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More oxford books @ www.OxfordeBook.comFore more urdu books visit www.4Urdu.comINDIVIDUALISTS OF THE WORLD, UNITE! 63contributions to society, showing little interest in distinguishing membersof the faceless mob below. Now, without losing contempt for “thelowest elements” (which remained undefined), she allotted a new roleto the vast American middle classes. These were the people she had metin the theater and on the street, ordinary voters who seemed naturallysuspicious of Roosevelt and his promises of prosperity.The “Manifesto” as a whole throbbed with a newfound love andrespect for America. In Russia Rand had idealized America, but the 1930shad disillusioned her. Watching the spread of collectivism in literatureand art, in 1937 she complained about “our degeneration in cultural matters—whichhave always been collective in America.” 63 The “Manifesto”bore no such traces of cynicism. Instead it defined individualism andAmericanism as essentially the same thing. America’s establishment ofindividual liberty, according to Rand, “was the secret of its success.” Shepraised the American Revolution as a rare historic moment when menworked collectively to establish “the freedom of the Individual and theestablishment of a society to ensure this freedom,” and called “give meliberty or give me death,” Patrick Henry’s dramatic words in support ofthe American Revolution, “the statement of a profound truth.” 64Rand’s final section, an extended defense of capitalism, likewise borethe marks of her campaign experience. Before Willkie she had been procapitalistyet pessimistic, writing, “The capitalist world is low, unprincipled,and corrupt.” Now she celebrated capitalism as “the noblest,cleanest and most idealistic system of all.” Despite her opposition toWillkie’s managers, Rand seemed to have picked up on some of theirtactics, marketing capitalism as the solution to all ills. 65Rand’s newfound embrace of capitalism also reflected readingshe had done since the campaign ended, particularly Carl Synder’sCapitalism the Creator: The Economic Foundations of Modern IndustrialSociety. 66 Snyder, a well-known economist and statistician at the FederalReserve Bank, argued that capitalism was the “only one way, that anypeople, in all history, have ever risen from barbarism and poverty toaffluence and culture.” From this premise Snyder developed a historicallygrounded, statistically supported case in favor of capital accumulationand against economic regulation and planning. Snyder supportedcentralized credit control, and indeed touted wise control of the moneysupply as the key to preventing future depressions and panics. He also