US History II: 1865 to Present – Notes & Study Guide – US.2 ...

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 2 - Created by Kate GreenThe student will use maps, globes, photographs, pictures, or tables for2b) explaining relationships among natural resources, transportation,and industrial development after 1865.How did advances in transportation link resources, products, and markets?Advances in transportation linked resources, products, and markets.Transportation resources Moving natural resources (e.g., copper, lead) to easternfactories Moving iron ore deposits to sites of steel mills (e.g.,Pittsburgh) Transporting finished products to national marketsWhat are some examples of manufacturing areas that werelocated near centers of population?Manufacturing areas were clustered near centers ofpopulation.Examples of manufacturing areas Textile industry: New England Automobile industry: Detroit Steel industry: PittsburghExample of a National Market on the Great PlainsIndustrial Development:Transportation:Natural Resources:Products:National Markets:Centers ofPopulations:Transportation of resources Railroads made it possible to reach land that use to beunreachable. In 1840, the US had about 30,000 miles of tracks and by1860, the US had about 300,000 miles of tracks.Moving natural resources (e.g., copper and lead) The trains made it possible to ship natural resources likelead, copper, iron ore, were shipped to EasternFactories). Other Raw Materials were shipped to factories too –cattle, crops, dairy, etc. Then once products were produced they were shipped toNational Markets (Stores)Moving iron ore deposits to sites of steel mills (e.g.,Pittsburgh) In the mid-1800s,huge, collection of iron orewas discovered in severalMidwestern states. Iron ore is neededfor the production of steel,so iron ore was shipped byrail to Pittsburgh. By 1860 Pittsburgh became the center for the new steelindustry. The need for weapons and ammunition in theCivil War significantly helped this Industry.Transporting finished products to national marketsProducers used the railroads to ship raw materials tofactories and to send manufactured goods from factories tomarkets around the U.S.Moore’s General Store – Moore TexasTextiles – making cloth tomake clothes and other itemsFord – AutomobilePlant

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 3 - Created by Kate GreenThe student will use maps, globes, photographs, pictures, or tables for2c) locating the 50 states and the cities most significant to the historical development of the United States.What is one way of grouping the 50 states?A state is an example of a political region. States may be grouped as partof different regions, depending upon the criteria used.States grouped by region Northeast: Maine, Vermont, NewHampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts,Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey,Pennsylvania Southeast: Maryland, Delaware, WestVirginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee,North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana,Arkansas Midwest: Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan,Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri,Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, NorthDakota Southwest: Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico,Arizona Western, Rocky Mountains: Colorado, Utah,Nevada, Montana, Wyoming, Idaho Pacific: Washington, Oregon, California Noncontiguous: Alaska, Hawaiipolitical region:What are some examples of cities that historically have had political, economic, and/or cultural significance to thedevelopment of the United States?Cities serve as centers of trade and havepolitical, economic, and/or cultural significance.Important Cities Northeast: New York, ___, Boston, ___,Pittsburgh & Philadelphia, ___ Southeast: Washington, D.C., Atlanta, ___,New Orleans, ___ Midwest: Chicago, ___, St. Louis, ___,Detroit, ___ Southwest: San Antonio, ___, Santa Fe, ___ Rocky Mountains: Denver, ___Salt Lake City, ___ Pacific: San Francisco & Los Angeles, ___,Seattle, ___ Noncontiguous: Juneau, ___, Honolulu, ___New York City - By 1850, already the most populatedAmerican city. Most immigrants arrived at Ellis Island. Manyremained in NYC and many moved to other parts of the U.S.Boston – Where the American Revolutionary War Began withPaul Revere’s Ride – “The Red Coats are Coming”Pittsburgh - Steel manufacturing centerPhiladelphia – home of the Liberty Bell and the Signing of theDeclaration of IndependenceChicago - Center of meat packing industryDetroit - Center of automobile industrySt. Louis – The “center” of the United States – East/WestCoast separation – “Gateway to the West”DC – District of Columbia – nations capitolAtlanta – Important Turning point City during the Civil WarNew Orleans – Hurricane Katrina destroyed the city in 2005center of trade:political:cultural significance:Shipping Iron-Ore ->economic:Santa Fe - Capital of New Mexico - During the 1850's, many people headedwest on the Santa Fe trail which stretched from Independence, Missouri toSanta Fe. From Santa Fe, other trails took travelers on to California andelsewhere. Major Cattle Hub.San Antonio - Texans here staged a revolt against Mexican rule, but wasslaughtered by Mexican General Santa Anna at the Alamo. With the battlecry "Remember the Alamo", Texans eventually captured the Mexican dictatorand Texas became an independent republic.Salt Lake City – Named after its inland “salt” lake – Makes it easy to floatDenver – Great Skiing locationSeattle – Home of Starbucks CoffeeSan Francisco – Home of the Golden Gate Bridge & Angel IslandLos Angeles – “City of Angels”Juneau - Capitol of AlaskaHonolulu – Capitol of Hawaii

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 4 - Created by Kate GreenSOL USII.2aThe Push WestThe Great Land GrabBefore the Civil War, people feared moving to the Westbecause the land was an unsettled, open plain with rough climate conditions.Why do YOU think people feared moving West before the Civil War?Draw a picture to show each physical features and climate of the Great Plains.Mastering the PlainsBecause the West had very few trees, come up with a plan on how people could build a house if theymoved West without wood.

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 5 - Created by Kate GreenWestward ExpansionName: _______________ Date: _________ Bell: _______Westward expansion occurred because people’sperceptions and uses of the Great Plains changed.What are the physical features and climate of theGreat Plains?1.2. Land eroded by wind and water3.4.With new technologies, people saw the Great Plains not as a “treeless wasteland”but as a vast area to be settled.The new technologies included theseinventions and adaptations:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 6 - Created by Kate GreenSo new opportunities and technological advances led to westward migration.What were the reasons for increased westward expansion?1.2.3.4.5.How did advances in transportation link resources, products, and markets?1.2.3.Examples of manufacturing areas include:1.2.3.

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 7 - Created by Kate GreenHorizontal Linesare Latitude LinesVertical Lines areLongitude LinesCoordinates are written like thisAlways – Latitude, Longitude#°N, #°WColor the Latitude Lines Blue. Color the Longitude lines Red.Your Coordinates will always read like this: 40°N, 90°WFind Hampton Roads, Virginia ___________________________

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 8 - Created by Kate GreenUS.2bPut a Star on the map for Each Location of aMajor Industry of the late 1800’s.Steel - ___________________Textiles - _________________Automobiles - ______________Transportation Resources -> _____________Label the Regions that would be in each direction.

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 9 - Created by Kate GreenSOL USII.2cWestward Migration, New Ideas, and Growth After 1865:Looking at the States and CitiesIn spite of several challenges, the country grew and developed immensely throughout the 1800s. TheUnited States today has 50 states, which states have you visited? Which state is your favorite? Whichstate would you like to live in?Match the Region to the appropriate group of states.1. _____ NortheastA. Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, ArizonaB. Alaska, Hawaii2. _____ SoutheastC. Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts,3. _____ MidwestRhode Island, New York, New Jersey, PennsylvaniaD. Washington, Oregon, California4. _____ SouthwestE. Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa,Missouri Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota North Dakota,5. _____ West/Rocky Mnt.F. Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Montana Wyoming, Idaho6. _____ PacificG. Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky,Tennessee, N. Carolina, S. Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama,7. _____ Non-contiguousMississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas

Directions:Circle all the Major CitiesColor the RegionsLabel the KeyHistory and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 10 - Created by Kate Green

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 11 - Created by Kate GreenNortheast - OrangeSignificant CitiesMaine Rhode Island New York, NYVermont New York Boston, MANew Hampshire New Jersey Pittsburgh, PAConnecticut Massachusetts Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania9 StatesSoutheast-YellowSignificant CitiesMaryland South Carolina Washington, D. C.*Delaware Georgia Atlanta, GAWest Virginia Florida New Orleans, LAVirginiaAlabamaKentuckyMississippiTennesseeLouisianaNorth CarolinaArkansas14 StatesMidwest-PurpleSignificant CitiesOhio Iowa Chicago, ILIndiana Missouri St. Louis, MOIllinois Kansas Detroit, MIMichiganNebraskaWisconsinNorth DakotaMinnesotaSouth Dakota12 StatesSouthwest-BlueSignificant CitiesTexas New Mexico San Antonio, T XOklahoma Arizona Santa Fe, NM4 StatesWestern/Rocky Mountain-RedSignificant CitiesColorado Montana Denver, COUtah Wyoming Salt Lake City, UTNevadaIdaho6 StatesPacific-GreenSignificant CitiesWashingtonSan Francisco, CAOregonLos Angeles, CACaliforniaSeattle, WA3 StatesNoncontiguous-Green/White StrippedSignificant CitiesAlaskaJuneau, AKHawaiiHonolulu, HI2 States

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 12 - Created by Kate Green1. Do lines of latitude run east-west or north-south? _______________________________________2. Name three states that extend below latitude 30 degrees N (in the contiguous US), and label them on themap. ______________________________________________________________________________3. Name one US state that is mostly east of longitude 70 degrees W, and label it on the map.4. Name three US states (shown on this map) that extends west of longitude 120 degrees W, and label themon the map. ____________________________________________________________________________5. Is the location 45°N latitude, 82°W longitude on land or under water? On the map, mark it with a red X.6. Name the state that is located entirely between 40-45 degrees N latitude and between 90-100 degrees Wlongitude, and label it on the map. _______________________________________7. What industry is located at 42°N, 79°W? _________________________________8. What industry is located at 43°N, 83°W? _________________________________9. What city is located at 38°N, 91°W? _________________________________10. What city is located at 41°N, 114°W? _________________________________

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 13 - Created by Kate GreenUSII.2c

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 14 - Created by Kate Green

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 15 - Created by Kate Green

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 16 - Created by Kate Green

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 17 - Created by Kate GreenNFL Team CitiesIdentify the Team, City, State and Regionfor each circle/square. (Regions are grouped below)1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 8.1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 1.2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9.1. 2. 3. 1.1. 2. 3. 4.

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 18 - Created by Kate GreenUse the followingcharts to create flashcards for US.2.

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 19 - Created by Kate GreenGREAT PLAINS flatlands; erodedby wind andwater; lowrainfall; frequentdust storms7 POLITICALREGIONS OFTHE U.S.Northeast;Southeast;Midwest;Southwest; RockyMountain; Pacific;Noncontiguous"TREELESSWASTELAND"TECHNOLOGIESTHAT HELPEDSETTLE THEGREAT PLAINSNEW ENGLANDview of theGreat Plainsbefore Civil War NORTHEASTREGION,Barbed wire;steel plows; dryfarming; sodhouses; beefcattle raising;wheat farmingtextilemanufacturingareaSOUTHEASTREGION,MIDWESTREGION,Maine; Vermont;New Hampshire;Maryland; Delaware;West Virginia;Virginia; Kentucky;Tennessee; NorthCarolina; SouthCarolina; Georgia;Florida; Alabama;Mississippi; Louisiana;ArkansasOhio; Indiana; Illinois;Michigan; Wisconsin;Minnesota; Iowa;Missouri; Kansas;Nebraska; SouthDakota; North DakotaDETROITcenter of theautomobileindustrySOUTHWESTREGION,Texas;Oklahoma; NewMexico; ArizonaPITTSBURGHcenter of thesteel industryWEST, ROCKYMOUNTAINREGION,Colorado; Utah;Nevada;Montana;Wyoming; Idaho

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 20 - Created by Kate Green

History and Social Science Standards 2008 – VDOE US.2 – Geography - 21 - Created by Kate GreenPACIFICREGION,Washington;Oregon;CaliforniaSANFRANCISCO &LOS ANGELESCalifornia citiesNONCONTIGUOUS STATESAlaska; Hawaii ST. LOUIS city in MissouriPHILADELPHIA, PITTSBURGHPennsylvaniacitiesSANTA FEcity in NewMexicoBOSTONcity inMassachusettsSAN ANTONIOcity in TexasATLANTA city in Georgia SEATTLEcity in the stateof WashingtonNEW ORLEANScity in LouisianaSALT LAKECITYcity in UtahCHICAGO city in Illinois JUNEAU city in AlaskaHONOLULU city in Hawaii DETROIT city in Michigan