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More oxford books @ www.OxfordeBook.comFore more urdu books visit www.4Urdu.comA ROUND UNIVERSE 159long gestation, Atlas Shrugged caught Rand once more in the transitionfrom one mode of thinking to another. The Fountainhead was markedby Rand’s first encounter with American political life. Atlas Shruggedwas formed in a different crucible, the clash between fiction and philosophy,the romantic and the rational. Rand drained herself to finishthe book, and when it was over she would never write fiction again. 58During the two years she struggled to write Galt’s speech, Rand’s pronouncednervous tension wreaked havoc on those closest to her. Theemotional center of Nathan’s, Barbara’s, and Frank’s lives, she set themood for all. She was irritable, angry, and tense. Nathan’s attentionsdid little to soothe her. No matter how welcome, he was a distractionto her writing. When he let her down, the price seemed too much topay. Rand flayed him in private for his inattention, while praising himextravagantly to others. She erupted at Frank for small transgressions,sometimes drawing Nathan into their arguments. She was also infuriatedby Barbara’s persistent anxiety attacks and her accompanying pleasfor help.In frustration, Rand developed a new theory of “emotionalism” toexplain Barbara’s behavior. Like the idea of social metaphysics, emotionalismwas a psychological rendering of the ideals conveyed in Rand’sfiction. Emotionalists were those who, contrary to Objectivist teaching,allowed their emotions, rather than their rationality, to guide themthrough the world. Rand speculated that emotional repression mightbe one source of emotionalism; that is, repression might eviscerate therational faculty altogether. By not acknowledging emotions, the emotionalistwas subject to their sway. Certainly this theory did providesome insight into Barbara’s suffering. However, in Rand’s and Nathan’shands, the idea of emotionalism was not a tool for understanding, butrathera method of judgment. Neither suggested that Barbara’s emotionalrepression came from her acceptance of the “rational” affair between herhusband and her closest friend.Rand’s new interest in psychological ideas reflected Nathan’s influence.He was now studying for a master’s degree in psychology andcontinued to expand Objectivism into new areas, with Rand followingsuit. Emotionalism led Rand to further musings on human psychology,captured under the terms “sub basement” and “superstructure,” herwords for the subconscious and conscious mind. The opposite of an