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More oxford books @ www.OxfordeBook.comFore more urdu books visit www.4Urdu.comIT USUALLY BEGINS WITH AYN RAND 269a mutually agreeable party platform, so many members of the Partyclaimed to be working for the ultimate abolition of the state, a positionRand found irresponsible and absurd. Even worse was that libertarianshad no guiding philosophy, and were proud of it. Rand supportedabolition of the drug laws and the draft, but libertarians went beyondthese positions, celebrating drug culture, draft dodging, and generalrebellion against law and order. This tendency toward chaos had madeRand’s morality appealing to libertarians who sought boundaries andguides to their rebellion. Now the Libertarian Party offered the samekind of structure. Unlike Rand, the Party also offered a positive programfor the future, even a promise of political influence. By opposing theParty so vehemently, Rand undermined her vaunted position amonglibertarians.No longer star-struck teenagers, libertarians were now ready tochallenge Rand’s authority and even her intellectual contribution. ALibertarian Party organizer, Edward Crane III, responded specificallyto Rand’s allegation that the Party existed on “borrowed” ideas. “Sure,we’ve ‘borrowed’ some of the concepts used by Miss Rand,” wrote Crane.“But the myth that she invented those ideas should long since have beendispelled,” he added, citing a number of earlier libertarian writers whohad influenced Rand, including Rose Wilder Lane and Isabel Paterson.Crane surmised that Rand was most troubled because she did not controlthe Libertarian Party. Despite his harshness Crane tempered hiscriticism, noting in a foreword, “I am a great admirer of Rand and hadmixed emotions about writing the piece. I am inclined to believe thatthe Ayn Rand I was writing about is not quite the same Ayn Rand of adecade ago.” 63 Framing Rand as a new and different person helped easethe sting. And to some degree it was true: Rand had become increasinglyunpleasant, querulous, and rigid as the years progressed. But libertarianshad also changed. Their worldview, goals, and ambitions hadshifted, as would their intellectual horizons.Libertarian ambitions were fed by the ascendancy of Rand’s protégé,Alan Greenspan, to the president’s Council of Economic Advisers.Anarchists and purists regarded him as a statist sell-out; others wonderedif he would subtly pull the administration in an Objectivist direction.He and Rand were still close, although they met infrequently.Greenspan had largely stayed above the fray in 1968 but had not hesitatedto publicly support Rand in her disavowal of Nathan. This action