona /pisaurese / dono dedrot. The epithetsof Juno suggest first that these were personal dedications to deities special to thededicator. Second, the dedications outside of Pisaurum covered several aspects of the3 M.R. Torelli (2002), p. 84. Falerii: Dion. Hal. 1.21.1-2, Ov. Amor. 111.13.31. Tibur: Servius adAen. 1.17(see Torelli p. 84 n. 60 for further bibliography. It is possible that the Tibur cult was transferred fromFalerii.) Rome: Inscr. Ital. Ill, 2, p. 518.4 M.R. Torelli (2002), pp. 84-85.5 Torelli (1999b), p. 49.6 Salmon (1970), p. 70.7 In all there were fourteen stone truncated pyramids of local sandstone found one mile south of Pisaurum.The letters are carved in archaic script, with all but one of the cippi written in the same hand. They date tothe third or early second century BCE. CIL I 2 368-81 = CIL I 2 3, pp. 878-9; Degrassi, ILLRP 1.13-26;Dassau, ILS2970-83; Cresci Marrone and Mennella (1984), p. 89-150 #1-4; Trevisiol (1999), p. 94-101,#81-94; Harvey (2006), p. 136; Bispham (2006), p. 114; Prosdocimi (1989), p. 531.195
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