ProQuest Dissertations - Historia Antigua

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I. Colonization: Terminology and HistoriographyPreconceptions and Definitions of ColonizationIn order to engage with the idea of Roman colonization in the middle Republic, it isnecessary first to acknowledge what intellectual baggage the development of our ownculture has left us, in terms of a prior understanding of what colonization and coloniesmean. Many scholars have identified traces of nineteenth and twentieth century colonialdiscourse throughout modern scholarship on ancient Greek and Roman colonization. 4Ideologies of ancient colonization, especially Roman colonization under the Principate,informed the ideologies of modern colonization, which continue to shape the internaldefinitions of anyone affected by British colonialism in particular. 5Therefore, it is ofcritical importance to conscientiously define one's vocabulary while engaged in colonialstudies. 6 Dietler's article 'The Archaeology of Colonization and the Colonization ofArchaeology: Theoretical Challenges from an Ancient Mediterranean ColonialEncounter,' provides the most introspective and useful definitions of the vocabularyrelated to colonial studies; for the most part, I adopt his usage throughout my dissertation.Dietler uses the term 'colony' to encompass both the Greek apoikia and the Latincolonia. Founding a colony, then, merely indicates the "act of establishing new4 Especially Van Dommelen (1997), pp. 305-306 and Dietler (2005), pp. 35-47.5 This is particularly true for Americans. It is common for any American to identify not only with their cityand state of birth or residence, but also with their ancestral heritage. I do not think that many Americansrealize nor are prepared to admit how much the identity-by-descent feature of our self-image is related tolatent colonial influence.6 Cf. Osborne (1998), p. 252; Rogers (2005), pp. 336-338; and Stein (2005), pp. 3-5 and 9-13 amongothers.7 Dietler (2005), p. 54. Both of these terms "originally implied the founding of a settlement in foreignterritory, but with quite different relations of dependency within different structurations of the politicaleconomy..."3
settlements in alien lands," and colonization is the "act of imposing political dominationover foreign territory and people." 8Note that colonization is a political phenomenon anddoes not imply any imposed cultural or religious structure. I use 'colonial,' henceforth,as an adjectival form of'colony' meaning 'belonging to the colony,' not as related to'colonialism,' which refers to the "projects and practices of control marshaled ininteractions between societies linked in asymmetrical relations of power, and theprocesses of social and cultural transformation resulting from those practices." 9Turning to specifically Roman vocabulary concerns, the term 'Romanization,'signifies the deliberate imposition of a Roman political, cultural, or religious system on aforeign group of people in order to remake them in a Roman image. 10Throughout thisdissertation, I use this term only to discuss previous theories about cultural interchangebetween people; it is not compatible with the conclusions about religious exchangebetween Rome and the colonies presented in this work. I also attempt to distinguishbetween 'Rome' or 'the senate' and the individual citizens and members thereof so thatthe agency of individuals or committees in founding Roman colonies becomes clear.Bispham defines the alternative as a statist foundation, wherein there is comprehensiveplanning of colonies and complete management at the highest level of Romangovernment in order for the state to duplicate itself. 11Finally, I adopt van Dommelen'suse of 'local' to describe the populations already living in the regions where Romansfound their colonies. 12Italy was subject to waves of colonization by Etruscans, Greeks,8 Ibid. Dietler uses these terms interchangeably, as do I, with the inclusion of 'colonization effort.'9 Dietler (2005), p. 54. The adjective for 'colonialism' is 'colonialist.'10 For other cautions about this term, see Lomas (2004), pp. 199-201 and Williams (2001), pp. 93-95.11 Bispham (2006), p. 74.12 Van Dommelen (1997), pp. 305-306.4
Page 1 and 2: NOT EFFIGIES PAR VAE POPULI ROMAN!:
Page 3 and 4: COPYRIGHTAmanda Jo Coles2009
Page 5 and 6: AcknowledgementsI give heartfelt th
Page 7 and 8: intention and colonial strategy hel
Page 9 and 10: List of TablesFigure 5.1: Influence
Page 11: Instead, through examination of the
Page 15 and 16: in the late fourth century BCE; thu
Page 17 and 18: Aquileia in 181 BCE.Bispham also il
Page 19 and 20: II.Agency in Roman ColonizationFind
Page 21 and 22: Figure 1.1:The Statist Model ofRoma
Page 23 and 24: comparisons between religion in the
Page 25 and 26: BCE, when Roman power expanded and
Page 27 and 28: nomenclature of Paestum shows a mix
Page 29 and 30: determinant factors in the relation
Page 31 and 32: were soft and wealthy.In part, the
Page 33 and 34: contact with Magna Graecia or incre
Page 35 and 36: Reports to senate,founds templesGen
Page 37 and 38: defined landscape. The landscape wa
Page 39 and 40: neighbors: "[d]espite its undeniabl
Page 41 and 42: Roman religion, there was also no r
Page 43 and 44: propitiate. 113Yet, C. Marius was a
Page 45 and 46: This section addresses continuity a
Page 47 and 48: Capodifiume for at least the first
Page 49 and 50: Was Roman Religion Imposed on the C
Page 51 and 52: The Capitolium IssueEven as the gen
Page 53 and 54: VI.Evidentiary CautionsLiteratureUn
Page 55 and 56: two commissions, four of which mere
Page 57 and 58: certain far-flung mid-Republican co
Page 59 and 60: language and epigraphic tradition b
Page 61 and 62: of participation in many systems: s
Page 63 and 64:
impelled each triumvir to seek or a
Page 65 and 66:
locals, or Rome are given. 6Moreove
Page 67 and 68:
Aesernia (263). 10 These colonies a
Page 69 and 70:
Interamna Lirinas, but who those co
Page 71 and 72:
after a mention of Scipio Africanus
Page 73 and 74:
Valentia.The colonies of 194-192 we
Page 75 and 76:
commissioners, P. Cornelius Scipio
Page 77 and 78:
enough to note that the benefits to
Page 79 and 80:
The questions arising from this con
Page 81 and 82:
ends with the colony of Luna (177 B
Page 83 and 84:
deported them to Samnium.Around 40,
Page 85 and 86:
In the following section I will set
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the conservative faction sponsored
Page 89 and 90:
What this geographical distribution
Page 91 and 92:
consulship was uneventful, as a pro
Page 93 and 94:
Besides a prior military connection
Page 95 and 96:
Thus, there is a pattern of magistr
Page 97 and 98:
Sometimes, the colonists might have
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advancement.The exposure of such a
Page 101 and 102:
Bononia, 154 as did the Fulvii in t
Page 103 and 104:
their enemies, it certainly seems t
Page 105 and 106:
Chapter 3: Commissioners and Foundi
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This chart completes the human half
Page 109 and 110:
first century BCE. The lex coloniae
Page 111 and 112:
political and personal motivations
Page 113 and 114:
through the authority of the senate
Page 115 and 116:
L. Cornelius Lentulus, the brother
Page 117 and 118:
of settlement in Gaul and Liguria d
Page 119 and 120:
their names to the presiding magist
Page 121 and 122:
praetor, except in a supervisory ro
Page 123 and 124:
familiarity with enrolling men, as
Page 125 and 126:
sed occurrebat artimis quantos exer
Page 127 and 128:
probably not a regulated endeavor,
Page 129 and 130:
usually attended the consecration o
Page 131 and 132:
et ab supero mari Senensis. cum uac
Page 133 and 134:
colleges of these priests. In the c
Page 135 and 136:
which one or more men on each commi
Page 137 and 138:
games and sacrifices.In keeping wit
Page 139 and 140:
a limited number of the priests in
Page 141 and 142:
the possible layout of early Roman
Page 143 and 144:
the cattle would have been kept in
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such a small or make-shift altar mi
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and for taking over the duties asso
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BCE.Finally, M. Aemilius Lepidus vo
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this. 143 Some of the reasons why t
Page 153 and 154:
magistrate as a pre-formed committe
Page 155 and 156:
eligious system at Rome. This sugge
Page 157 and 158:
A later dialogue elucidates the div
Page 159 and 160:
ETTIOVTES, Tct 5E XOITTCX KQSEXCOUE
Page 161 and 162:
passive element in the act of colon
Page 163 and 164:
the object of control and the arena
Page 165 and 166:
worship as well as continuing their
Page 167 and 168:
destroyed by the Roman praetor, L.
Page 169 and 170:
erstwhile monuments of Fregellae im
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mentions of the Fregellan emissarie
Page 173 and 174:
etween the mixed Sabellic and Latin
Page 175 and 176:
more often in the Eastern Aegean, f
Page 177 and 178:
To summarize, then, the original co
Page 179 and 180:
The Religious Landscape ofPaestumTh
Page 181 and 182:
community. This was very different
Page 183 and 184:
In addition to these politico-relig
Page 185 and 186:
and an inscription found somewhere
Page 187 and 188:
that place, it represented the indi
Page 189 and 190:
the "clear hegemony of the city ove
Page 191 and 192:
Even more so than the example of Fr
Page 193 and 194:
that encompassed the area from the
Page 195 and 196:
proximity to the forum boarium fits
Page 197 and 198:
on the mouth of the Garigliano rive
Page 199 and 200:
although the Soran Hercules was a n
Page 201 and 202:
Italian communities, they also some
Page 203 and 204:
through the actions of one of the c
Page 205 and 206:
worship of Juno: both the birth-rel
Page 207 and 208:
evocatio from Veii.By vowing a temp
Page 209 and 210:
Regina in Luna was clearly a Roman
Page 211 and 212:
spreading perhaps from Capua or Fal
Page 213 and 214:
surely not Diana of the Aventine, b
Page 215 and 216:
disappointment manifested itself ni
Page 217 and 218:
peoples. With this added element, i
Page 219 and 220:
Athena, indicates that the Insubria
Page 221 and 222:
these cults of Minerva show charact
Page 223 and 224:
colonization, contact with Greek co
Page 225 and 226:
they were the offerings of the weal
Page 227 and 228:
As much as the various types of str
Page 229 and 230:
TTepl 8E 2auviTcbv Kai TOIOUTOS TIS
Page 231 and 232:
figurines in an attacking pose, wea
Page 233 and 234:
JupiterCults of Jupiter, too, are n
Page 235 and 236:
censores eo anno creati Q. Fuluius
Page 237 and 238:
Ariminum, Minturnae, and Pisaurum d
Page 239 and 240:
In the colonies in Northern Italy,
Page 241 and 242:
Even with this restricted sample se
Page 243 and 244:
to a colony's religious system, but
Page 245 and 246:
since they could not keep the gods
Page 247 and 248:
IV.ConclusionsIn his study of Roman
Page 249 and 250:
colonists are not given a portable
Page 251 and 252:
amount of influence over the type o
Page 253 and 254:
In contrast, the Latin colony in Pa
Page 255 and 256:
II.ConclusionsOverall, trying to cr
Page 257 and 258:
Rome that a Roman army destroyed it
Page 259 and 260:
Volscians as colonists. The rest of
Page 261 and 262:
Saticula: (Festus, Gloss. Lat. p458
Page 263 and 264:
ou Tfjv E^rjynoiv liuETs EV TTJ Trp
Page 265 and 266:
Spain or in Africa, and the decemvi
Page 267 and 268:
During the year a Latin colony was
Page 269 and 270:
T. Maenio praetore urbano creati su
Page 271 and 272:
Colonia Grauiscae eo anno deducta e
Page 273 and 274:
HETOt 5E TOUTOV TOV
Page 275 and 276:
argenti data centum et quinquaginta
Page 277 and 278:
Distribution of Lands in Liguria an
Page 279 and 280:
one of the members lest we make an
Page 281 and 282:
commander. 9The colonial colleges f
Page 283 and 284:
Valerius Tappo, the former tribune
Page 285 and 286:
Q. Fabius Labeo (Potentia and Pisau
Page 287 and 288:
CommissionAntiumAppendix 3: Colonia
Page 289 and 290:
Appendix 3: Colonial Commissioner C
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
CommissionVenusia(suppl)Appendix 3;
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
Appendix 3; Colonial Commissioner C
Page 303 and 304:
CommissionPlacentia andCremona(supp
Page 305 and 306:
CommissionParma andMutinaAppendix 3
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
BibliographyAbbott, F.F. "The Colon
Page 313 and 314:
. A Commentary on Livy: Books XXXI-
Page 315 and 316:
de Antonellis, G. Storia di Beneven
Page 317 and 318:
Gage, J. Apollon Romaine. Essai sur
Page 319 and 320:
. "The Public Festivals of Rome," A
Page 321 and 322:
Lloyd, J. "Farming the Highlands: S
Page 323 and 324:
Nock, A.D. "A Feature of Roman Reli
Page 325 and 326:
Purcell, N. "Becoming Historical: T
Page 327 and 328:
. "Sacrifices for Gods and Ancestor
Page 329 and 330:
Turfa, J.M. "Etruscan Religion at t
Page 331:
Zevi-Gallina, A. "Sora. Scavi alia
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