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More oxford books @ www.OxfordeBook.comFore more urdu books visit www.4Urdu.com270LEGACIEScemented Rand’s appreciation of his friendship, and he in turn made nosecret of his involvement with her philosophy. Greenspan’s rise withinRepublican circles had been meteoric, aided by his alliance with MartinAnderson, whom he had met through the New York NBI. Once a regularat NBI lectures and a visitor to Rand’s private salons, Anderson hadbeen swept out of the Objectivist orbit when he joined Richard Nixon’sfirst presidential campaign. But he remembered both his Objectivistprinciples and friends, bringing Greenspan on board the campaign andurging Nixon to oppose the draft on libertarian grounds. 64 Andersonand Greenspan were both appointed to the Gates Committee, whicheventually recommended abolition of the draft. From there Greenspan’seconomic expertise made him a valued consultant to the president andset him on the path toward his eventual chairmanship of the FederalReserve.Greenspan was only the first of many high-profile economists tobreak out of the libertarian ghetto, broadening the libertarian focusbeyond Rand. After decades of honing their approach, academic libertarianswere ready to take advantage of opportunities created by theeconomic doldrums of the 1970s. The long struggle for acceptance paidoff when both F. A. Hayek and Milton Friedman were awarded NobelPrizes in economics in 1974 and 1976, respectively. Their ascent to thetop of the economics profession reflected a major intellectual shift awayfrom Keynesianism. The failings of socialist economies and the appearanceof “stagflation,” which Friedman had famously predicted, madeeconomists and policymakers alike more interested in libertarian arguments.Although Rand despised Hayek, his classical liberal views were aspecies of libertarianism to all but the purists, and his public recognitionwas an index of the increased respectability of antistatism. Hayek’s prizealso brought attention and prestige to his overlooked mentor, Ludwigvon Mises, who remained a favorite of Rand’s, and gave a boost to thefourth-generation Austrian School clustered around NYU. During thistime the libertarian-inflected law and economics movement, an outgrowthof the Chicago School, made inroads at several important lawschools. 65In 1975 libertarians won another coveted prize when Harvard ProfessorRobert Nozick was awarded the National Book Award for Anarchy, State,and Utopia, a philosophic defense of the limited state. Nozick had been